公开(公告)号：US5148005A

公开(公告)日：1992-09-15

申请号：US455715

申请日：1989-12-22

Applicant: Shou-Mean Fang ,  David A. Horsma ,  Guillaume Peronnet ,  Timothy E. Fahey ,  Andrew N. Au ,  William D. Carlomagno

Inventor： Shou-Mean Fang ,  David A. Horsma ,  Guillaume Peronnet ,  Timothy E. Fahey ,  Andrew N. Au ,  William D. Carlomagno

IPC: H01C7/02 ,  H01C7/13 ,  H05B3/14 ,  H05B3/34

CPC classification number: H05B3/34 ,  H01C7/027 ,  H01C7/13 ,  H05B3/146 ,  H05B2203/01 ,  H05B2203/013 ,  H05B2203/017 ,  H05B2203/02

Abstract: Circuit protection devices which comprise a PTC conductive polymer element and a second electrical component which is thermally coupled to the PTC element and which, when a fault causes the current in the circuit to become excessive, generates heat which is transferred to the PTC element, thus reducing the time taken to "trip" the PTC element. The second component is for example a voltage-dependent resistor which is connected in series with the PTC element under the fault conditions and is thus protected from damage. Alternatively, the second component is a thick film resistor which is connected in series with the PTC element.

Abstract translation: 电路保护装置包括PTC导电聚合物元件和与PTC元件热耦合的第二电气元件，并且当故障导致电路中的电流变得过大时，产生传递到PTC元件的热量，因此 减少PTC元件“跳闸”所需的时间。 第二组件例如是在故障条件下与PTC元件串联连接的电压相关电阻器，因此可以防止损坏。 或者，第二部件是与PTC元件串联连接的厚膜电阻器。

公开(公告)号：US4421582A

公开(公告)日：1983-12-20

申请号：US818711

申请日：1977-07-25

Applicant: David A. Horsma ,  Stephen H. Diaz

Inventor： David A. Horsma ,  Stephen H. Diaz

IPC: B29C65/00 ,  B29C65/34 ,  H01C1/146 ,  H01C7/02 ,  H05B3/06 ,  H05B3/14 ,  H05B3/12 ,  B29C27/00 ,  H05B3/38

CPC classification number: B29C65/342 ,  B29C65/344 ,  B29C66/73715 ,  B29C66/91411 ,  B29C66/91651 ,  B29C66/91921 ,  B29C66/91931 ,  H01C1/146 ,  H01C7/027 ,  H05B3/06 ,  H05B3/146 ,  B29C65/3468 ,  B29C65/3476 ,  B29C65/3488 ,  B29C65/3492 ,  B29C66/91655 ,  B29K2995/0005 ,  B29K2995/0049 ,  Y10S174/08 ,  Y10S428/913 ,  Y10T428/1328 ,  Y10T428/1331 ,  Y10T428/24314 ,  Y10T428/24942 ,  Y10T428/249922

Abstract: Articles which are heat-recoverable, or which can be rendered heat-recoverable or which have been heat-recovered, comprise a member composed of a conductive polymer and, attached to said member, at least two electrodes, at least one of which is an electrode comprising a plurality of pliable conductive elements, e.g., a braided tube. By connecting the electrodes to a source of electrical power, current is caused to pass through and heat the conductive polymer member. The heat generated can be used to provide all or part of the heat necessary to cause recovery of the heat-recoverable article. The conductive polymer preferably exhibits PTC behavior, thereby regulating the maximum temperature to which the article can be heated.

Abstract translation: 可热回收或可回收热量或已经回收热量的制品包括由导电聚合物构成的构件，并附着到所述构件上的至少两个电极，其中至少一个电极是 电极，其包括多个柔韧的导电元件，例如编织管。 通过将电极连接到电源上，使电流通过并加热导电聚合物构件。 所产生的热量可用于提供引起可回收物品回收所需的全部或部分热量。 导电聚合物优选表现出PTC行为，从而调节制品可加热的最高温度。

公开(公告)号：US5430815A

公开(公告)日：1995-07-04

申请号：US14040

申请日：1993-02-05

Applicant: Nelson M. Shen ,  David A. Horsma ,  Marc F. Moisson ,  Narendra Kulkarni

Inventor： Nelson M. Shen ,  David A. Horsma ,  Marc F. Moisson ,  Narendra Kulkarni

IPC: G01M3/04 ,  G01M3/38 ,  G01N19/10 ,  G02B6/00 ,  G01N5/02 ,  H01J5/16

CPC classification number: G01M3/047 ,  G01N19/10

Abstract: An optical fiber water sensor includes a mandrel having a convex or concave shape adjacent to an optical fiber which is adjacent to a water swellable material held in a reservoir. Upon coming in contact with water, the material swells and deforms a section of the optical fiber about a contour defined by the mandrel thus attenuating a signal propagating through the fiber which is detected by an optical detector to indicate the presence of water.

Abstract translation: 光纤水分传感器包括具有邻近光纤的凸形或凹形形状的心轴，该光纤与容纳在容器中的水可溶胀材料相邻。 当与水接触时，材料围绕由心轴限定的轮廓使一部分光纤膨胀并变形，从而衰减通过光学检测器检测到的光纤传播的信号，以指示水的存在。

公开(公告)号：US4654511A

公开(公告)日：1987-03-31

申请号：US775543

申请日：1985-09-12

Applicant: David A. Horsma ,  Bernard J. Lyons ,  Robert Smith-Johannsen

Inventor： David A. Horsma ,  Bernard J. Lyons ,  Robert Smith-Johannsen

IPC: B29C65/00 ,  B29C65/34 ,  H01C1/14 ,  H01C7/02 ,  H05B3/06 ,  H05B3/14 ,  H05B3/10

CPC classification number: H05B3/146 ,  H01C1/1406 ,  H01C7/027 ,  H05B3/06

Abstract: A self-regulating heating article comprising a layer of material exhibiting a positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTC) and said PTC layer having at least partially contiguous therewith at least one layer of constant wattage output material. The article operates such that when connected to an electric power source, the current flows through at least a portion of the thickness of the PTC layer and of the constant wattage layer.

Abstract translation: 一种自调节加热制品，其包括呈现正温度系数电阻（PTC）的材料层，并且所述PTC层至少部分地与至少一层恒定功率输出材料邻接。 该物件工作时，当连接到电源时，电流流过PTC层和恒功率层的厚度的至少一部分。

公开(公告)号：US4177376A

公开(公告)日：1979-12-04

申请号：US601638

申请日：1975-08-04

Applicant: David A. Horsma ,  Bernard J. Lyons ,  Robert Smith-Johannsen

Inventor： David A. Horsma ,  Bernard J. Lyons ,  Robert Smith-Johannsen

IPC: B29C65/00 ,  B29C65/34 ,  H01C1/14 ,  H01C7/02 ,  H05B3/06 ,  H05B3/14 ,  H05B3/12 ,  H05B3/38

CPC classification number: H05B3/146 ,  H01C1/1406 ,  H01C7/027 ,  H05B3/06 ,  Y10S174/08

Abstract: A self-regulating heating article comprising a layer of material exhibiting a positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTC) and said PTC layer having at least partially contiguous therewith at least one layer of constant wattage output material. The article operates such that when connected to an electric power source, the current flows through at least a portion of the thickness of the PTC layer and of the constant wattage layer. In a preferred embodiment, upon heating the article, a change in dimensions as well as activation of an adhesive occurs.

公开(公告)号：US5166658A

公开(公告)日：1992-11-24

申请号：US487985

申请日：1990-03-08

Applicant: Shou-Mean Fang ,  David A. Horsma ,  Guillaume Peronnet ,  Charles H. Camphouse

Inventor： Shou-Mean Fang ,  David A. Horsma ,  Guillaume Peronnet ,  Charles H. Camphouse

IPC: H01C7/02 ,  H05B3/14

CPC classification number: H05B3/146 ,  H01C7/021 ,  H01C7/027

Abstract: Circuit protection systems which comprise a PTC resistor and a second resistor, e.g. a thick film resistor, which is thermally and electrically connected to the PTC resistor have a break current I.sub.B and a hold current I.sub.H such that the ratio I.sub.B /I.sub.H is at most 20. Suitable PTC resistors are conductive polymer devices which comprise a PTC element which has been radiation crosslinked under conditions such that the average dose rate is at most 3.0 Mrad/minute or during which no part of the PTC element which is in contact with the electrodes reaches a temperature greater than (T.sub.m -60).degree.C., where T.sub.m is the melting point of the polymeric component of the conductive polymer.

Abstract translation: 包括PTC电阻器和第二电阻器的电路保护系统，例如， 热电连接到PTC电阻器的厚膜电阻器具有断路电流IB和保持电流IH，使得IB / IH的比例至多为20.适当的PTC电阻器是导电聚合物器件，其包括PTC元件，PTC元件 已经在使得平均剂量率为至多3.0Mrad /分钟的条件下辐射交联，或者在此期间没有与电极接触的PTC元件的部分达到大于（Tm-60）℃的温度，其中 Tm是导电聚合物的聚合物组分的熔点。

公开(公告)号：US4658121A

公开(公告)日：1987-04-14

申请号：US771384

申请日：1985-08-29

Applicant: David A. Horsma ,  Teddy J. Hammack

Inventor： David A. Horsma ,  Teddy J. Hammack

IPC: C08L101/00 ,  H01B1/24 ,  H01C7/02 ,  H05B3/10 ,  H01B1/06

CPC classification number: H01C7/027 ,  C08L101/00 ,  H01B1/24

Abstract: Disclosed is a positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTC) crosslinked polymeric composition comprising a first polymeric material exhibiting high green strength prior to crosslinking and elastomeric behavior subsequent to cross-linking, and a second polymeric material comprising a thermoplastic, both said materials having dispersed therein conductive particles, e.g., carbon black, and further, said composition exhibiting a rise in resistance with increased temperature at temperatures above the melting point of either material.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种正电温度系数（PTC）交联聚合物组合物，其包含在交联之前具有高生坯强度的第一聚合物材料和交联后的弹性体行为，以及包含热塑性材料的第二聚合物材料，所述两种所述材料分散在其中 导电颗粒，例如炭黑，此外，所述组合物在高于任一材料的熔点的温度下，随温度升高而呈现电阻上升。

公开(公告)号：US4330703A

公开(公告)日：1982-05-18

申请号：US78386

申请日：1979-09-24

Applicant: David A. Horsma ,  Bernard J. Lyons ,  Robert Smith-Johannsen

Inventor： David A. Horsma ,  Bernard J. Lyons ,  Robert Smith-Johannsen

IPC: B29C65/00 ,  B29C65/34 ,  H01C1/14 ,  H01C7/02 ,  H05B3/14 ,  H05B3/56 ,  H05B3/12 ,  H05B3/38

CPC classification number: B29C65/342 ,  B29C65/3428 ,  B29C65/3432 ,  B29C66/91411 ,  B29C66/91431 ,  B29C66/91651 ,  B29C66/9192 ,  H01C1/1406 ,  H01C7/027 ,  H05B3/146 ,  H05B3/56 ,  B29C65/3468 ,  B29C65/3488 ,  B29C66/91218 ,  B29C66/91653 ,  B29C66/91655 ,  B29C66/919 ,  B29C66/949 ,  B29C66/9592 ,  B29K2995/0005 ,  B29K2995/0049 ,  Y10S174/08

Abstract: A self-regulating heating article comprising a layer of material exhibiting a positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTC) and said PTC layer having at least partially contiguous therewith at least one layer of constant wattage output material. The article operates such that when connected to an electric power source, the current flows through at least a portion of the thickness of the PTC layer and of the constant wattage layer. In a preferred embodiment, upon heating the article, a change in dimensions as well as activation of an adhesive occurs.

公开(公告)号：US4246468A

公开(公告)日：1981-01-20

申请号：US873676

申请日：1978-01-30

Applicant: David A. Horsma

Inventor： David A. Horsma

IPC: H05B3/14 ,  G01K7/00 ,  H01C7/02 ,  H05B3/12 ,  H05B3/56 ,  H05B3/10

CPC classification number: H05B3/12 ,  H01C7/027 ,  H05B3/56

Abstract: The invention relates to novel electrical devices which are useful for example as heaters and temperature sensors, and which comprise at least two electrodes, at least one PTC element, at least one relatively constant wattage element, and at least one current-directing element which directs the current, when the device is first connected to a source of electrical power, so that the effective initial resistance of the device is greater than it would be in the absence of said element. Thus the invention provides a solution to the problem of current inrush in applications of PTC devices in which substantial current passes through the device at operating temperatures. The invention also includes the use of the novel devices in applications in which current inrush is not a problem.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及可用于例如加热器和温度传感器的新型电气装置，其包括至少两个电极，至少一个PTC元件，至少一个相对恒定的功率元件以及至少一个引导元件 电流当器件首先连接到电源时，使得器件的有效初始电阻大于在不存在所述元件的情况下的有效初始电阻。 因此，本发明提供了在其中大量电流在工作温度下通过该器件的PTC器件的应用中电涌涌现的问题的解决方案。 本发明还包括在目前涌流不是问题的应用中使用新颖的装置。

公开(公告)号：US4236949A

公开(公告)日：1980-12-02

申请号：US945427

申请日：1978-09-25

Applicant: David A. Horsma ,  Stephen H. Diaz

Inventor： David A. Horsma ,  Stephen H. Diaz

IPC: F16L13/00 ,  F16L47/22 ,  F16L59/16 ,  H02G15/18 ,  H02G15/08

CPC classification number: H02G15/18 ,  F16L13/004 ,  F16L47/22 ,  F16L59/16

Abstract: The formation of a hermetic seal in an assembly resulting from the connection or encapsulation of one or more substrates such as cables by one or more dimensionally-recoverable covering members such as heat-recoverable sleeves is checked by detecting the increase in air pressure which occurs during heating of the assembly once a hermetic seal has been made. To this end, a covering member is provided with an aperture which communicates with a detection device such as a balloon or a manometer and with a space within the assembly in which there is a build up of air pressure.

Abstract translation: 通过检测一个或多个尺寸可恢复的覆盖构件（例如可热回收的套管）来连接或封装一个或多个基底（例如电缆）而形成的气密密封件，通过检测在 一旦气密密封已经制造，组件的加热。 为此，覆盖构件设置有与诸如球囊或压力计的检测装置连通并且在组件内具有空气压力积聚的空间的孔。