公开(公告)号：US5629925A

公开(公告)日：1997-05-13

申请号：US429719

申请日：1995-04-27

Applicant: Bodo Pfeiffer ,  Stefan Wahl

Inventor： Bodo Pfeiffer ,  Stefan Wahl

IPC: H04M3/22 ,  H04L12/937 ,  H04L12/939 ,  H04Q3/52 ,  H04Q11/04 ,  H04G11/00 ,  H04J3/02

CPC classification number: H04L49/55 ,  H04L49/254

Abstract: A method of operating a switching network, a switching network, and an exchange with such a switching network are described. The switching network consists of several switching modules and an interconnect network between these switching modules. The interconnect network includes a switch unit and interconnects the switching modules in accordance with a logic interconnection structure. The switch unit is simple and can be implemented by all-optical means. By means of the switch unit the logic interconnection structure can be reconfigured. This makes it possible to reconfigure the switching network in the event of a failure of a switching module or according to the load characteristic (video, voice, computer-computer communication). Further, a uniform switch unit can be used to meet different requirements ("flexible hardware").

Abstract translation: 描述了一种操作交换网络，交换网络和与这种交换网络的交换的方法。 交换网络由几个交换模块和这些交换模块之间的互连网络组成。 互连网络包括开关单元，并且根据逻辑互连结构互连开关模块。 开关单元简单，可通过全光学手段实现。 通过开关单元，逻辑互连结构可以重新配置。 这样就可以在交换模块出现故障或根据负载特性（视频，语音，计算机 - 计算机通信）等情况下重新配置交换网络。 此外，可以使用统一的开关单元来满足不同的要求（“灵活的硬件”）。

公开(公告)号：US5535366A

公开(公告)日：1996-07-09

申请号：US665788

申请日：1991-03-06

Applicant: Bodo Pfeiffer ,  Thomas Banniza ,  Bozo Cesar ,  Stefan Wahl ,  Klaus-Dieter Menk

Inventor： Bodo Pfeiffer ,  Thomas Banniza ,  Bozo Cesar ,  Stefan Wahl ,  Klaus-Dieter Menk

IPC: G06F13/00 ,  H04L12/56

CPC classification number: H04L12/5601 ,  H04L49/108

Abstract: A buffer or other communications resource in, e.g., an ATM switch element receives random data which is then used by different data sinks. After the data has been outputted to the data sinks, the communications resource (e.g., the memory locations of the buffer) are released, i.e., labeled as free again. However, a resource which is not marked as free as a result of an error (whether erroneously the data is not retrieved or whether the release procedure is erroneous) remains blocked. To avoid permanent blockage of those memory locations whose contents have been in the buffer so long that they definitely (or at least very likely) should have been called for, information on the time of entry is stored together with the data. All memory locations are checked at regular intervals for the age of their contents. Upon attainment of a predetermined age, the location is labeled as free.

Abstract translation: 例如ATM交换单元中的缓冲器或其他通信资源接收随后的数据，然后由不同的数据宿使用。 在将数据输出到数据接收器之后，通信资源（例如，缓冲器的存储器位置）被释放，即再标记为空闲。 然而，由于错误而不被标记为空闲的资源（无论数据是否被检索是错误还是释放过程都是错误的）仍然被阻止。 为了避免永久性地阻止其内容已经在缓冲区中的那些内存位置被肯定地（或至少很可能）应该被调用的内存位置，输入时的信息与数据一起存储。 对于其内容的年龄，定期检查所有记忆位置。 在达到预定年龄后，该位置被标记为空闲。

公开(公告)号：US5210743A

公开(公告)日：1993-05-11

申请号：US668993

申请日：1991-03-12

Applicant: Gert Eilenberger ,  Karl Schrodi ,  Bodo Pfeiffer ,  Jean-Michel Delmas

Inventor： Gert Eilenberger ,  Karl Schrodi ,  Bodo Pfeiffer ,  Jean-Michel Delmas

IPC: H04L12/56

CPC classification number: H04L49/15 ,  H04L49/10 ,  H04L49/201 ,  H04L49/25 ,  H04L49/103 ,  H04L49/1523 ,  H04L49/30

Abstract: A switching element with a plurality of operating modes, in particular for switching asynchronous time-division multiplexed packets, comprises inputs, outputs, a selective retransmission device for retransmitting a packet received on one input to one or more outputs on the basis of routing data associated with the packet, and a retransmission control device determining the mode of operation of the retransmission device. The retransmission control device comprises a direct routing device adapted to receive from the label of a packet received on one input a destination indication and to decode it into an output identifier corresponding to one output at least in order to retransmit the packet to an output designated by the identifier. It additionally comprises a translated routing device adapted to receive from the label of a packet received on one input a reference number and to translate it using a translation memory into one or more output identifiers each corresponding to at least one output for retransmitting the packet to one output for each output identifier designated by the identifier. It additionally comprises a routing mode selector device adapted to receive from the label of a packet received on one input routing mode data and adapted to command selectively according to the data the use of a selected routing device which may be one of the above-mentioned routing devices. The routing mode selector device commands alternately the use of at least one predetermined non-selective routing mode according to the routing mode data contained in the label of a received packet.

Abstract translation: 具有多种操作模式的开关元件，特别是用于切换异步时分多路复用分组的开关元件包括输入，输出，选择性重传设备，用于基于与相关联的路由数据相关联的在一个输入上接收到的分组重传到一个或多个输出 以及确定重发装置的操作模式的重传控制装置。 重发控制装置包括直接路由装置，其适于从一个输入上接收到的分组的标签接收目的地指示，并将其解码为至少一个输出对应的输出标识符，以便将分组重新发送到由 标识符。 它还包括翻译的路由设备，其适于从一个输入上接收到的分组的标签接收参考号，并且使用翻译存储器将其翻译成一个或多个输出标识符，每个输出标识符对应于至少一个输出，用于将分组重传到一个 输出由标识符指定的每个输出标识符。 它还包括路由模式选择器装置，其适于从一个输入路由模式数据上接收到的分组的标签接收并适于根据数据选择性地命令选择的路由设备的使用，所述路由设备可以是上述路由之一 设备。 路由模式选择器设备根据包含在接收到的分组的标签中的路由模式数据交替地命令使用至少一个预定的非选择性路由模式。

公开(公告)号：US5202885A

公开(公告)日：1993-04-13

申请号：US668160

申请日：1991-03-12

Applicant: Karl Schrodi ,  Gert Eilenberger ,  Bodo Pfeiffer ,  Bozo Cesar

Inventor： Karl Schrodi ,  Gert Eilenberger ,  Bodo Pfeiffer ,  Bozo Cesar

IPC: H04Q3/00 ,  H04L12/18

CPC classification number: H04L12/18

Abstract: In practice, switching is a continuously changing mixture of point-to-point connections, point-to-multipoint connections with low fanout, and point-to-multipoint connections with high fanout. The switching elements of a switch optimized for point-to-point connections are additionally enabled to copy a few input signals for an arbitrary number of outputs, so that a very large number of copies is attainable for few input signals. This switch is supplemented by a copy switch which serves exclusively to make limited numbers of copies for a large number of input signals, which are then switched in the (group) switch as point-to-point connections. Point-to-point connections are operated as connectionless connections, but outside the switch act as virtual connections. Point-to-multipoint connections are operated as virtual connections (connection-oriented) by means of connection tables.

Abstract translation: 实际上，切换是点对点连接，具有低扇出输出的点对多点连接以及具有高扇出输出的点对多点连接的不断变化的混合。 针对点对点连接优化的开关的开关元件还允许复制用于任意数量的输出的几个输入信号，使得对于少数输入信号可以获得非常大量的拷贝。 该开关由复制开关补充，复制开关专门为大量输入信号进行有限数量的复制，然后在（组）开关中切换为点对点连接。 点对点连接作为无连接连接运行，但交换机外部作为虚拟连接。 点对多点连接通过连接表作为虚拟连接（面向连接）运行。

公开(公告)号：US5319360A

公开(公告)日：1994-06-07

申请号：US668632

申请日：1991-03-13

Applicant: Karl Schrodi ,  Gert Eilenberger ,  Bodo Pfeiffer ,  Bozo Cesar

Inventor： Karl Schrodi ,  Gert Eilenberger ,  Bodo Pfeiffer ,  Bozo Cesar

IPC: H04Q3/52 ,  H04L12/54 ,  H04L12/70 ,  H04Q11/04

CPC classification number: H04L12/5601 ,  H04L2012/565 ,  H04L2012/5681

Abstract: Prior Art/Technical Problem: During the establishment of a call through a switching network 20, the path is selected on the basis of the instantaneous loading of the switching network and maintained during the call. The problem of eliminating local blocking by rearranging existing connections has not been satisfactorily solved because of errors occurring during the rearranging process.Basic Idea: Provide in an ATM exchange operating with virtual connections the same devices which assure the correct order of the cells in the "connectionless" mode.Solution: Each output of the switching network is followed by an output unit 30 which ensures that the cells are output in the correct order.Advantage(s): Virtual connections can be adapted to the instantaneous loading of the switching network error-free at any time. The assurance of the correct order can be implemented so as to largely compensate for delay jitter.

Abstract translation: 现有技术/技术问题：在通过交换网络20建立呼叫期间，基于交换网络的瞬时负载并在呼叫期间维护路径。 由于在重新布置过程中发生错误，消除了重新排列现有连接的局部阻塞问题并没有得到令人满意的解决。 基本思想：在ATM交换机中提供操作虚拟连接的相同设备，以确保“无连接”模式下单元的正确顺序。 解决方案：交换网络的每个输出后跟一个输出单元30，确保以正确的顺序输出单元。 优点：虚拟连接可以随时适应瞬时负载交换网络的无错误。 可以实现正确顺序的保证，以便大大补偿延迟抖动。

公开(公告)号：US5173897A

公开(公告)日：1992-12-22

申请号：US630268

申请日：1990-12-19

Applicant: Karl Schrodi ,  Gert Eilenberger ,  Stefan Wahl ,  Bodo Pfeiffer ,  Bozo Cesar

Inventor： Karl Schrodi ,  Gert Eilenberger ,  Stefan Wahl ,  Bodo Pfeiffer ,  Bozo Cesar

IPC: G06F13/00 ,  H04L12/70 ,  H04L12/935

CPC classification number: H04L49/3027 ,  H04L2012/565

Abstract: To be able to load an ATM switching network as efficiently as possible, the successive cells of one and the same connection are routed to the output by as many different paths as possible; however, mutual overtaking of successive cells must be avoided or corrected. Each cell is held at the output until it is certain that no older cell can be buffered in the switching network. Before the cell is passed on, a check is made to determine whether the cells received from the switching network later include an older cell which must be passed on before that cell. At the input end, consecutive numbers ("Sequence Numbers") are allocated to the cells. A buffer (1) at the output end is operated, at least in part (1 . . . d), in the manner of a shift register, thereby introducing a predetermined delay. Prior to the output of a cell, at least the shift-register-like portion of the buffer is examined as to whether a cell written in later is to be put out earlier: if so, the two cells are interchanged.

Abstract translation: 为了能够尽可能高效地加载ATM交换网络，同一连接的连续小区通过尽可能多的不同路径被路由到输出; 然而，必须避免或纠正连续单元的相互超越。 每个单元被保持在输出端，直到确定没有较旧的单元可以在交换网络中缓冲。 在传输小区之前，进行检查以确定从交换网络接收的小区是否包括在该小区之前必须传递的较旧的小区。 在输入端，连续的数字（“序列号”）被分配给单元。 输出端的缓冲器（1）至少部分地（1·d）以移位寄存器的方式运行，从而引入预定的延迟。 在单元的输出之前，至少检查缓冲器的移位寄存器状部分，以便稍后写入的单元是否被提前：如果是，两个单元被互换。