公开(公告)号：US6160762A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-12

申请号：US98918

申请日：1998-06-17

申请人： John Luscombe ,  Gary J. Craig ,  John L. Maida, Jr. ,  Louis W. Erath ,  Malcolm Paul Varnham ,  Ed Kluth

发明人： John Luscombe ,  Gary J. Craig ,  John L. Maida, Jr. ,  Louis W. Erath ,  Malcolm Paul Varnham ,  Ed Kluth

IPC分类号： G01H9/00 ,  G01L11/02 ,  G01L23/16 ,  G01P15/093 ,  G01V1/18 ,  H04R1/02

CPC分类号： G01V1/186 ,  G01H9/004 ,  G01L11/025 ,  G01L23/16 ,  G01P15/093 ,  G01V1/181

摘要： An element that is sensitive to a pressure or acceleration signal comprises an optical element capable of changing its index of refraction and/or path length in response to a time varying pressure or in response to acceleration and a pliant mounting member supporting the optical element. The mounting member changes its geometrical configuration in response to the time varying pressure or acceleration. Some embodiments of the invention use a mechanical amplifier to achieve the needed sensitivity.

摘要翻译： 对压力或加速度信号敏感的元件包括能够响应于时变压力或响应于加速度而改变其折射率和/或路径长度的光学元件以及支撑光学元件的柔性安装构件。 响应时变压力或加速度，安装构件改变其几何构型。 本发明的一些实施例使用机械放大器来实现所需的灵敏度。

公开(公告)号：US6008898A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-28

申请号：US637872

申请日：1996-04-25

申请人： Norbert Furstenau ,  Werner Jungbluth

发明人： Norbert Furstenau ,  Werner Jungbluth

IPC分类号： G01B9/02 ,  G01D5/26 ,  G01H9/00 ,  G01J3/26 ,  G01J9/02 ,  G01P15/093

CPC分类号： G01D5/268 ,  G01H9/004 ,  G01P15/093 ,  G01J3/26 ,  G01J9/02

摘要： An arrangement for measuring acceleration and vibration employs a fiber-optic interferometer comprising a monomode optical fiber through which light is guided and, having exited the fiber, is then reflected back therethrough, the exit end of the fiber being capable of transverse vibrations.

摘要翻译： 用于测量加速度和振动的装置采用包括光引导的单模光纤的光纤干涉仪，并且已经退出光纤然后从其反射回来，光纤的出射端能够进行横向振动。

公开(公告)号：US6005241A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-21

申请号：US957470

申请日：1997-10-24

申请人： Gerald Arthur Doty ,  Richard M. Grabowski ,  Erick Michael Anderson ,  Mark Lynn Wilsey

发明人： Gerald Arthur Doty ,  Richard M. Grabowski ,  Erick Michael Anderson ,  Mark Lynn Wilsey

IPC分类号： B60R22/343 ,  G01P15/093 ,  G01P15/135 ,  G01D5/30

CPC分类号： G01P15/093 ,  B60R22/343 ,  G01P15/135

摘要： A seat belt restraint system is provided including a retractor and an optical inertia sensor therefor. The optical inertia has a sensor body with a light emitter and detector recessed in bores therein. A frame support having inclined walls with a base opening at the bottom of the walls support an inertia ball so that it is positioned at the opening to reflect light from the emitter to the detector when vehicle accelerations are within a predetermined range. The inertia sensor is incorporated into circuitry which controls a locking mechanism, e.g. solenoid, at the retractor so that when the detector is sensing light, the retractor stays unlocked. During excessive vehicle acceleration, such as brought on during accident conditions, the ball will roll along the wall so it no longer reflects light from the emitter breaking optical communication between the emitter and detector and locking the retractor. The optical inertia sensor is advantageous in that it uses very few moving parts in contrast to mechanical remote sensors and avoids the reliability problems faced by switch contacts in prior inertia sensors. In addition, the sensor body including the emitter and detector is a commercially available portion of the sensor which utilizes well proven optical components for good reliability in sensor operation and lower costs in fabricating the present sensor.

摘要翻译： 提供一种安全带约束系统，其包括牵开器和用于其的光学惯性传感器。 光学惯性具有传感器本体，其中具有光发射器和检测器凹入其中。 具有在壁的底部具有基部开口的倾斜壁的框架支撑件支撑惯性球，使得当车辆加速度在预定范围内时，其被定位在开口处以将来自发射器的光反射到检测器。 惯性传感器被结合到控制锁定机构的电路中，例如， 螺线管，在收缩器处，使得当检测器感测到光时，牵开器保持解锁。 在过度的车辆加速过程中，例如在事故状态期间引起的，球会沿着墙壁滚动，使得它不再反射来自发射器的发光器破坏发射器和检测器之间的光通信并锁定牵开器。 光学惯性传感器的优点在于它与机械遥控传感器相比使用非常少的移动部件，并避免了现有惯性传感器中开关触点所面临的可靠性问题。 此外，包括发射器和检测器的传感器主体是传感器的市售部分，其利用经验证的光学部件，以在传感器操作中具有良好的可靠性并且在制造本传感器时降低成本。

公开(公告)号：US5892860A

公开(公告)日：1999-04-06

申请号：US786704

申请日：1997-01-21

申请人： Robert J. Maron ,  Alan D. Kersey

发明人： Robert J. Maron ,  Alan D. Kersey

IPC分类号： G01D5/353 ,  G01K5/52 ,  G01P15/093 ,  G02B6/00

CPC分类号： G01L11/02 ,  G01D5/35383 ,  G01K5/52 ,  G01P15/093

摘要： A sensor capable of measuring a number of physical parameters in a harsh environment includes a plurality of intrinsic fiber optic sensor elements formed within a core of an optical fiber, the optical fiber being disposed within a capillary tube made of a high strength, corrosion resistant material. The sensor is located at a distal end of the capillary tube, and the capillary tube is mounted in a monitoring location, such as mounted to the casing of an electrically submersible pump (ESP), such that the sensor can be utilized to measure physical parameters, including static and dynamic pressure, temperature, acceleration and acoustic signals, at the monitoring location. Each sensor is constructed such that a reference element, such as a rigid element, isolates a reference location in the optical fiber from mechanically induced strain. A Bragg grating sensing element is positioned with respect to the reference element, and responsive to an optical signal and to a strain associated with a respective measurand field for providing an optical sensing signal related to a magnitude of the respective measurand field.

摘要翻译： 能够在恶劣环境下测量物理参数的传感器包括形成在光纤芯中的多个本征光纤传感器元件，该光纤设置在由高强度耐腐蚀材料制成的毛细管内 。 传感器位于毛细管的远端，并且毛细管安装在监测位置，例如安装在电潜泵（ESP）的壳体上，使得传感器可用于测量物理参数 ，包括静态和动态压力，温度，加速度和声学信号。 每个传感器被构造成使得诸如刚性元件的参考元件将光纤中的参考位置与机械感应应变隔离开。 布拉格光栅感测元件相对于参考元件定位，并且响应于光学信号和与相应被测场相关联的应变，以提供与相应被测场的幅度相关的光学感测信号。

公开(公告)号：US5689107A

公开(公告)日：1997-11-18

申请号：US522877

申请日：1995-09-01

申请人： Tsung-Yuan Hsu

发明人： Tsung-Yuan Hsu

IPC分类号： G01D5/30 ,  G01L1/24 ,  G01L9/00 ,  G01L23/16 ,  G01P15/093 ,  G01D5/34

CPC分类号： G01L1/24 ,  G01D5/30 ,  G01L23/16 ,  G01L9/0077 ,  G01P15/093

摘要： An opto-electronic accelerometer and pressure sensor formed on a substrate are disclosed. The sensor includes a light source and a plurality of light detectors exposed on a semiconductor substrate. A cantilever beam extends over the substrate. The cantilever beam is positioned such that it reflects light from the light source as an applied force urges the cantilever beam to deflect relative to the plurality of light detectors. Acceleration or pressure can be determined by the slope change of the cantilever beam and is computed by taking the ratio of illumination between corresponding light detectors. In an alternative embodiment, the cantilever beam includes a proof mass. In a further embodiment, a pressure sensor is coupled with a linkage rod which is connected to the cantilever beam and then connected to a diaphragm which is displaced as a pressure is applied. In another embodiment, a diaphragm extends over a substrate, and pressure is measured as a function of the change in the diaphragm curvature as the diaphragm reflects light from the light source to deflect relative to a plurality of light detectors. The sensor further includes an electronic signal processing chip to calculate acceleration and pressure.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种形成在基板上的光电加速计和压力传感器。 传感器包括曝光在半导体衬底上的光源和多个光检测器。 悬臂梁延伸到基板上。 定位悬臂梁使得其反射来自光源的光，因为施加的力促使悬臂梁相对于多个光检测器偏转。 加速度或压力可以通过悬臂梁的斜率变化来确定，并通过取相应的光检测器之间的照度比来计算。 在替代实施例中，悬臂梁包括检验质量块。 在另一个实施例中，压力传感器与连接杆连接，连杆与悬臂梁连接，然后连接到在施加压力时被移位的隔膜。 在另一个实施例中，隔膜在衬底上延伸，并且当光阑反射来自光源的光线相对于多个光检测器偏转时，测量作为光阑曲率变化的函数的压力。 该传感器还包括一个计算加速度和压力的电子信号处理芯片。

公开(公告)号：US5633960A

公开(公告)日：1997-05-27

申请号：US719918

申请日：1996-09-25

申请人： Nicholas Lagakos ,  Joseph A. Bucaro

发明人： Nicholas Lagakos ,  Joseph A. Bucaro

IPC分类号： G01H9/00 ,  G01P15/093 ,  G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/036 ,  G02B6/36 ,  G02B6/00

CPC分类号： G01H9/00 ,  G01H9/004 ,  G01P15/093 ,  G02B6/02395 ,  G02B6/3624 ,  G02B6/3608

摘要： An optical fiber which includes a light transmitting center portion, a prcting layer and a stress preventing layer. The protecting layer concentrically surrounds the center portion and the stress preventing layer concentrically surrounds the center portion and is positioned between the protecting layer and the center portion. The stress preventing layer has a Young's Modulus substantially lower than the Young's Modulus of the protecting layer. The optical fiber can be used in a sensor, wherein the sensor includes an encapsulant and the fiber is embedded in the encapsulant. The embedded fiber is arranged in a pancaked spiral configuration in the encapsulant. Alternatively, the embedded fiber can be arranged to form a plurality of sequential loops. The plurality of sequential loops are then arranged in the same plane as a spiral, where each of the plurality of sequential loops are perpendicular to the plane. A decoupler is also provided for attaching the sensor to a structure, to reduce stretching motion affecting the sensor.

摘要翻译： 一种光纤，其包括透光中心部分，保护层和应力防止层。 保护层同心地围绕中心部分并且应力防止层同心地围绕中心部分并且位于保护层和中心部分之间。 应力防止层的杨氏模量基本上低于保护层的杨氏模量。 光纤可以用在传感器中，其中传感器包括密封剂，并且光纤嵌入密封剂中。 嵌入式光纤在密封剂中以扁平螺旋形配置。 或者，嵌入式光纤可以被布置成形成多个顺序环路。 然后，多个顺序环路布置在与螺旋相同的平面中，其中多个顺序环路中的每一个垂直于该平面。 还提供了用于将传感器附接到结构上的解耦器，以减少影响传感器的伸展运动。

公开(公告)号：US5524489A

公开(公告)日：1996-06-11

申请号：US198867

申请日：1994-02-18

申请人： Robert D. Twigg

发明人： Robert D. Twigg

IPC分类号： B60T8/171 ,  G01P1/12 ,  G01P15/08 ,  G01P15/093 ,  G01P15/105 ,  G01P15/18 ,  G01V1/18

CPC分类号： B60T8/171 ,  G01P1/127 ,  G01P15/08 ,  G01P15/093 ,  G01P15/105 ,  G01P15/18 ,  G01V1/18

摘要： A floating mass accelerometer having a plurality of curved elastic members tangentially contacting a mass that is supported by a low friction surface is disclosed. Proximity sensors are located adjacent the mass and provide an output based upon the distance between the sensor and the mass as regulated by the degree of elastic member compression or extension. Acceleration forces acting upon the mass cause the mass to move in response thereto, thereby causing deflection of at least one elastic member. The change in distance between the mass and at least one proximity sensor is relayed to a digital signal processor which processes the acceleration information and sends this information to a display and/or memory unit. In a preferred embodiment, a two axis accelerometer is disclosed wherein acceleration values greater than a predetermined level are stored in memory and may be recalled later to provide an indication as to acceleration forces encountered by the device. Alternative embodiments provide for an pre-impact monitor wherein a buffer holds acceleration information for the last time period; a shipping monitor wherein acceleration forces are time-tagged for later retrieval; a seismic monitor with an optional output relay capable of remote operations.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种浮动质量加速度计，其具有与由低摩擦表面支撑的质量块切向接触的多个弯曲弹性构件。 接近传感器位于质量块附近，并根据弹性构件压缩或伸展程度来调节传感器和质量之间的距离，并提供输出。 作用在质量上的加速力使质量响应于此移动，从而引起至少一个弹性构件的偏转。 将质量与至少一个接近传感器之间的距离变化中继到处理加速度信息的数字信号处理器，并将该信息发送到显示和/或存储单元。 在优选实施例中，公开了一种双轴加速度计，其中大于预定水平的加速度值被存储在存储器中，并且可以稍后调用以提供关于装置遇到的加速力的指示。 替代实施例提供一种预冲击监视器，其中缓冲器保持最后时间段的加速度信息; 运送监视器，其中加速力被时间标记以供稍后检索; 具有可选远程操作的输出继电器的地震监视器。

公开(公告)号：US5430334A

公开(公告)日：1995-07-04

申请号：US950315

申请日：1992-09-24

申请人： Jack B. Meister

发明人： Jack B. Meister

IPC分类号： B60R21/16 ,  B60R21/01 ,  G01P15/08 ,  G01P15/093 ,  G01P15/105 ,  G01P15/11 ,  G01P15/135 ,  G01P21/00 ,  H01H35/14 ,  B60R21/32

CPC分类号： B60R21/0132 ,  G01P15/093 ,  G01P15/105 ,  G01P15/11 ,  G01P15/135 ,  G01P21/00 ,  H01H35/14 ,  H01H35/147

摘要： A vehicle restraint system that includes an impact sensor coupled by fiber optics to an igniter for inflating an air bag. The impact sensor includes a permanent magnet disposed within a cavity and biased by magnetic force toward one end of the cavity, motion of the magnet in the cavity being sensed by a weigand wire or Hall sensor for igniting the air bag. Facility is disposed externally of the cavity for selectively adjusting the bias of the sensor and/or moving the magnet into proximity with the Hall effect or weigand wire sensor to test operative condition of the sensor.

摘要翻译： 一种车辆约束系统，其包括通过光纤耦合到点火器以将气囊充气的冲击传感器。 冲击传感器包括设置在空腔内的永磁体，并且通过磁力朝向空腔的一端偏置，磁体在空腔中的运动由用于点燃气囊的微量线或霍尔传感器感测。 设备设置在空腔的外部，用于选择性地调节传感器的偏压和/或将磁体移动到靠近霍尔效应或微距线传感器以测试传感器的操作状态。

公开(公告)号：US5428996A

公开(公告)日：1995-07-04

申请号：US185466

申请日：1994-01-24

申请人： Henry C. Abbink ,  James W. Engel ,  Dean H. Lodwig ,  Robert E. Stewart

发明人： Henry C. Abbink ,  James W. Engel ,  Dean H. Lodwig ,  Robert E. Stewart

IPC分类号： G01P15/08 ,  G01P15/093 ,  G01P15/13 ,  G01C1/00

CPC分类号： G01P15/132 ,  G01P15/0802 ,  G01P15/093

摘要： An integrated accelerometer includes hinges of silicon composition for securing the strut legs of a pendulous mass to the accelerometer body. Both the body of the accelerometer and the pendulous mass are of metal-coated compositions. Metallized pads are provided on selected surfaces of the hinges for forming eutectic bonds with the body and struts of the pendulous mass of the accelerometer. A heavily-doped continuous region adjacent the surface of the hinge connects the eutectic bonds through a flexure region of reduced thickness to complete necessary device circuitry.

摘要翻译： 集成加速度计包括硅组合物的铰链，用于将下摆质量的支柱固定到加速度计主体。 加速度计的主体和下摆质量均为金属涂层组合物。 在铰链的选定表面上提供金属化焊盘，用于与加速度计的下摆质量的主体和支柱形成共晶接合。 与铰链表面相邻的重掺杂连续区域通过厚度较小的挠曲区域连接共晶键，从而完成必要的器件电路。

公开(公告)号：US5329120A

公开(公告)日：1994-07-12

申请号：US617523

申请日：1990-11-23

申请人： Friedrich Drissler

发明人： Friedrich Drissler

IPC分类号： G01C9/06 ,  G01L1/04 ,  G01P15/03 ,  G01P15/093 ,  G01D5/34

CPC分类号： G01P15/093

摘要： In order to improve a sensor comprising an emitting element emitting a bundle of light rays in a direction of propagation, a receiving element receiving the bundle of light rays and having at least one receiving surface for the bundle of light rays, and an evaluating device generating an output signal of the sensor, such that exact determination of the deflection and the direction of deflection is possible, it is proposed that in each deflection position, a receiving surface be illuminated by only a partial bundle of rays of the bundle of light rays in the direction of deflection, that the receiving element generate for the receiving surface an integral intensity signal corresponding to the total intensity impinging upon this receiving surface and that the evaluating device detect the intensity signal and determine the deflection with a processor.

摘要翻译： 为了改进传感器，其包括在传播方向上发射一束光线的发射元件，接收光束束并具有至少一个光束束的接收表面的接收元件，以及产生 传感器的输出信号，使得偏转的精确确定和偏转方向是可能的，因此提出在每个偏转位置中，只有光束束的一部分光束照射在接收表面 接收元件为接收表面产生的偏转方向是对应于入射在该接收表面上的总强度的积分强度信号，并且评估装置检测强度信号并用处理器确定偏转。