公开(公告)号：US20020113229A1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-22

申请号：US09738793

申请日：2000-12-14

发明人： Alexandre Bratkovski ,  Xiao-An Zhang ,  R. Stanley Williams

IPC分类号： H01B001/00

CPC分类号： H01L51/006 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G02F1/15 ,  G02F1/174 ,  G11C13/02 ,  G11C13/04 ,  G11C13/041 ,  G11C2213/14 ,  G11C2213/77 ,  G11C2213/81 ,  H01L27/285 ,  H01L51/0055 ,  H01L51/0071 ,  H01L51/0595 ,  Y10S977/943

摘要： A route to the fabrication of electronic devices is provided, in which the devices consist of two crossed wires sandwiching an electrically addressable molecular species. The approach is extremely simple and inexpensive to implement, and scales from wire dimensions of several micrometers down to nanometer-scale dimensions. The electronic devices can be used to produce crossbar switch arrays, logic devices, memory devices, and communication and signal routing devices. The construction of molecular electronic devices is achieved on a length scale than can range from micrometers to nanometers via a straightforward and inexpensive chemical assembly procedure. The molecular switchable devices in the cross-bar geometry are configurable while the conformational change is controlled by intramolecular forces that are stronger than hydrogen bonding. The method of the present invention is directed to configuring an ensemble of molecular switches in a prescribed manner in cross-bar geometry and then making such configuration either substantially permanent or stable with respect to temperature fluctuations.

摘要翻译： 提供了制造电子器件的途径，其中器件由夹着电可寻址分子种类的两条交叉导线组成。 该方法实现起来非常简单和便宜，并且从几微米的线尺寸缩小到纳米级尺寸。 电子设备可用于产生交叉开关阵列，逻辑器件，存储器件以及通信和信号路由设备。 通过直接且廉价的化学组装程序，分子电子器件的结构可以通过从微米到纳米范围的长度尺度来实现。 横杆几何中的分子可切换装置是可配置的，而构象变化由比氢键更强的分子内力控制。 本发明的方法涉及以交叉条形几何形式以规定的方式配置分子开关的组合，然后使得这种配置相对于温度波动基本上是永久的或稳定的。

公开(公告)号：US20020075420A1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-20

申请号：US09932186

申请日：2001-08-17

发明人： Xiao-An Zhang ,  Alexandre Bratkovski ,  Yong Chen ,  R. Stanley Williams ,  Kent D. Vincent

IPC分类号： G02F001/136

CPC分类号： G11C13/0014 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  C09D11/03 ,  C09D11/50 ,  C09K9/02 ,  G02B26/026 ,  G02F1/15 ,  G02F1/17 ,  G02F1/174 ,  G11C13/02 ,  G11C13/04 ,  G11C23/00 ,  G11C2213/14 ,  G11C2213/77

摘要： An electric field activated molecular system, preferably bi-stable, configured within an electric field generated by a pair of electrodes is provided for use, e.g., as electronic ink or other visual displays. The molecular system has an electric field induced band gap change that occurs via a change (reversible or irreversible) of the extent of the electron conjugation via chemical bonding change to change the band gap, wherein in a first state, there is substantial conjugation throughout the molecular system, resulting in a relatively smaller band gap, and wherein in a second state, the substantial conjugation is destroyed, resulting in a relatively larger band gap. The changing of substantial conjugation may be accomplished in one of the following ways: (1) charge separation or recombination accompanied by increasing or decreasing electron localization in the molecule; or (2) change of substantial conjugation via charge separation or recombination and null-bond breaking or making. A primary advantage of the molecular system is improved contrast. Because the colorant of the present invention is molecular and thus effectively monoplanar, there should be no backside reflection or excessive scattering from the colorant. A second advantage of the present invention is improved resolution. Finally, each molecule of the present invention will latch to stabilize one or the other of its color states.

摘要翻译： 提供了在由一对电极产生的电场内配置的电场活化分子系统，优选双稳态，用于例如电子墨水或其它视觉显示器。 分子系统具有电场诱导的带隙变化，其通过经由化学键合改变的电子共轭程度的变化（可逆的或不可逆的）发生，以改变带隙，其中在第一状态下，在整个 分子系统，导致相对较小的带隙，并且其中在第二状态下，基本共轭被破坏，导致相对较大的带隙。 基本共轭的改变可以通过以下方式之一来实现：（1）伴随着分子中电子定位增加或减少的电荷分离或重组; 或（2）通过电荷分离或重组和π-π断裂或制备改变基本共轭。 分子系统的主要优点是对比度提高。 因为本发明的着色剂是分子的，因此有效地是单面的，所以不应该有着色剂的背面反射或过度的散射。 本发明的第二个优点是分辨率提高。 最后，本发明的每个分子将锁定以稳定其一个或多个其颜色状态。

公开(公告)号：US5018812A

公开(公告)日：1991-05-28

申请号：US430099

申请日：1989-10-30

申请人： Yoshimasa Fukuda

发明人： Yoshimasa Fukuda

IPC分类号： G02F1/01 ,  G02F1/17

CPC分类号： G02F1/174

摘要： An optical switching device having an organic thin film selectively enabling optical transmission and cut-off of infrared light of a predetermined wavelength by changing applied potential.

摘要翻译： 一种具有有机薄膜的光学开关装置，通过改变所施加的电位来选择性地实现预定波长的红外光的透光和截止。

公开(公告)号：US3979686A

公开(公告)日：1976-09-07

申请号：US611059

申请日：1975-09-08

申请人： Richard L. Abrams ,  Thomas A. Nussmeier

发明人： Richard L. Abrams ,  Thomas A. Nussmeier

IPC分类号： G02F1/17 ,  G02F2/00 ,  H04B10/158

CPC分类号： G02F2/00 ,  G02F1/174

摘要： A laser beam frequency modulation demodulator is disclosed utilizing the highly linear frequency versus voltage characteristic of the absorption resonance provided by a Stark-effect cell. An error signal, generated by dither modulation of the Stark-effect cell voltage, is fed back to the Stark-effect cell via a low-pass filter to cause the absorption resonance to track the instantaneous frequency of the laser beam. The feedback signal applied to the Stark-effect cell has an amplitude proportional to the frequency modulation on the laser beam.

摘要翻译： 公开了利用由斯塔克效应单元提供的吸收共振的高线性频率对电压特性的激光束频率调制解调器。 通过Stark效应单元电压的抖动调制产生的误差信号通过低通滤波器反馈到斯塔克效应单元，以使吸收共振跟踪激光束的瞬时频率。 施加到斯塔克效应单元的反馈信号具有与激光束上的频率调制成比例的幅度。

公开(公告)号：US3766498A

公开(公告)日：1973-10-16

申请号：US3766498D

申请日：1972-04-06

申请人： IBM

发明人： BREWER R ,  SHOEMAKER R

IPC分类号： G02F1/17 ,  H01S3/10

CPC分类号： G02F1/174 ,  G02F2203/26

摘要： Electromagnetic transient coherent effects such as photon echo and optical nutation are produced by directing cw laser radiation into a gaseous medium such as C13H3F and NH2D, contained in a Stark cell, and by applying Stark pulses which shift the molecular levels into resonance with the cw laser radiation. The effects lend themselves to applications in optical modulation, data communication, superradiance, spectroscopy, memory and pulse height to frequency conversion, among others.

摘要翻译： 通过将cw激光辐射引入到包含在Stark电池中的诸如C13H3F和NH2D之类的气体介质中，并通过施加将分子水平与cw激光器共振的斯塔克脉冲来产生电磁瞬态相干效应，例如光子回波和光学章动 辐射。 这些影响适用于光学调制，数据通信，超声，光谱，存储器和脉冲高度到频率转换等应用。

公开(公告)号：US3736046A

公开(公告)日：1973-05-29

申请号：US3736046D

申请日：1971-04-15

申请人： HONEYWELL INC

发明人： ZOOK J D

IPC分类号： G02F1/03 ,  G02F1/17 ,  G02F1/29 ,  G01D15/12 ,  G02F1/26

CPC分类号： G02F1/174 ,  G02F1/03 ,  G02F1/29

摘要： In a beam-addressed optical memory, the size of the focused light spot is electrically controlled to provide successively larger spot sizes for reading, writing and erasing. A body of material having electric field controllable optical properties which are capable of altering the intensity distribution or the wave front shape of the light beam is positioned between the light source and the focusing means. Electrodes controllably apply a non-uniform electric field to the body such that a nonuniform change in the intensity distribution or the wave front shape of the light beam occurs, thereby causing a change in the size of the focused light spot.

摘要翻译： 在光束寻址光学存储器中，聚焦光斑的尺寸被电控制，以提供用于读取，写入和擦除的连续较大的斑点尺寸。 具有能够改变光束的强度分布或波前形状的电场可控光学特性的材料体位于光源和聚焦装置之间。 电极可控地对身体施加不均匀的电场，使得发生光束的强度分布或波前形状的不均匀变化，从而引起聚焦光斑的尺寸的变化。

公开(公告)号：US3583788A

公开(公告)日：1971-06-08

申请号：US3583788D

申请日：1969-05-01

申请人： BENDIX CORP

发明人： LEE WALTER W ,  GENSER MILTON

IPC分类号： G02F1/17 ,  G02F1/36

CPC分类号： G02F1/174

摘要： A display device having a layer of semiconductive material with an optical absorption band whose edge shifts in the presence of a strong electric field. The layer of semiconductive material is subjected to an electric field that uniformly decreases in strength in one direction along the layer of semiconductive material. The strength of the electric field is changed to control transmission of light by the layer of semiconductive material to provide a lighted display. The light has a wavelength related to the edge of the optical absorption band of the semiconductive material.

公开(公告)号：US3215038A

公开(公告)日：1965-11-02

申请号：US15258461

申请日：1961-11-15

申请人： IBM

发明人： HELLER WILLIAM R ,  JUNJI KUMAMOTO ,  POWERS JR JOHN C

IPC分类号： G02F1/17

CPC分类号： G02F1/174

公开(公告)号：US20170299902A1

公开(公告)日：2017-10-19

申请号：US15321723

申请日：2016-11-10

申请人： ROCKLEY PHOTONICS LIMITED

发明人： Guomin YU ,  Hooman ABEDIASL ,  Damiana LEROSE ,  Kevin MASUDA ,  Andrea TRITA ,  Aaron ZILKIE

IPC分类号： G02F1/025 ,  G02F1/21 ,  G02B6/122 ,  G02B6/136 ,  G02B6/13 ,  G02F1/17 ,  G02B6/12

CPC分类号： G02F1/025 ,  G02B6/1228 ,  G02B6/131 ,  G02B6/136 ,  G02B2006/12097 ,  G02F1/015 ,  G02F1/174 ,  G02F1/21 ,  G02F2001/212

摘要： An optoelectronic component including a waveguide, the waveguide comprising an optically active region (OAR), the OAR having an upper and a lower surface; a lower doped region, wherein the lower doped region is located at and/or adjacent to at least a portion of a lower surface of the OAR, and extends laterally outwards from the OAR in a first direction; an upper doped region, wherein the upper doped region is located at and/or adjacent to at least a portion of an upper surface of the OAR, and extends laterally outwards from the OAR in a second direction; and an intrinsic region located between the lower doped region and the upper doped region.

公开(公告)号：US20170131578A1

公开(公告)日：2017-05-11

申请号：US15414590

申请日：2017-01-24

申请人： MELLANOX TECHNOLOGIES SILICON PHOTONICS INC.

发明人： Joan Fong ,  Wei Qian ,  Dazeng Feng ,  Mehdi Asghari

IPC分类号： G02F1/025 ,  G02B6/13

CPC分类号： G02F1/025 ,  G02B6/13 ,  G02B6/131 ,  G02F1/174 ,  G02F2001/0155 ,  G02F2001/0157 ,  G02F2201/12 ,  H01L31/1812

摘要： Forming an optical device includes growing an electro-absorption medium in a variety of different regions on a base of a device precursor. The regions include a component region and the regions are selected so as to achieve a particular chemical composition for the electro-absorption medium included in the component region. An optical component is formed on the device precursor such that the optical component includes at least a portion of the electro-absorption medium from the component region. Light signals are guided through the electro-absorption medium from the component region during operation of the component.