公开(公告)号：US4749871A

公开(公告)日：1988-06-07

申请号：US37889

申请日：1987-04-13

Applicant: Aaron A. Galvin ,  Douglas L. Mason ,  Kenneth J. Leff ,  John N. Schide ,  Ralph A. Giffone

Inventor： Aaron A. Galvin ,  Douglas L. Mason ,  Kenneth J. Leff ,  John N. Schide ,  Ralph A. Giffone

IPC: G08B17/103 ,  G08B29/14 ,  G08B17/10

CPC classification number: G08B17/103 ,  G08B29/145 ,  G08B17/113

Abstract: A modular transceiver head including cooperative cover and base members operable as a transmitter or as a receiver of infrared energy. A controller including a processor is coupled to a transceiver head pair respectively operative as a transmitter and as a receiver of infrared energy to controllably project a beam of infrared energy therebetween through a protected region. The controller is periodically operative in a self-test mode to reduce the intensity of the projected-beam to simulate a smoke condition. Plural alarm thresholds are operator selectable to provide enhanced confidence detection, and particularized signal indications are provided to readily and quickly identify possible alarm and trouble conditions.

Abstract translation: 一种模块化收发器头，包括可操作为发射器的合作盖和基座构件，或作为红外能量的接收器。 包括处理器的控制器耦合到分别用作发射器和作为红外能量的接收器的收发机头对，以可控地在其间通过保护区域投射红外能量束。 控制器在自检模式下周期性地操作，以减小投射光束的强度以模拟烟雾状况。 多个警报阈值是操作员可选择的，以提供增强的置信度检测，并且提供特定信号指示以容易且快速地识别可能的报警和故障条件。

公开(公告)号：US4695734A

公开(公告)日：1987-09-22

申请号：US703385

申请日：1985-02-20

Applicant: Hiroshi Honma ,  Junichi Narumiya

Inventor： Hiroshi Honma ,  Junichi Narumiya

IPC: H02H1/06 ,  A62C37/36 ,  A62C37/50 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/53 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/103 ,  G08B29/24 ,  G01N15/06

CPC classification number: G08B17/103 ,  G01N21/274 ,  G08B29/24 ,  G01N21/534 ,  G01N2201/0696

Abstract: A light emitting unit and a photo sensing unit are separately arranged to face with each other, and a pulse light is emitted from the light emitting unit at every constant period, and the photo sensing unit receives the pulse light attenuated by a smoke, thereby detecting a fire. When a power source is turned on, a microcomputer in the photo sensing unit stores the first photo sensing data as an initial photo sensing data in a memory. The initial photo sensing data is fixedly stored and held and is not erased due to a temporary cut off of the power source. The photo sensing data is converted to correction photo sensing data using a correction ratio to perform the fouling correction and the fire is discriminated on the basis of the correction photo sensing data. The correction ratio is corrected when the correction period reaches 50 minutes. A correction amount of a single correction ratio is suppressed to a microvalue. In correction of the correction ratio, it is increased or decreased by only a microvalue at every correction period until the photo sensing data coincides with the initial photo sensing data.

Abstract translation: 发光单元和感光单元分别布置成彼此面对，并且每个恒定周期从发光单元发射脉冲光，并且光感测单元接收被烟雾衰减的脉冲光，从而检测 一阵火 当电源接通时，感光单元中的微计算机将第一感光数据作为初始感光数据存储在存储器中。 初始的感光数据被固定地存储和保持，并且由于暂时切断电源而不被擦除。 使用校正比率将感光数据转换为校正光感测数据，以执行结垢校正，并且基于校正光感测数据来识别火焰。 当校正周期达到50分钟时校正比率被校正。 单个校正比率的校正量被抑制到微小值。 在校正比率的校正中，在每个校正周期仅增加或减小微值，直到感光数据与初始感光数据一致。

公开(公告)号：US4623788A

公开(公告)日：1986-11-18

申请号：US557684

申请日：1983-12-02

Applicant: Mark T. Kern ,  Steven E. Hodges

Inventor： Mark T. Kern ,  Steven E. Hodges

IPC: G01M11/00 ,  G02B6/00 ,  G08B17/02 ,  G08B17/103 ,  G08B17/12 ,  G08B29/14 ,  H01J5/16

CPC classification number: G08B17/12 ,  G08B29/145

Abstract: A fire detection system incorporating fiber optics and having a selectively energizable light source for applying light pulses to a fiber optics path and a one way light transmitting element, such as a dichroic mirror, at the remote end of the fiber optics path for reflecting the pulses back to the detection portion of the system, thus providing a Built In Test Equipment (BITE) test capability in the system. Instead of a dichroic mirror, a bandpass filter may be used as the light transmitting member. The bandpass filter is selected to transmit light with wavelengths in the range from about 1.3 to 1.5 microns, in which case the light source is a light emitting diode (LED) emitting light at a wavelength of approximately 0.9 microns. The fiber optics path includes a branch which is coupled to the light source. This branch may comprise one fiber of a multi-fiber bundle or it may be an auxiliary fiber of a commercially available fiber optics combiner.An overall system incorporates a plurality of these individual fire detection arrangements in conjunction with a BITE control stage and associated fire alarm. Any detected fire activates the fire alarm. However, the same fire detection signal, when the system is operated in the BITE test mode, is used by the BITE apparatus to detect failures in the system and identify the portion of the system experiencing the failure.

Abstract translation: 一种火光检测系统，其包括光纤并且具有用于向光纤路径施加光脉冲的选择性激励光源和在光纤路径的远端处的单向光传输元件（例如分色镜），用于反射脉冲 返回到系统的检测部分，从而在系统中提供内置测试设备（BITE）测试能力。 代替二向色镜，可以使用带通滤光器作为透光构件。 选择带通滤波器以透射波长在约1.3至1.5微米范围内的光，在这种情况下，光源是发射波长为约0.9微米的光的发光二极管（LED）。 光纤路径包括耦合到光源的分支。 该分支可以包括多纤维束的一个纤维，或者它可以是市售的光纤组合器的辅助纤维。 整个系统结合了与BITE控制级和相关联的火灾报警器相结合的多个这些单独的火灾探测装置。 任何检测到的火灾都会触发火灾报警器。 然而，当BITE测试模式下操作系统时，相同的火灾探测信号被BITE设备用于检测系统中的故障并识别遇到故障的系统部分。

公开(公告)号：US4594581A

公开(公告)日：1986-06-10

申请号：US572425

申请日：1984-01-10

Applicant: Kiyoshi Matoba

Inventor： Kiyoshi Matoba

IPC: G08B17/00 ,  G08B13/183 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/103 ,  G08B1/00

CPC classification number: G08B17/103 ,  G08B13/183

Abstract: An alarm system for serving notice of abnormalities such as fire, burglary or other malfunctions has extinction-type separated smoke detectors which detect smoke by exploiting the phenomenon that the intensity of a light beam emitted by a light transmitter toward a light receiver remote from the light transmitter undergoes attenuation due to the occurrence of smoke. The alarm system utilizes the light beam as a carrier for transmitting a signal indicative of an abnormality, thereby reducing the number of line conductors required for signal transmission in this kind of alarm system while signal transmission is rendered less susceptible to the influence of electromagnetic interference. The light transmitter is provided with a signal input circuit composed of an encoder and a serial-to-parallel conversion circuit for receiving the signal to be transmitted and a modulating circuit for modulating a current for driving the light transmitter with the output signal of the signal input circuit. The light receiver includes a demodulator circuit for detecting the modulated signal from the output signal of a photo-electric element and a signal output circuit composed of a serial-to-parallel conversion circuit and a decoder for restoring the signal for transmission from the output of the modulator circuit. When a plurality of these smoke detectors are connected in series, the abnormality alarm signal is transmitted through the light beams in each of the detectors to a receiver unit.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / JP83 / 00188 Sec。 371日期1984年1月10日 102（e）日期1984年1月10日PCT提交1983年6月7日PCT公布。 公开号WO83 / 04450 日期：1983年12月22日。用于提供火灾，入室盗窃或其他故障等异常通知的报警系统具有消光型分离式烟雾探测器，通过利用光发射器发射的光束的强度， 远离发射器的光接收器由于发生烟雾而经历衰减。 报警系统利用光束作为传送指示异常的信号的载体，从而减少了在这种报警系统中信号传输所需的线路导体数量，同时信号传输不易受到电磁干扰的影响。 光发射器设置有由编码器和用于接收要发射的信号的串并转换电路组成的信号输入电路，以及用于通过信号的输出信号调制用于驱动光发射器的电流的调制电路 输入电路。 光接收器包括用于从光电元件的输出信号中检测调制信号的解调器电路和由串并转换电路和解码器组成的信号输出电路，用于从 调制器电路。 当多个烟雾探测器串联连接时，异常报警信号通过每个检测器中的光束传输到接收器单元。

公开(公告)号：US4559453A

公开(公告)日：1985-12-17

申请号：US491707

申请日：1983-05-05

Applicant: Jurg Muggli ,  Martin Labhart

Inventor： Jurg Muggli ,  Martin Labhart

IPC: G01N21/59 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/103 ,  G08B29/04 ,  G01N21/00

CPC classification number: G08B17/103 ,  G08B29/043

Abstract: In a line extinction detector using a pulse-operated radiation source, a radiation receiver is connected to an input amplifier of an evaluation circuit. The output pulses generated by the input amplifier are compared to a reference voltage. Circuit elements having a time constant above one minute are provided to adjust either one of the voltage of the output pulses or the reference voltage such that their difference practically becomes zero. The output pulses of the input amplifier are further compared to an alarm threshold derived from the reference voltage and an alarm is triggered when the output signal falls below the alarm threshold value. The output pulses of the input amplifier are also compared to a disturbance threshold value and a disturbance signal is generated when the output signal drops below the disturbance threshold value. A further disturbance signal value is also triggered at preset limits for the compensating adjustment between the output signal of the input amplifier and the reference voltage. A device permits to change the ratio of the alarm threshold value and the reference voltage in order to adapt the sensitivity of the smoke detector to different distances between the radiation source and the radiation receiver.

Abstract translation: 在使用脉冲操作的辐射源的线路消光检测器中，辐射接收器连接到评估电路的输入放大器。 由输入放大器产生的输出脉冲与参考电压进行比较。 提供时间常数大于1分钟的电路元件，以调节输出脉冲的电压或参考电压中的任一个，使得其差值实际上变为零。 输入放大器的输出脉冲进一步与从参考电压导出的报警阈值进行比较，当输出信号低于报警阈值时触发报警。 输入放大器的输出脉冲也与干扰阈值进行比较，当输出信号下降到干扰阈值以下时，产生干扰信号。 输入放大器的输出信号与参考电压之间的补偿调整的预设限制也会触发进一步的干扰信号值。 设备允许改变报警阈值和参考电压的比率，以便将烟雾探测器的灵敏度适应于辐射源和辐射接收器之间的不同距离。

公开(公告)号：US4401978A

公开(公告)日：1983-08-30

申请号：US259373

申请日：1981-05-01

Applicant: Elias E. Solomon

Inventor： Elias E. Solomon

IPC: G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/103 ,  G08B17/11

CPC classification number: G08B17/11 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/103

Abstract: A combination optical and ionization detector for providing a more complete range of detection including detection of larger particles of combustion and smaller sub-micron particulates. Each detection channel (optical and ionization) may be independently calibrated and each has means such as an indicator light to identify which channel has alarmed. Each channel has detection circuitry for establishing both a pre-alarm condition and a full alarm condition. Differing alarm states are determined by the generation of audibly or visually distinguishable signals. For example a short signal may indicate a pre-alarm condition while a long, coded or modulated signal may indicate a full alarm condition. A further distinctive signal may indicate activation of two or more detectors. A supervisory channel may also be provided to detect, for example, circuit component failure. Preferably there is an adjustable delay period before either a pre-alarm or full alarm is signaled with the adjustable period being reset to zero if the alarm condition is interrupted.

Abstract translation: 用于提供更完整范围的检测的组合光学和电离检测器，包括检测较大的燃烧颗粒和较小的亚微米颗粒。 每个检测通道（光学和电离）可以被独立地校准，并且每个检测通道具有诸如指示灯的装置以识别哪个通道已经报警。 每个通道都有检测电路，用于建立预报警状态和完全报警条件。 不同的报警状态由可听或视觉上可区分的信号的产生决定。 例如，短信号可以指示预警状态，而长的编码或调制信号可以指示完整的报警条件。 另一个不同的信号可以指示两个或更多个检测器的激活。 还可以提供监控通道来检测例如电路部件故障。 优选地，在报警前或完全警报发出信号之前，如果报警条件被中断，则将可调节周期重置为零，则可能有延迟时间。

公开(公告)号：US4317113A

公开(公告)日：1982-02-23

申请号：US177250

申请日：1980-08-11

Applicant: Hiroshi Honma

Inventor： Hiroshi Honma

IPC: G01N21/59 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/103

CPC classification number: G08B17/103 ,  G01N21/274

Abstract: In a photoelectric smoke sensor which produces a fire alarm signal when an amount of attenuation of received light exceeds a predetermined level due to smoke flowing into a space between light emitting and light receiving devices, the level of a receiving light signal from the light receiving device is converted by a converting level control signal. An initial value of the receiving light signal is converted into a digital quantity which is stored in a memory circuit. The digital content of the memory circuit is then converted into an analog quantity. The analog quantity is then compared with the level-converted receiving signal to produce a fire alarm signal. The analog quantity and the level-converted receiving signal are compared with each other at a predetermined period to correct the converting level control signal when there is a difference between the analog quantity and the level-converted receiving signal as a result of the comparison. With such a scheme, a change of an amount of received light due to dust or dirt of an optical system of the smoke sensor is automatically corrected. When the level correction reaches a limit, an alarm is issued for inspection and maintenance of the sensor.

Abstract translation: 在由于烟雾流入发光器件和光接收器件之间的空间而导致的接收光的衰减量超过预定值时产生火灾报警信号的光电烟雾传感器中，来自光接收装置的接收光信号的电平 由转换电平控制信号转换。 接收光信号的初始值被转换成存储在存储电路中的数字量。 然后将存储器电路的数字内容转换成模拟量。 然后将模拟量与电平转换的接收信号进行比较，以产生火灾报警信号。 作为比较的结果，当模拟量和电平转换的接收信号之间存在差异时，以预定周期将模拟量和电平转换的接收信号彼此进行比较，以校正转换电平控制信号。 利用这种方案，自动校正由烟雾传感器的光学系统的灰尘或污垢引起的接收光量的变化。 当电平校正达到极限时，发出报警，用于检测和维护传感器。

公开(公告)号：US4219803A

公开(公告)日：1980-08-26

申请号：US919637

申请日：1978-06-27

Applicant: Katsutoshi Kuwabara ,  Mitsuo Horiuchi

Inventor： Katsutoshi Kuwabara ,  Mitsuo Horiuchi

IPC: G08B17/00 ,  G08B17/06 ,  G08B17/103 ,  G08B25/00 ,  G08B25/04 ,  G08B17/10 ,  H01H71/74

CPC classification number: G08B17/103 ,  G08B17/00

Abstract: A two-wire fire sensing and receiving system having a plurality of fire sensors connected in parallel in which;the difference in current level between a feeding electric current of a relatively small level for controlling the system and a sensing current of a relatively high level for causing the switching element of an alarm device to be conductive is reliably maintained to distinguish their current levels by restraining the current which tends to increase at the beginning of capacitor charging and at intermittent charging periods within the level of the feeding electric current without being affected by the fluctuation in power supply voltage.

Abstract translation: 一种具有并联连接的多个火灾传感器的双线式火灾感测和接收系统，其中： 可靠地保持用于控制系统的相对较小水平的馈电电流与用于使报警装置的开关元件导通的较高电平的感测电流之间的电流水平差异，以通过约束来区分其电流水平 电容器充电开始时的电流和供电电流的间歇充电期间的电流不受电源电压的波动的影响。

公开(公告)号：US4156816A

公开(公告)日：1979-05-29

申请号：US821742

申请日：1977-08-04

Applicant: Erik G. Lindgren

Inventor： Erik G. Lindgren

IPC: G08B17/103 ,  G01N21/26

CPC classification number: G08B17/103

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical fire-detector in which a radiation-emitting means is arranged to emit a beam of radiation and which has modulator means for the modulation of the beam of radiation in a phase-inverted relationship within a first and a second wavelength band, and a radiation-detecting means is arranged to receive the beam of radiation after it has passed through an intermediate air medium and includes first means for an individual measurement of intensity in the two wavelength bands and second means for the detection of such variations in the measured intensities which are representative for a fire.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种光学火灾检测器，其中辐射发射装置被布置成发射辐射束，并且具有调制装置，用于在第一和第二波长内以相位倒相的关系调制辐射束 并且放射线检测装置被布置成在辐射束通过中间空气介质之后接收辐射束，并且包括用于单独测量两个波长带中的强度的第一装置和用于检测这些变化的第二装置 测量的火焰代表的强度。

公开(公告)号：US4021792A

公开(公告)日：1977-05-03

申请号：US589420

申请日：1975-06-23

Applicant: Roy R. Ludt ,  Carl A. Eggert ,  John Skarman

Inventor： Roy R. Ludt ,  Carl A. Eggert ,  John Skarman

IPC: G08B17/103 ,  G08B17/107 ,  G08B17/10

CPC classification number: G08B17/107 ,  G08B17/103 ,  G08B17/113

Abstract: A smoke alarm having a smoke chamber with at least two inlet ports together with an array of louvered apertures and flue means to provide free access to the smoke chamber for smoke flowing in any direction within a hemispherical zone. A circuit employing photocells to measure smoke obscuration and reflection by means of an improved wheatstone bridge to sound a loud audible alarm. A relaxation oscillator coupled to a light source which is used for the optical portion of the smoke alarm. The oscillator produces an alarm to indicate failure of the light source, which alarm is distinguishable from the smoke alarm. A heat sink thermally coupled to the light source to induce filament vapors to condense on non-critical portions of the light source.

Abstract translation: 烟雾报警器具有烟室，具有至少两个入口端口以及百叶窗孔和烟道装置的阵列，以提供对烟室的自由通路，用于在半球形区域内的任何方向上流动的烟雾。 使用光电池的电路通过改进的惠斯通电桥来测量烟雾遮蔽和反射，以发出大声的报警。 耦合到用于烟雾报警器的光学部分的光源的张弛振荡器。 振荡器产生报警，指示光源的故障，该报警与烟雾报警器区分开。 散热器，其热耦合到光源以诱导细丝蒸气在光源的非关键部分上冷凝。