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41.发明授权Method and apparatus for reducing NO.sub.X emmissions from a multiple-intertube pulverized-coal burner 失效用于减少来自多管间粉煤燃烧器的NOX排出物的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5960723A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-05
申请号：US15836
申请日：1998-01-29
CPC分类号： F23K3/02 , F23C7/00 , F23M9/02 , F23C2201/20 , F23D2205/00 , F23K2201/103 , F23K2900/01041
摘要： A method and apparatus retrofitted to a multiple-intertube pulverized-coal burner to reduce NO.sub.x emissions of roof fired boilers. An internal two stage process controls the amount of secondary air which flows to the burner. The first stage includes a secondary air damper and air flow station to regulate the amount of air which flows into a windbox of the burner. A baffle plate assembly which includes a plurality of baffle plates further limits the amount of air which flows to the core of the burner for combustion of the fuel. The baffle plates create a pressure drop within the windbox which forces or diverts a quantity of air to the periphery of the burner. The second stage includes an outlet formed in the hot primary air duct, an air plenum which communicates therewith, and a plurality of interjectory air ports which correspond with the burners in number and position along a front wall of the boiler and which communicate with the air plenum. The interjectory air ports inject interjectory air into a combustion chamber of the boiler at a substantially 90 degree angle to the direction of a plurality of burner tips of each burner and supplies the balance of the required theoretical combustion air needed to complete combustion of the fuel. A plurality of probes measure the amount of primary air, secondary air and interjectory air and signal a command loop circuit to adjust the secondary air dampers and interjectory air ports accordingly.
摘要翻译： 改造为多管间粉煤燃烧器以减少屋顶燃烧锅炉的NOx排放的方法和装置。 内部两级过程控制流入燃烧器的二次空气量。 第一级包括二次空气阻尼器和空气流动站，以调节流入燃烧器的风箱中的空气量。 包括多个挡板的挡板组件进一步限制了流入燃烧器芯的空气量，用于燃烧燃料。 挡板在风箱内形成一个压力降，它将一定数量的空气推到燃烧器的外围。 第二级包括形成在热的主空气管道中的出口，与其连通的空气通风室，以及沿着锅炉前壁的数量和位置对应的燃烧器的多个相互连接的空气端口，并与空气连通 全会。 间隔空气端口将空间空气以与每个燃烧器的多个燃烧器尖端的方向成大致90度角的方式喷射到锅炉的燃烧室中，并提供燃料完全燃烧所需的理论燃烧空气的平衡。 多个探头测量一次空气，二次空气和空中空气的量，并且发出一个命令循环电路，以相应地调节二次空气阻尼器和插入空气端口。
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公开(公告)号：US5688115A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-18
申请号：US492409
申请日：1995-06-19
申请人： Gregory Lynn Johnson
发明人： Gregory Lynn Johnson
CPC分类号： F23L7/005 , F23C6/047 , F23C9/006 , F23C2201/20 , F23C2201/30 , F23C2900/06041 , F23C2900/09002 , Y02E20/344
摘要： A method is disclosed for reducing NOx pollutants in the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels in a two stage burner. A first stage of combustion is established and maintained passing a stream of combustion air and first stage products of combustion down a centerline of the burner to a second stage downstream therefrom. This second stage is established by arranging an array of fuel tips around the first stage burner, each fuel tip having a fuel jet with a nominal trajectory angled toward the burner centerline and an inert gas jet placed between the burner and the fuel jet which is angled to cross the trajectory of the fuel jet. Fuel is injected into the second stage of the burner through the fuel jet and the inert gas, e.g. steam, is injected through the inert gas jet such that it influences the trajectory of the fuel to a modified fuel trajectory which is moved away from the centerline of the burner. Controlling the injection of the inert gas as a function of the firing rate for the burner allows the modified fuel trajectory to be moved progressively outward from the centerline of the burner across a range of increasingly higher firing rates. This reduces NOx production by moving the introduction of second stage combustion to a cooler and less oxygen rich area of the furnace as the furnace is progressively fired to greater heat outputs. Another aspect of the present invention is a low NOx burner.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于在二级燃烧器中减少烃燃料燃烧中的NOx污染物的方法。 燃烧的第一阶段被建立并保持通过燃烧空气流和第一级燃烧产物沿着燃烧器的中心线向下游到第二级。 该第二阶段通过在第一级燃烧器周围布置燃料尖端阵列来建立，每个燃料末端具有燃料喷射，其具有朝向燃烧器中心线成角度的标称轨迹，以及位于燃烧器和燃料射流之间的惰性气体射流， 以穿过燃料喷射的轨迹。 燃料通过燃料射流和惰性气体例如燃料喷射到燃烧器的第二级中。 蒸汽通过惰性气体喷射被喷射，使得其将燃料的轨迹影响到远离燃烧器的中心线的改进的燃料轨迹。 控制作为燃烧器的燃烧速率的函数的惰性气体的注入允许改变的燃料轨迹从燃烧器的中心线逐渐向外移动到越来越高的燃烧速率的范围。 这通过将炉子逐渐燃烧成更大的热量输出而将第二阶段燃烧引入炉子的较低氧气区域来减少NOx产生。 本发明的另一方面是低NOx燃烧器。
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公开(公告)号：US5567141A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-22
申请号：US512956
申请日：1995-08-09
CPC分类号： F23D14/22 , F23D11/106 , F23D14/56 , F23D14/84 , F23L7/007 , F23M5/025 , F23C2201/20 , F23D2900/00006 , F23D2900/00013 , Y02E20/344
摘要： A method and apparatus for combustion of a liquid fuel and oxygen which produces a fishtail or fan-shaped flame configuration.
摘要翻译： 用于燃烧液体燃料和氧气的方法和装置，其产生鱼尾或扇形火焰构造。
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44.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5503548A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-02
申请号：US336530
申请日：1994-11-09
申请人： Heinz Franke , Ralf Hamberger , Michael Pfeuster
发明人： Heinz Franke , Ralf Hamberger , Michael Pfeuster
CPC分类号： F23D14/32 , F23C6/04 , F23C9/006 , F23D14/66 , F23D14/78 , F23C2201/20 , F23C2900/06041 , F23C2900/09002 , Y02E20/344 , Y02E20/348
摘要： The invention relates to a process and apparatus for reducing pollutant gas emissions in the combustion of fuel, which utilize oxygen or oxygen-enriched air while avoiding the resulting disadvantages of high flame temperature and low gas momentum resulting in high NO.sub.x emissions. The invention provides a process of burning fuel, which simultaneously injects two jets of heated oxidant gas such as recirculated furnace gases and mixing such recirculated furnace gases with the oxidant into the furnace.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于减少燃料燃烧中的污染物气体排放的方法和装置，其利用氧气或富氧空气，同时避免由此导致的高火焰温度和低气体动量的缺点，导致高的NOx排放。 本发明提供了一种燃烧燃料的方法，其同时喷射两股加热的氧化剂气体例如再循环的炉气，并将这种再循环的炉气与氧化剂混合到炉中。
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公开(公告)号：US5460512A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-24
申请号：US240936
申请日：1994-05-09
CPC分类号： F23C9/00 , F23C6/047 , F23D14/22 , F23D14/46 , F23C2201/20 , F23D2210/00
摘要： A low NO.sub.x burner includes a primary air and fuel discharge assembly which, in turn, includes a burner plate having a plurality of slots from which fuel gas jets and combustion air are discharged. The slots are arranged such that the width of the recirculation zones between adjacent slots substantially varies between the central region of the burner plate and its perimeter. With this construction, the local ignition patterns vary such that local oscillations of flame front occur at different frequencies so that vibrations are greatly dampened and resonance problems in the furnace minimized or eliminated. In applications where high excess air is not desirable, such as boiler applications, the burner is modified by providing a secondary fuel and flue gas injection assembly to form a two stage burner. In the preferred embodiment, the secondary injection assembly includes a plurality of discrete fuel and flue gas injection tubes arranged around the primary air and fuel gas discharge assembly. The secondary fuel and flue gases are directed radially inward and downstream from the burner plate so that they mix with the combustion air entering through the burner plate slots in a secondary combustion zone. The resulting delay in the combustion of the secondary fuel gas and the need for heating the flue gas lowers the overall combustion temperature, which in turn reduces the NO.sub.x formation in the second or downstream combustion zone.
摘要翻译： 低NOx燃烧器包括一次空气和燃料排出组件，该组件又包括具有多个狭缝的燃烧器板，燃料气体喷射和燃烧空气从该空腔排出。 槽被布置成使得相邻槽之间的再循环区的宽度在燃烧器板的中心区域和其周边之间基本上变化。 利用这种结构，局部点火模式变化，使得火焰前沿的局部振荡以不同的频率发生，使得振动被极大地衰减，并且炉中的共振问题最小化或消除。 在不需要高过量空气的应用中，例如锅炉应用，通过提供二次燃料和烟道气注入组件来改变燃烧器以形成两级燃烧器。 在优选实施例中，二次注射组件包括围绕一次空气和燃料气体排出组件布置的多个分立的燃料和烟道气注入管。 二次燃料和烟道气从燃烧器板的径向向内和向下引导，使得它们与在二次燃烧区中通过燃烧器板槽进入的燃烧空气混合。 二次燃料气体的燃烧所产生的延迟和对烟道气进行加热的需要降低了整个燃烧温度，这又降低了第二或下游燃烧区域中的NOx形成。
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公开(公告)号：US5415114A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-16
申请号：US114230
申请日：1993-10-27
CPC分类号： F23D1/02 , F23C2201/20
摘要： A burner flame stabilizer which circumferentially stages the air to form circumferentially-spaced fuel rich and fuel lean zones for lowering of NO.sub.x is described. A circumferential solid fuel stager is described, which operates with a fuel stabilizer to provide increased dwell time for coal particles volatilization in a recirculation zone established by the flame stabilizer. Various embodiments are described.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种燃烧器火焰稳定器，其周向地分级空气以形成周向间隔开的富燃料和用于降低NOx的燃料贫乏区域。 描述了一种圆周固体燃料分度器，其与燃料稳定器一起操作，以在由火焰稳定器建立的再循环区域中的煤颗粒挥发提供增加的驻留时间。 描述各种实施例。
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47.发明授权Staged air, low NOX burner with internal recuperative flue gas recirculation 失效分级空气，低NOX燃烧器，内部回热烟道气再循环
公开(公告)号：US5413477A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-09
申请号：US166449
申请日：1993-12-13
申请人： Donald P. Moreland
发明人： Donald P. Moreland
CPC分类号： G01R33/56 , F23C6/045 , F23C7/06 , F23C9/00 , G01R33/58 , F23C2201/20 , F23C2202/10 , F23C2900/06041 , F23C2900/09002 , F23L2900/15043 , Y02E20/348
摘要： A gas-fired burner incorporating an air driven jet pump for mixing air, fuel, and recirculated flue gas with reduced heat loss from the recirculated flue gas is disclosed. The burner is configured for the staged introduction of combustion air to provide a fuel-rich combustion zone and a fuel-lean combustion zone. Internal flue gas channels deliver cooled flue gas to the primary fuel-rich combustion zone. A valve assembly may be provided to control the flow of flue gas. Secondary air channels concentrically arranged within the flue gas channels deliver superheated, staged air to the secondary fuel-lean combustion zone. Heat is transferred from the hot flue gas to the counterflowing cooler secondary air. The burner achieves reduced NO.sub.x emission levels in high temperature applications which use preheated combustion air with no or minimal loss in thermal efficiency from flue gas recirculation.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种燃气燃烧器，其包括用于混合空气，燃料和再循环烟道气的空气驱动喷射泵，并且从再循环烟道气中减少热损失。 燃烧器构造成用于分级引入燃烧空气以提供富燃料燃烧区和贫燃燃烧区。 内部烟气通道将冷却的烟气输送到主燃料丰富的燃烧区。 可以提供阀组件来控制烟气的流动。 同时设置在烟气通道内的二次空气通道将过热的分级空气传送到二次燃料贫燃燃烧区。 热量从热烟气转移到逆流冷却器二次空气中。 燃烧器在高温应用中实现降低的NOx排放水平，其使用预热的燃烧空气，烟道气再循环没有或最小的热效率损失。
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48.发明授权Apparatus and method for reducing NO.sub.x, CO and hydrocarbon emissions when burning gaseous fuels 失效燃烧气体燃料时减少NOx，CO和碳氢化合物排放的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5407347A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-18
申请号：US188586
申请日：1994-01-27
申请人： Steven J. Bortz
发明人： Steven J. Bortz
CPC分类号： F23C6/045 , F23C7/004 , F23D14/02 , F23D14/24 , F23D17/002 , F23D23/00 , F23C2201/20 , F23C2202/30 , F23C2900/07001
摘要： A forced draft burner apparatus and method providing extremely low NO.sub.x, CO and hydrocarbon emissions, while maintaining the desirable features of a nozzle mix burner. This is accomplished by injecting the fuel gas in a position that would be typical for a nozzle mix burner, while generating such rapid mixing that, effectively, premixed conditions are created upstream of the ignition point.
摘要翻译： 强制通风燃烧器装置和方法提供极低的NOx，CO和碳氢化合物排放，同时保持喷嘴混合燃烧器的理想特征。 这通过将燃料气体喷射在喷嘴混合燃烧器典型的位置，同时产生这样的快速混合，从而在点火点上游产生有效的预混合条件来实现。
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公开(公告)号：US5310337A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-10
申请号：US68372
申请日：1993-05-27
CPC分类号： F23D14/46 , F23C6/047 , F23C9/00 , F23D14/22 , F23C2201/20 , F23D2210/00 , Y02E20/348
摘要： A low NO.sub.x burner includes a burner plate having a plurality of slots from which fuel gas jets and combustion air are discharged. A plurality of fuel tubes are aligned with the slots for discharging the fuel gas therethrough. The fuel tubes are spaced from the slots so that combustion air, provided by a wind box, also can flow through the slots. The fuel gas and combustion air are discharged at high velocity, thereby generating very high turbulence in the combustion chamber downstream from the burner. The slots are arranged such that the width of the recirculation zones between adjacent slots substantially varies between the central region of the burner plate and its perimeter. With this construction, the local ignition patterns vary such that local oscillations of flame front occur at different frequencies and are not synchronized so that vibrations are greatly dampened and resonance problems in the furnace minimized or eliminated. Preferably a gas nozzle is arranged at the center of the burner plate and is provided with fuel gas discharge ports to direct fuel gas in a direction tangential to the nozzle so as to induce gas exiting therefrom to swirl downstream from the burner plate. A spinner also is arranged around this central gas nozzle to cause combustion air channeled around the nozzle to swirl downstream from the nozzle. In this way, flame stability without air preheat is achieved with up to 110% excess air.
摘要翻译： 低NOx燃烧器包括具有多个槽的燃烧器板，燃料气体喷射和燃烧空气从该槽排出。 多个燃料管与用于排出燃料气体的槽对齐。 燃料管与槽间隔开，使得由风箱提供的燃烧空气也可以流过狭槽。 燃料气体和燃烧空气以高速排出，从而在燃烧器下游的燃烧室中产生非常高的湍流。 槽被布置成使得相邻槽之间的再循环区的宽度在燃烧器板的中心区域和其周边之间基本上变化。 利用这种结构，局部点火模式变化，使得火焰前沿的局部振荡发生在不同的频率处，并且不同步，使得振动被大大衰减，并且炉中的共振问题最小化或消除。 优选地，气体喷嘴布置在燃烧器板的中心处，并且设置有燃料气体排出口，以沿与喷嘴相切的方向引导燃料气体，以便从其喷出的气体从燃烧器板的下游旋转。 围绕该中心气体喷嘴设置旋转器，以使得围绕喷嘴引导的燃烧空气在喷嘴的下游旋转。 以这种方式，无空气预热的火焰稳定性达到高达110％的过量空气。
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公开(公告)号：US5299929A
公开(公告)日：1994-04-05
申请号：US23511
申请日：1993-02-26
申请人： Loo T. Yap
发明人： Loo T. Yap
CPC分类号： F23D14/22 , F23C6/045 , F23D14/32 , F23C2201/20 , F23D2900/00006 , F23D2900/00013
摘要： A burner for burning fuel in an oxidant having a fuel nozzle sandwiched between upper and lower oxidant nozzles. The fuel nozzle and upper and lower oxidant nozzles produce fuel and oxidant jets of outwardly divergent, fan-shaped configuration to provide a wide uniform flame and thus the elimination of hot spots. Upper and lower secondary oxidant nozzles can be provided in staged combustion such that fuel is burned and oxidant supplied by the upper and lower oxidant nozzle means in the substoichiometric ratio and then combustion is completed by oxidant supplied by the secondary upper and lower oxidant nozzles. In another aspect, a nozzle is provided in which a passageway is divided in a lengthwise direction and thus the flow of oxidant flowing through the passageway is divided into a plurality of subflows of equal velocity and of gradually divergent configuration to prevent the decay of a fan-shaped flow of oxidant from the nozzle.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在氧化剂中燃烧燃料的燃烧器，其具有夹在上氧化剂喷嘴和下氧化剂喷嘴之间的燃料喷嘴。 燃料喷嘴和上下氧化剂喷嘴产生向外发散的扇形构造的燃料和氧化剂射流，以提供宽均匀的火焰，从而消除热点。 可以在分段燃烧中提供上部和第二个次级氧化剂喷嘴，使得燃料被燃烧，并且由上部和下部氧化剂喷嘴装置以亚化学计量比供给氧化剂，然后通过由上部和第二个氧化剂喷嘴提供的氧化剂完成燃烧。 在另一方面，提供了一种喷嘴，其中通道在长度方向上分开，因此流过通道的氧化剂流被分成多个相等速度和逐渐发散构型的子流，以防止风扇衰减 从喷嘴形成氧化剂流。
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