公开(公告)号：US20090113070A1

公开(公告)日：2009-04-30

申请号：US11955971

申请日：2007-12-13

Applicant: Rishi Mehta ,  Sriganesh Kini ,  Peter Arberg

Inventor： Rishi Mehta ,  Sriganesh Kini ,  Peter Arberg

IPC: G06F15/173

CPC classification number: H04L69/40 ,  H04L41/06 ,  H04L41/12 ,  H04L43/0811 ,  H04L43/50

Abstract: Techniques for providing connectivity fault management (CFM) for a multi-tiered network are described herein. In one embodiment, a link trace message (LTM) is received at a provider edge (PE) router and originated from a first Ethernet node and destined to a second Ethernet node, where the PE router interfaces an Ethernet and a multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) network. In response, the PE router initiates an MPLS trace session, including generating an MPLS trace message based on the LTM message to one or more MPLS nodes along a path between the first and second Ethernet nodes within the MPLS network. Subsequently, in response to one or more MPLS trace reply messages from the MPLS nodes of the MPLS network, the PE router generates a first link trace reply (LTR) message and sends the first LTR message to the first Ethernet node over the Ethernet. Other methods and apparatuses are also described.

Abstract translation: 本文描述了用于为多层网络提供连通性故障管理（CFM）的技术。 在一个实施例中，链路跟踪消息（LTM）在提供商边缘（PE）路由器处被接收并且源自第一以太网节点，并且发往第二以太网节点，其中PE路由器接口以太网和多协议标签交换 （MPLS）网络。 作为响应，PE路由器发起MPLS跟踪会话，包括基于LTM消息向沿着MPLS网络中的第一和第二以太网节点之间的路径的一个或多个MPLS节点生成MPLS跟踪消息。 随后，响应于来自MPLS网络的MPLS节点的一个或多个MPLS跟踪应答消息，PE路由器生成第一链路跟踪应答（LTR）消息，并且通过以太网将第一LTR消息发送到第一以太网节点。 还描述了其它方法和装置。

公开(公告)号：US09264322B2

公开(公告)日：2016-02-16

申请号：US13811716

申请日：2010-10-07

Applicant: András Császár ,  Gabor Sandor Enyedi ,  Sriganesh Kini

Inventor： András Császár ,  Gabor Sandor Enyedi ,  Sriganesh Kini

IPC: G06F15/16 ,  H04L12/26 ,  H04L12/751 ,  H04L12/759 ,  H04L12/707 ,  H04L12/703

CPC classification number: H04L43/04 ,  H04L43/0817 ,  H04L45/025 ,  H04L45/028 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/28

Abstract: There is provided a method for use by a router in a communications network. Forwarding information is maintained (S1) which specifies the next hop node for each of a plurality of possible destination nodes. Update information is maintained (S1) which specifies how, if at all, the next hop nodes specified in the forwarding information are to be updated for a plurality of possible network resource failures. Known failure information is maintained (S1) which relates to a known network resource failure or which specifies that there is no known network resource failure. A failure notification is received (S2) relating to a network resource failure. In response to receipt of the failure notification, it is determined (S3) from the failure notification how, if at all, the known failure information is to be updated, and the known failure information is updated, if required, based on the determination (S4). A communications packet is received (S5). Various steps (S6 to S10) are carried out in response to receipt of the communications packet. The destination node for the received packet is determined (S6). It is determined (S7) whether the next hop node specified by the forwarding information for the determined destination node is potentially invalid in view of the known failure information. If so, then the next hop node for the determined destination node is updated if necessary in the forwarding information using the update information and the known failure information (S8). The next hop node is determined for the received packet using the forwarding information and the determined destination node (S9). The received packet is forwarded towards the determined next hop node (S10).

Abstract translation: 提供了一种在通信网络中由路由器使用的方法。 保持转发信息（S1），其指定多个可能目的地节点中的每一个的下一跳节点。 维护更新信息（S1），其指定如何在多个可能的网络资源故障中如何更新在转发信息中指定的下一跳节点。 保持已知的故障信息（S1），其涉及已知的网络资源故障或指定没有已知的网络资源故障。 接收到与网络资源故障有关的故障通知（S2）。 响应于故障通知的接收，根据故障通知确定（S3）如果根本确定（如果有的话）知道的故障信息将被更新，并且如果需要，更新已知的故障信息， S4）。 接收通信分组（S5）。 响应于通信分组的接收，执行各种步骤（S6至S10）。 确定接收到的分组的目的地节点（S6）。 鉴于已知的故障信息，确定（S7）由所确定的目的地节点的转发信息指定的下一跳节点是否可能是无效的。 如果是，则如果需要，则使用更新信息和已知故障信息，在转发信息中更新所确定的目的地节点的下一跳节点（S8）。 使用转发信息和所确定的目的地节点为接收的分组确定下一跳节点（S9）。 接收到的分组被转发到确定的下一跳节点（S10）。

公开(公告)号：US08902766B2

公开(公告)日：2014-12-02

申请号：US12886439

申请日：2010-09-20

Applicant: Sriganesh Kini ,  Pramodh D'Souza

Inventor： Sriganesh Kini ,  Pramodh D'Souza

IPC: H04J3/14 ,  H04L12/26 ,  H04L12/707 ,  H04L12/703 ,  H04L12/723

CPC classification number: H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/50

Abstract: An hierarchical LSP is established to transport packets belonging to a FEC attached to an egress LSR and includes an egress LSR LSP that is common for each of the FECs attached to the egress LSR and forms a path from the ingress LSR through intermediate LSR(s) to the egress LSR. The egress LSR LSP is used when label switching packets destined for the FECs attached to the egress LSR. The hierarchical LSP also includes a unique FEC LSP for each FEC that is used by the egress LSR to identify and forward packets to that FEC. Responsive to a topology change that changes a next-hop of the ingress LSR to reach the egress LSR, the ingress LSR modifies an entry in a forwarding structure to change the next-hop for the egress LSR LSP and does not modify substantially any forwarding structure entities for the FEC LSPs.

Abstract translation: 建立分层LSP来传送属于附属于出口LSR的FEC的分组的LSP，并且包括对出口LSR附加的每个FEC共同的出口LSR LSP，并且通过中间LSR形成来自入口LSR的路径， 到出口LSR。 当出口到出口LSR的FEC的标签交换分组时，使用出口LSR LSP。 分层LSP还包括用于每个FEC的唯一FEC LSP，其由出口LSR用于识别和转发该FEC的分组。 响应于改变入口LSR的下一跳到达出口LSR的拓扑变化，入口LSR修改转发结构中的条目以改变出口LSR LSP的下一跳，并且基本上不修改任何转发结构 FEC LSP的实体。

公开(公告)号：US08848519B2

公开(公告)日：2014-09-30

申请号：US13113007

申请日：2011-05-20

Applicant: Sriganesh Kini ,  Srikanth Narayanan

Inventor： Sriganesh Kini ,  Srikanth Narayanan

IPC: H04L1/00 ,  H04L12/707 ,  H04L12/723 ,  H04L12/703

CPC classification number: H04L45/507 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/28

Abstract: MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) fast re-routing using LDP (Label Distribution Protocol) is described. A first network element in a MPLS network receives a first label advertised from a second network element in the MPLS network. The first network element computes a shortest path tree (SPT) to reach a destination network element under a potential failure condition. The second network element is a nexthop of the first network element in the computed SPT and is not upstream from the potential failure condition. The first network element advertises a second label to one or more third network elements for a backup LDP LSP (Label Switched Path) that will serve as a backup when the potential failure condition is realized. The third network element(s) are upstream neighbors on the computed SPT with respect to the first network element. The first network element installs a swap action from the second label to the first label.

Abstract translation: 描述了使用LDP（标签分发协议）的MPLS（多协议标签交换）快速重路由。 MPLS网络中的第一网元接收从MPLS网络中的第二网元发布的第一标签。 第一个网元计算一个最短路径树（SPT），以在潜在的故障条件下到达目标网元。 第二个网元是计算出的SPT中第一个网元的下一跳，不在潜在故障条件的上游。 第一个网络单元向一个或多个第三个网元发布第二个标签，用于备份LDP LSP（标签交换路径），当实现潜在的故障条件时，备用LDP LSP（标签交换路径）将用作备份。 第三网络元件是相对于第一网络元件的计算的SPT上的上游邻居。 第一个网络元素将第二个标签的交换动作安装到第一个标签。

公开(公告)号：US08705542B2

公开(公告)日：2014-04-22

申请号：US12973987

申请日：2010-12-21

Applicant: Balázs Peter Gerö ,  János Farkas ,  Panagiotis Saltsidis ,  Sriganesh Kini

Inventor： Balázs Peter Gerö ,  János Farkas ,  Panagiotis Saltsidis ,  Sriganesh Kini

IPC: H04L12/28

CPC classification number: H04L45/04 ,  H04L12/4625 ,  H04L12/4641

Abstract: An upgraded edge node (e.g., enhanced PBB edge node, enhanced IP/MPLS edge node) and a method are described herein for providing a VLAN service for a customer in a metro network. In addition, a metro network is described herein which includes the upgraded edge nodes, traditional PB edge nodes, and a PB domain that has PB core nodes located therein.

Abstract translation: 本文描述了升级边缘节点（例如，增强型PBB边缘节点，增强型IP / MPLS边缘节点）和方法，用于为城域网中的客户提供VLAN服务。 另外，本文描述了一种城域网，其中包括升级边缘节点，传统PB边缘节点和PB核心节点位于其中的PB域。

公开(公告)号：US08559432B2

公开(公告)日：2013-10-15

申请号：US12982734

申请日：2010-12-30

Applicant: Sriganesh Kini

Inventor： Sriganesh Kini

IPC: H04L12/28

CPC classification number: H04L12/4641 ,  H04L43/10 ,  H04L45/304 ,  H04L45/68

Abstract: A method implemented by a first provider equipment (PE) device to enable operations, administration and management (OAM) functionality over a pseudo-wire (PW) between the first PE device and a second PE device, wherein the PW traverses a packet switched network and carries control channel messages and a flow of data packets, and where the packet switched network includes nodes that use information outside a pseudo-wire label stack of the data packets for determining multi-path routing, the method including receiving a control channel message at the first PE to be forwarded over the pseudo-wire to the second PE, and prefixing the control channel message with a pseudo-flow header to ensure that the control channel message is forwarded over a same route by the nodes of the packet switched network as the data packets of the flow, thereby enabling OAM functionality to be accurately performed for the pseudo-wire.

Abstract translation: 一种由第一提供商设备（PE）设备实现的方法，用于通过第一PE设备和第二PE设备之间的伪线（PW）实现操作，管理和管理（OAM）功能，其中，PW穿过分组交换网络 并携带控制信道消息和数据分组流，其中分组交换网络包括使用用于确定多路径路由的数据分组的伪线标签堆栈外的信息的节点，该方法包括：接收控制信道消息 将第一个PE通过伪线转发到第二个PE，并在控制信道消息前面加上一个伪流头，以确保控制信道消息由分组交换网络的节点通过相同的路由转发为 流的数据包，从而使得能够准确地执行伪线的OAM功能。

公开(公告)号：US20130232259A1

公开(公告)日：2013-09-05

申请号：US13811716

申请日：2010-10-07

Applicant: András Császár ,  Gabor Sandor Enyedi ,  Sriganesh Kini

Inventor： András Császár ,  Gabor Sandor Enyedi ,  Sriganesh Kini

IPC: H04L12/26

CPC classification number: H04L43/04 ,  H04L43/0817 ,  H04L45/025 ,  H04L45/028 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/28

Abstract: There is provided a method for use by a router in a communications network. Forwarding information is maintained (S1) which specifies the next hop node for each of a plurality of possible destination nodes. Update information is maintained (S1) which specifies how, if at all, the next hop nodes specified in the forwarding information are to be updated for a plurality of possible network resource failures. Known failure information is maintained (S1) which relates to a known network resource failure or which specifies that there is no known network resource failure. A failure notification is received (S2) relating to a network resource failure. In response to receipt of the failure notification, it is determined (S3) from the failure notification how, if at all, the known failure information is to be updated, and the known failure information is updated, if required, based on the determination (S4). A communications packet is received (S5). Various steps (S6 to S10) are carried out in response to receipt of the communications packet. The destination node for the received packet is determined (S6). It is determined (S7) whether the next hop node specified by the forwarding information for the determined destination node is potentially invalid in view of the known failure information. If so, then the next hop node for the determined destination node is updated if necessary in the forwarding information using the update information and the known failure information (S8). The next hop node is determined for the received packet using the forwarding information and the determined destination node (S9). The received packet is forwarded towards the determined next hop node (S10).

Abstract translation: 提供了一种在通信网络中由路由器使用的方法。 保持转发信息（S1），其指定多个可能目的地节点中的每一个的下一跳节点。 维护更新信息（S1），其指定如何在多个可能的网络资源故障中如何更新在转发信息中指定的下一跳节点。 保持已知的故障信息（S1），其涉及已知的网络资源故障或指定没有已知的网络资源故障。 接收到与网络资源故障有关的故障通知（S2）。 响应于故障通知的接收，根据故障通知确定（S3）如果根本确定（如果有的话）知道的故障信息将被更新，并且如果需要，更新已知的故障信息， S4）。 接收通信分组（S5）。 响应于通信分组的接收，执行各种步骤（S6至S10）。 确定接收到的分组的目的地节点（S6）。 鉴于已知的故障信息，确定（S7）由所确定的目的地节点的转发信息指定的下一跳节点是否可能是无效的。 如果是，则如果需要，则使用更新信息和已知故障信息，在转发信息中更新所确定的目的地节点的下一跳节点（S8）。 使用转发信息和所确定的目的地节点为接收的分组确定下一跳节点（S9）。 接收到的分组被转发到确定的下一跳节点（S10）。

公开(公告)号：US20130089094A1

公开(公告)日：2013-04-11

申请号：US13703678

申请日：2010-07-01

Applicant: András Császár ,  Gabor Sandor Enyedi ,  Sriganesh Kini

Inventor： András Császár ,  Gabor Sandor Enyedi ,  Sriganesh Kini

IPC: H04L12/56

CPC classification number: H04L45/566 ,  H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/023 ,  H04L45/60

Abstract: There is provided a method for use by a first processing unit in or to be installed in a router. The first processing unit is configured or responsible for routing (or forwarding) packets to and from other routers. There may be other such first processing units in or installed in the router. In a first step (S1), information is received at the first processing unit which requires dissemination to other routers. The information also requires processing to determine what, if any, reconfiguration of the routing (forwarding) performed by the first processing unit is required. In a second step (S2b) the information is forwarded in a packet to other routers as required according to the routing (forwarding) configuration for the first processing unit. In a third step (S2c) the information is forwarded to at least one other first processing unit in the router (if there are any other first processing units in the router) not already in receipt of the information. If an expedited dissemination procedure is required, the second and third steps (S2b, S2c) are performed before the processing (to determine what if any reconfiguration is required) has been performed (completed) and/or before the first processing unit has been informed of the result of such processing and/or before any reconfiguration required in the first processing unit has been requested, arranged or performed (completed).

Abstract translation: 提供了一种由路由器中的第一处理单元使用或安装在路由器中的方法。 第一个处理单元被配置或负责将数据包路由（或转发）到其他路由器或从其他路由器转发数据包。 路由器中可能还有其他这样的第一处理单元或安装在路由器中。 在第一步（S1）中，在需要向其他路由器传播的第一处理单元处接收信息。 该信息还需要处理以确定需要由第一处理单元执行的路由（转发）的重新配置（如果有的话）。 在第二步骤（S2b）中，根据第一处理单元的路由（转发）配置，根据需要将信息在分组中转发到其他路由器。 在第三步骤（S2c）中，信息被转发到路由器中的至少另一个第一处理单元（如果路由器中还有其他第一处理单元）尚未接收到该信息。 如果需要快速传播程序，则在执行（完成）和/或在第一处理单元被通知之前的处理（以确定是否需要重新配置）之前执行第二和第三步骤（S2b，S2c） 这种处理的结果和/或在第一处理单元中所需的任何重新配置​​之前已被请求，排列或执行（完成）。

公开(公告)号：US08400923B2

公开(公告)日：2013-03-19

申请号：US12905990

申请日：2010-10-15

Applicant: Sriganesh Kini

Inventor： Sriganesh Kini

IPC: H04L12/26 ,  H04L12/56 ,  H04L12/66 ,  H04W4/00 ,  G06F15/16 ,  G06F15/173

CPC classification number: H04L45/24 ,  H04L69/14 ,  H04L69/165

Abstract: An edge router runs a Multipath Transmission Control Protocol (MPTCP) proxy to allow for a host that implements TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) to operate normally yet reap the benefits of an MPTCP connection. An upgrade of a TCPIP stack on the host is not necessary. The edge router demultiplexes packets received from the host over a TCP connection to an MPTCP connection and multiplexes packets sent to the host over an MPTCP connection to a TCP connection. As a result, higher throughput of packet communication can be realized, for example, for improved video support.

Abstract translation: 边缘路由器运行多路传输控制协议（MPTCP）代理，以允许实现TCP（传输控制协议）的主机正常运行，并获得MPTCP连接的优点。 主机上的TCPIP堆栈升级不是必需的。 边缘路由器将从主机通过TCP连接接收到的数据包解复用到MPTCP连接，并将通过MPTCP连接发送到主机的数据包复用到TCP连接。 结果，可以实现分组通信的更高吞吐量，例如用于改进的视频支持。

公开(公告)号：US20120093150A1

公开(公告)日：2012-04-19

申请号：US12905990

申请日：2010-10-15

Applicant: Sriganesh Kini

Inventor： Sriganesh Kini

IPC: H04L12/56

CPC classification number: H04L45/24 ,  H04L69/14 ,  H04L69/165

Abstract: An edge router runs a Multipath Transmission Control Protocol (MPTCP) proxy to allow for a host that implements TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) to operate normally yet reap the benefits of an MPTCP connection. An upgrade of a TCPIP stack on the host is not necessary. The edge router demultiplexes packets received from the host over a TCP connection to an MPTCP connection and multiplexes packets sent to the host over an MPTCP connection to a TCP connection. As a result, higher throughput of packet communication can be realized, for example, for improved video support.

Abstract translation: 边缘路由器运行多路传输控制协议（MPTCP）代理，以允许实现TCP（传输控制协议）的主机正常运行，并获得MPTCP连接的优点。 主机上的TCPIP堆栈升级不是必需的。 边缘路由器将从主机通过TCP连接接收到的数据包解复用到MPTCP连接，并将通过MPTCP连接发送到主机的数据包复用到TCP连接。 结果，可以实现分组通信的更高吞吐量，例如用于改进的视频支持。