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21.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4063991A
公开(公告)日：1977-12-20
申请号：US761461
申请日：1977-01-21
IPC分类号： H01H33/66 , C03C27/02 , H01H33/662 , H01H9/30
CPC分类号： H01H33/66207 , H01H2033/66292
摘要： Loose glass particles in a vacuum interrupter, and glass attached to the interrupter midband, are removed with an etch of hydrofluoric acid applied over the entire interior of the glass envelope and the midband, following a grit blast of the entire interior of the glass envelope and the midband.
摘要翻译： 真空灭弧室中的玻璃微粒和附着在断续器中间带上的玻璃被玻璃外壳和中间带的整个内部施加的氟氢酸腐蚀物除去，玻璃外壳的整个内部都被喷砂， 中带。
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22.发明授权Method of making an excitation coil for an electrodeless high intensity discharge lamp 失效制造无电极高强度放电灯的激励线圈的方法
公开(公告)号：US5042139A
公开(公告)日：1991-08-27
申请号：US554496
申请日：1990-07-19
申请人： George A. Farrall
发明人： George A. Farrall
CPC分类号： H01J9/00 , H01F41/10 , H01F41/12 , H01J65/048 , Y10T29/4902
摘要： An excitation coil for a high intensity discharge lamp has an optimized configuration for maximizing efficiency and minimizing output light blockage. The coil comprises a conductive surface having a shape which corresponds to rotating a bilaterally symmetrical trapezoid about a coil center line in the same plane as the trapezoid without intersecting the center line. The conductive surface is disposed on a conductive core for efficient heat removal from the coil, resulting in reduced coil losses. In one embodiment, the coil cross section is increased by adding a rectangular portion to the trapezoidal portion, thereby extending the coil outwardly from the coil center line so as to remove heat from the coil more quickly without affecting light output from the lamp. The coil is constructed by separately casting the coil turns and brazing a connecting member therebetween, and then cutting a slit in each turn so as to electrically connect them in series.
摘要翻译： 用于高强度放电灯的激励线圈具有优化的配置，以最大化效率并最小化输出光阻塞。 线圈包括导电表面，该导电表面的形状对应于围绕与梯形相同的平面内的线圈中心线旋转双边对称的梯形而不与中心线相交。 导电表面设置在导电芯上，用于从线圈高效除热，从而减少线圈损耗。 在一个实施例中，通过向梯形部分添加矩形部分来增加线圈横截面，从而将线圈从线圈中心线向外延伸，从而更快地从线圈移除热量，而不影响来自灯的光输出。 线圈通过分别浇铸线圈匝和钎焊连接构件而构成，然后每匝切割一个狭缝，以将它们串联电连接。
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23.再颁专利Advanced piezoceramic power switching devices employing protective gastight enclosure and method of manufacture 失效先进的压电陶瓷功率开关器件采用保护气密性外壳和制造方法
公开(公告)号：USRE33577E
公开(公告)日：1991-04-23
申请号：US383315
申请日：1989-07-20
CPC分类号： H01H57/00 , H01H2050/025
摘要： This application described a number of novel advanced piezoelectric ceramic power switching devices which are mounted within protective gastight enclosures that are either evacuated to a high degree of vacuum or filled with an inert gas protective atmosphere. The devices thus constructed are capable of operating over a range of load voltages extending from about 100 volts to 5000 volts or more with corresponding currents of from a few amperes to hundreds of amperes and wherein it is possible to provide a number of such structures in a single common protective gastight enclosure. For certain circuit applications the devices thus constructed have unpoled portions on which are mounted either passive circuit components such as resistors, capacitors and the like or active semiconductor devices all interconnected in circuit relationship with each other and the switching devices by using printed circuit or integrated circuit fabrication techniques. In these devices, stray circuit impedances whether capacitive, inductive or resistive in nature can be reduced to an absolute minimum by appropriate designs. Such complementary circuit components and active semiconductor devices can be, if desired, mounted within the common protective enclosures in close proximity to the piezoceramic switching devices to which they are connected, or alternatively may be mounted exteriorly of the protective enclosures.
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公开(公告)号：US5008912A
公开(公告)日：1991-04-16
申请号：US417353
申请日：1989-10-05
CPC分类号： H05K9/0064 , H05G1/08 , H05G1/54
摘要： An X-ray imaging system includes an X-ray tube, which is biased by a high voltage power supply connected to the tube by one or two shielded cables which have a characteristic impedance. The cables are coupled to the X-ray tube by a resistance which is substantially equal to the characteristic impedance when a single cable is used or to twice the characteristic impedance when two cables are used. During a breakdown of the X-ray tube, the resistance depresses electrical current flow between the anode and the cathode of the tube. This current is in part due to the energy stored in the cable, which is not depressed by conventional current limiting circuits in the high voltage power supply.
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公开(公告)号：US4893048A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-09
申请号：US252623
申请日：1988-10-03
申请人： George A. Farrall
发明人： George A. Farrall
CPC分类号： H01H57/00 , H01H1/2066 , H01H1/58 , H01H9/40
摘要： A power switch which comprises a plurality of contact pairs connected in series provides substantial operational advantages. Included in these advantages are fast operating speed and direct imposition of circuit opening. The individual contact pairs are preferably controlled by piezoelectric benders to provide a compact, lightweight switch.
摘要翻译： 包括串联连接的多个触点对的电源开关提供了实质的操作优点。 这些优点包括快速的操作速度和直接的电路开路。 单独的接触对优选地由压电弯曲器控制以提供紧凑，轻便的开关。
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26.发明授权Zero crossing synchronous AC switching circuits employing piezoceramic bender-type switching devices 失效采用压电陶瓷弯曲型开关器件的零交叉同步交流开关电路
公开(公告)号：US4626698A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-02
申请号：US685107
申请日：1984-12-21
CPC分类号： H01H9/56 , H01H57/00 , Y10T307/438 , Y10T307/461 , Y10T307/492
摘要： Zero crossing synchronous AC switching circuits are provided which employ piezoelectric ceramic bender-type switching devices for use in supplying loads of a resistive, inductive or capacitive nature. The circuits include zero crossing sensing sub-circuits for sensing the passage through zero value of a supply source of alternating current voltage and/or current and for deriving zero crossing timing signals representative of the occurrance of the zero crossings. The zero crossing timing signals are employed to control operation of a bender energizing potential control sub-circuit for selectively controlling application or removal of a bender energizing potential across the piezoelectric bender member of the bender-type switching devices. Phase shift networks are included in the circuit for shifting the phase or time of application of the selectively applied bender energization potential so as to cause it to close or open a set of load current carrying switch contacts substantially at or near the naturally occurring zero crossings of the applied alternating current supplying the load.
摘要翻译： 提供了零交叉同步交流开关电路，其采用用于提供电阻，电感或电容性质的负载的压电陶瓷弯曲型开关装置。 这些电路包括用于感测通过交流电压和/或电流的电源的零值的零交叉感测子电路，并且用于导出代表过零点的出现的过零定时信号。 采用过零定时信号来控制弯曲激励电位控制子电路的操作，用于选择性地控制跨越弯曲型开关器件的压电弯曲部件的施加或去除弯曲激励电位。 相移网络包括在电路中，用于移动施加有选择地施加的弯曲器通电电位的相位或时间，以便使其关闭或打开一组负载电流承载开关触点，基本上处于或接近自然发生的过零点 施加的交流电供应负载。
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27.发明授权Synchronously operable electrical current switching apparatus having multiple circuit switching capability and/or reduced contact resistance 失效具有多个电路切换能力和/或降低的接触电阻的同步可操作的电流开关装置
公开(公告)号：US4620123A
公开(公告)日：1986-10-28
申请号：US684882
申请日：1984-12-21
申请人： George A. Farrall , John H. Van Noy
发明人： George A. Farrall , John H. Van Noy
摘要： A synchronously operable electrical current switching apparatus which may be used to switch multiple circuits, or to lower the contact resistance in one or more circuits, or both, includes a plurality of piezoelectric benders of the type having at least two electrically conductive layers separated by a piezoelectric material, and which exhibit bending motion in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane in which the benders lie in response to an applied electrical signal. The apparatus also includes at least one pair of switching contacts, with one contact being movable and mechanically linked to at least one bender so that the bending motion causes corresponding movement of the contact and produces a change in the relative position of the contacts between open and closed positions. One of the electrically conductive layers of each bender is connected to the electrical signal by a common electrical conductor. For predetermined ones of the benders, a second one of the electrically conductive layers is connected to the electrical signal by a separate conductor, so that those benders exhibit bending motion in response to the signal. One pair of contacts may be provided for each bender, or a number of benders may be mechanically linked to one movable contact, so that the force exerted on the contact by the benders is increased.
摘要翻译： 可以用于切换多个电路或降低一个或多个电路或两者中的接触电阻的同步可操作的电流开关装置包括多个压电弯曲器，该压电弯曲器具有至少两个由 压电材料，并且其在基本上垂直于弯曲器所响应于施加的电信号的平面的方向上展现弯曲运动。 该装置还包括至少一对开关触点，其中一个触点可移动并机械地连接到至少一个弯曲器，使得弯曲运动引起触点的相应运动，并产生开口和 封闭职位。 每个弯曲器的导电层之一通过公共电导体连接到电信号。 对于预定的弯曲器，第二导电层通过单独的导体连接到电信号，使得这些弯曲器响应于该信号而呈现弯曲运动。 可以为每个弯曲器提供一对触点，或者多个弯曲器可以机械地连接到一个可动触头，使得由弯曲器施加在触点上的力增加。
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28.发明授权Method for assessing the dielectric state of a high voltage vacuum device using radiation generated by field emission current 失效使用由场致发射电流产生的辐射来评估高压真空装置的介电状态的方法
公开(公告)号：US4534741A
公开(公告)日：1985-08-13
申请号：US568318
申请日：1984-01-05
申请人： George A. Farrall
发明人： George A. Farrall
摘要： The radiation generated by electrons from field emission current striking the anode of a high voltage vacuum device is used as an analog for the emission current in a method for assessing the dielectric state of the device. The emission current is determined by applying a variable voltage, less than that required to produce breakdown, to the device and measuring the radiation generated by the emission current. The radiation measurement is correlated to the amount of field emission current by means of a predetermined relationship, and the field enhancement factor, .beta., associated with the dielectric state of the device is determined from the slope of a plot of the logarithm of the quantity resulting from dividing the emission current by the square of the applied voltage, versus the reciprocal of the applied voltage. Alternatively, .beta. may be determined from the slope of a plot of the measured radiation versus the reciprocal voltage. A method for conditioning high voltage vacuum devices to improve the dielectric properties thereof employs one of the above methods for determining .beta. and further includes subjecting the device to a predetermined program of voltage exposure until .beta. is below a predetermined value.
摘要翻译： 在用于评估器件的介电状态的方法中，使用来自场致发射电流的高电压真空装置的电子产生的辐射用作发射电流的模拟。 通过向器件施加小于产生击穿所需的可变电压并测量由发射电流产生的辐射来确定发射电流。 辐射测量通过预定的关系与场致发射电流的量相关，并且与设备的电介质状态相关的场增强因子β从所得量的对数的图的斜率确定 将发射电流除以施加电压的平方与施加电压的倒数相乘。 或者，β可以根据所测量的辐射与相互电压的曲线的斜率来确定。 用于调节高压真空装置以改善其介电特性的方法采用上述用于确定β的方法之一，并且还包括使装置经受预定的电压暴露程序，直到β低于预定值。
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