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11.发明授权Method and system for dimensional and weight measurements of articles of manufacture by computerized tomography 失效通过计算机图形制作制品的尺寸和重量测量方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US5091862A
公开(公告)日：1992-02-25
申请号：US541284
申请日：1990-06-20
CPC分类号： G01B15/025 , G01N23/046 , B21B2261/04 , G01N2223/419
摘要： Tomographic imaging of an inanimate object in which a fan-shaped beam of radiation is generated and divided into fan ray elements which are directed through a planar section of the object and detected by a set of detectors. Each detector produces a signal representative of the intensity of the radiation of a detected fan ray element and selected coordinates defining a cross-sectional image of the object are determined from the intensity signals of the detectors. The coordinates are stored and displayed on a display device. The detectors include a scintillation crystal which is provided with a half-solid cylinder of lead disposed on a side of the crystal.
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公开(公告)号：US4720808A
公开(公告)日：1988-01-19
申请号：US734106
申请日：1985-05-15
申请人： Josef Repsch
发明人： Josef Repsch
CPC分类号： G01G9/005 , G01B15/025 , G01G17/02 , G01N23/16 , G01N9/24
摘要： Method and apparatus for measuring the weight per unit area and providing cross-sectional, longitudinal, and diagonal profiles of density or thickness of moving manufactured sheet products. The apparatus comprises a stationary radiation source, an array of detectors, and electronic means for processing the signals from the detectors to obtain a total cross-sectional, longitudinal, and diagonal profile of density or thickness of moving manufactured sheet products. The energy output of the radiation source remains constant during a measuring operation. The apparatus utilizes a line-up of individual radiation sources delivering constant radiation. Each individual radiation source generates an equal amount of radiation. The radiation transmitted from the individual radiation source is intercepted by a detector/electronic assembly after penetrating the sheet product. The detector/electronic assembly converts the intercepted radiation to electric signals. The electric signals from the detector/electronic assembly are transmitted by conductors to electronic interface unit, signal processor and numerical display units. The invention provides an apparatus comprising the radiation source, detector/electronic assembly, electronic interface and signal processor, digital computer and numerical display modules and a method of identifying the entire transverse profile of the moving sheet products.
摘要翻译： 用于测量每单位面积重量并提供移动的制造片材产品的密度或厚度的横截面，纵向和对角线轮廓的方法和装置。 该装置包括固定辐射源，检测器阵列和用于处理来自检测器的信号以获得移动的制造片材产品的密度或厚度的总横截面，纵向和对角线轮廓的电子装置。 辐射源的能量输出在测量操作期间保持恒定。 该设备利用提供恒定辐射的各个辐射源的阵容。 每个单独的辐射源产生等量的辐射。 从单个辐射源发射的辐射在穿透片材产品之后被检测器/电子组件拦截。 检测器/电子组件将截获的辐射转换为电信号。 来自检测器/电子组件的电信号由导体传输到电子接口单元，信号处理器和数字显示单元。 本发明提供一种包括辐射源，检测器/电子组件，电子接口和信号处理器，数字计算机和数字显示模块的装置以及识别移动片材产品的整个横向轮廓的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4633420A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-30
申请号：US786357
申请日：1985-10-11
申请人： Kazunori Masanobu
发明人： Kazunori Masanobu
CPC分类号： G01B15/025 , G01B15/045
摘要： A profile measurement apparatus using radiation is disclosed which has three radiation sources and three arcuated multi-channel radiation detectors corresponding to the radiation sources. A rolled steel sheet or strip is conveyed between the radiation sources and the radiation detectors. The sector-shaped radiation beams respectively are radiated by the radiation sources to partially pass through the strip and to respectively incident on the corresponding radiation detectors, which produce profile signals corresponding to the intensities of the incident radiation beams. A microprocessor produces an image signal indicating the sectional shape of an irradiated linear area throughout the entire width of the strip in accordance with the profile signals and causes the display device to display the sectional shape. A mono-channel radiation detector is disposed near the multi-channel radiation detectors to constantly measure a partial thickness of the central portion of the strip.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种使用辐射的轮廓测量装置，其具有三个辐射源和对应于辐射源的三个弧形多通道辐射检测器。 在辐射源和辐射探测器之间传送轧制钢板或条带。 扇形辐射束分别由辐射源辐射以部分地穿过条带并且分别入射到相应的辐射检测器上，其产生对应于入射辐射束的强度的轮廓信号。 微处理器根据轮廓信号产生指示条带的整个宽度上的照射线性区域的截面形状的图像信号，并使显示装置显示截面形状。 单通道辐射检测器设置在多通道辐射检测器附近，以恒定地测量条的中心部分的部分厚度。
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公开(公告)号：US4590658A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-27
申请号：US520153
申请日：1983-08-04
申请人： Yutaka Funyu , Tadashi Okumura , Asao Monno , Masami Shimizu
发明人： Yutaka Funyu , Tadashi Okumura , Asao Monno , Masami Shimizu
CPC分类号： G01B15/025 , B21C51/00 , Y10T29/49895 , Y10T29/49901
摘要： A method and apparatus for measuring the thickness of the wall of a tubular object includes a measurement of the intensity of a radiation beam passing through the walls and quantizing the indicated value of radiation detected by a detector with reference to a predetermined period of time. Data is expressed diagrammatically, and inflection points on the graph line indicating when the radiation beam contacts the outer and inner peripheral walls of the tube are determined and processed to thereby determine the wall thickness. There is also disclosed a method for aligning collimator members utilized in the radiation beam scanning equipment.
摘要翻译： 用于测量管状物体的壁的厚度的方法和装置包括参考通过壁的辐射束的强度的测量，并且参考预定时间段量化由检测器检测的辐射的指示值。 数据以图形方式表示，并且确定并处理图形线上指示辐射束与管的外周壁和内周壁接触的拐点，从而确定壁厚。 还公开了一种用于对准在辐射束扫描设备中使用的准直器构件的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4542297A
公开(公告)日：1985-09-17
申请号：US367335
申请日：1982-04-12
申请人： Anthony C. Hold
发明人： Anthony C. Hold
CPC分类号： G01B15/025
摘要： This invention provides apparatus for measuring the thickness profile of steel strip comprising a radiation source reciprocally movable in a stepwise fashion across the strip width on one side thereof and a single elongated detector on the other side of the strip aligned with the scanning source. This detector may be a fluorescent scintillator which is responsive to the incident radiation, the amount of which is in turn dependent on the degree of absorption by the strip. Means are provided for sensing the degree of excitation in the detector in synchronism with the scanning source whereby to provide an output representative of the thickness profile of the strip. The profile may conveniently be displayed in analogue fashion on a television screen. A conventional thickness gauge, e.g. of the X-ray type, may conveniently be used in conjunction with the profile gauge to compensate the output of the latter for any variations in the strip thickness along the length of the coil.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于测量钢带的厚度分布的装置，包括一个辐射源，该辐射源可以一步一步的方式跨越其一侧的条带宽度和在与扫描源对准的条带的另一侧上的单个细长检测器。 该检测器可以是荧光闪烁体，其响应于入射辐射，其量的量依赖于条带的吸收程度。 提供了用于与扫描源同步地检测检测器中的激发程度的装置，从而提供代表条带厚度分布的输出。 该简档可以方便地以类似方式显示在电视屏幕上。 常规的厚度计，例如 的X射线型，可以方便地与轮廓仪一起使用，以补偿后者的输出，用于沿着线圈的长度的条带厚度的任何变化。
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公开(公告)号：US4510577A
公开(公告)日：1985-04-09
申请号：US349979
申请日：1982-02-18
申请人： Tatsuo Tsujii , Takaaki Okino
发明人： Tatsuo Tsujii , Takaaki Okino
IPC分类号： G01B15/02
CPC分类号： G01B15/025
摘要： A noncontact thickness gauge system for measuring the thickness of a material is disclosed which includes a source of penetrating radiation, a radiation detector for detecting the amount of radiation received from the radiation source where the level of received radiation is a function of the radiation absorption characteristics and thickness of the material located in the radiation path, a memory for storing the output signals of the detector and curve-defining parameters for a plurality of calibration curves which correspond to respective ranges of thickness values, and a processor for processing the various signals and curve-defining parameters to determine the thickness of the material in the radiation path. The calibration curves are quadratic and are defined by at least three calibration points. Measurements using the radiation thickness gauge system are done after precalibrating the gauge system to obtain a plurality of calibration curves, storing the calibration curves in the memory, providing the signals representative of the nominal thickness and the alloy compensation coefficient for the material to be measured, selecting the calibration curve corresponding to a particular thickness range, compensating the calibration curve of the selected range for drift, inserting the material to be measured into the radiation path and then processing the output signal of the detecting means with the compensated calibration curve to determine the apparent thickness of the material.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于测量材料厚度的非接触式厚度计系统，其包括穿透辐射源，用于检测从辐射源接收的辐射量的辐射检测器，其中接收辐射的水平是辐射吸收特性的函数 和位于辐射路径中的材料的厚度，用于存储检测器的输出信号的存储器和对应于各个厚度值范围的多个校准曲线的曲线限定参数，以及用于处理各种信号的处理器， 曲线定义参数以确定辐射路径中的材料的厚度。 校准曲线为二次曲线，由至少三个校准点定义。 使用辐射测厚仪系统的测量是在预先校准量规系统之后进行的，以获得多个校准曲线，将校准曲线存储在存储器中，提供表示待测材料的标称厚度和合金补偿系数的信号， 选择对应于特定厚度范围的校准曲线，补偿所选择的漂移范围的校准曲线，将待测量的材料插入辐射路径中，然后用补偿的校准曲线处理检测装置的输出信号，以确定 表观材料的厚度。
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公开(公告)号：US4210902A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-01
申请号：US7258
申请日：1979-01-29
CPC分类号： G01L5/102 , G01B15/025 , G01L5/047
摘要： A device for telemetering loads on power transmission line conductors comprising load sensors installed along a power transmission line at the points of suspension of the line conductors to supporting structures, and ice load sensors mounted directly on the line conductors. The outputs of each load sensor and ice load sensor are connected to respective inputs of a respective transducer converting the sensor output signal into a high-frequency signal delivered to the high-frequency signal receiver. Each ice load sensor has a source of radioactive radiation and a radiation detector. Such an embodiment of the device for telemetering loads on power transmission line conductors allows determination of the magnitude of the ice load component of the resultant load on the line conductor.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在输电线路导线上进行远程测量负载的装置，包括沿着输电线路安装的负载传感器，其中线路导体悬挂在支撑结构上，以及直接安装在线路导体上的冰负载传感器。 每个负载传感器和冰负载传感器的输出端连接到将传感器输出信号转换成传送到高频信号接收器的高频信号的相应传感器的相应输入端。 每个冰负荷传感器都有放射线辐射源和辐射探测器。 用于在输电线路导线上进行遥测负载的装置的这种实施例允许确定线路导体上的合成负载的冰负荷分量的大小。
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公开(公告)号：US3953736A
公开(公告)日：1976-04-27
申请号：US515471
申请日：1974-10-17
CPC分类号： G01B15/025 , G06F7/62
摘要： Disclosed is a method of and an apparatus for measuring the thickness of an object, usually a metal strip, by using a radiation beam and digital techniques and, more generally, a method of linearization of an exponential function which can be advantageously implemented by digital techniques. First, a counter is preset to a count corresponding to a predetermined magnitude of a value to be linearized. Then, a sequence of pulses whose number is representative of the value to be linearized is generated. The pulses of this sequence are counted so as to generate a signal each time the number of pulses counted corresponds to a standard value unit. Each signal so generated is used to modify by a predetermined count the count of the preset counter whereby, at the end of the sequence, the contents of the preset counter is representative of the value to be linearized.An apparatus for implementing such a linearization method when applied to the output signal of a radiation detector providing a pulse rate representative of the thickness of an object through which the radiation of a gamma source is received, comprises a gate which receives the output signal of the radiation detector and is enabled during a preset time. The output pulses of the gate are applied simultaneously to a first counter, a divider and a second counter. The first counter provides a signal when its count reaches a value corresponding to the maximum thickness which is expected to be measured. The output signal of the first counter resets the second counter and presets a down counter to a count corresponding to the quotient of the maximum thickness by a standard thickness unit. The divider divides the number of pulses by a coefficient representative of a standard thickness unit and the output pulses of the divider are accumulated in an accumulator. The accumulated sum is compared in a comparator against the contents of the second counter and the output signal of the comparator is applied to the down counter and to the reset input of the second counter. When all the pulses have been counted, the down counter displays the thickness of the object.Other embodiments for compensating the dead-time of the radiation detector and the decay of the radiation source as well as for increasing the accuracy of the measurement are also described.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于通过使用辐射束和数字技术来测量物体（通常为金属条）的厚度的方法和装置，并且更一般地，可以有利地通过数字技术实现的指数函数的线性化方法 。 首先，将计数器预设为对应于要线性化的值的预定大小的计数。 然后，产生其数字代表要被线性化的值的脉冲序列。 对该序列的脉冲进行计数，以便每当计数的脉冲数对应于标准值单位时产生信号。 如此生成的每个信号用于通过预定计数来修改预置计数器的计数，由此在序列结束时，预设计数器的内容代表要被线性化的值。
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公开(公告)号：US3684887A
公开(公告)日：1972-08-15
申请号：US3684887D
申请日：1970-03-26
发明人： HUGONIN GERALD H
CPC分类号： G21K1/04 , G01B15/025 , G01N23/18
摘要： In the new and improved radiation apparatus disclosed herein for inspecting tubular goods, a radiation detector is coaxially positioned within a tubular member being axially translated along a selected inspection axis for receiving radiation from a radiation emitter facing the detector and mounted in a body rotating around the exterior of the tubular member. One or more radiation-attenuating devices or shutters are cooperatively arranged in the rotating body for regulating the intensity of radiation imposed on the detector. Uniquely-arranged controls are provided for selectively positioning the shutters as tubular members that are to be inspected move along the inspection axis, with these controls being adapted for operation without interrupting the rotation of the body carrying the shutters.
摘要翻译： 在本文公开的用于检查管状物品的新的和改进的辐射装置中，辐射检测器同轴地定位在沿着选定的检查轴线轴向平移的管状构件内，用于接收来自面向检测器的辐射发射器的辐射，并且安装在围绕 管状构件的外部。 一个或多个辐射衰减装置或百叶窗协调地布置在旋转体中，用于调节施加在检测器上的辐射强度。 提供独特布置的控制器，用于选择性地将快门定位为待检查的管状部件沿着检查轴线移动，这些控制器适于操作而不中断承载快门的主体的旋转。
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20.发明授权Measuring device for the discontinuous measurement of the thickness of preferably small work-pieces by means of beta-rays 失效用于通过β射线不连续地测量优选小的工件的厚度的测量装置
公开(公告)号：US3226549A
公开(公告)日：1965-12-28
申请号：US6564060
申请日：1960-10-28
申请人： PHILIPS CORP
CPC分类号： G01N23/16 , G01B15/025 , G01N23/08 , G01T1/18
摘要： 956,727. Ionisation counters. PHILIPS ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. Nov. 23, 1960 [Nov. 26, 1959], No. 40303/60. Heading H1D. [Also in Division G1] The variation of beta radiation incident upon a proportional gas flow ionisation counter tube is used to measure the thickness of workpieces in a device comprising two such tubes, one for measuring and one as a reference, there being in each tube an electrode consisting of two or more wires, the two tubes being connected to a common voltage source and connected in parallel to a common gas supply, the gas flow resistances differing by less than 20%. Each tube comprises a nickel plated cylinder 24 in which is disposed a nickel coated mica window 25 11 , the ends of the cylinder being closed by glass calottes 25 on to which are deposited graphite guard rings 26. The central electrode 17 comprises four wires of e.g., molybdenum, symmetrically disposed around the longitudinal axis of the tube. Methane gas slightly above atmospheric pressure is admitted via a nozzle 15 and emerges via a second nozzle 16 to a capillary tube chosen to match the gas flow resistances of the tubes to within 20%. The workpieces are moved by a conveyer belt between a Strontium 90 source 18 to intercept the beta radiation emergent from a conical diaphragm 20 towards the measuring ionisation counter tube 3.
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