Abstract:
A device includes: a processor configured to execute instructions in a memory, wherein, the instructions are configured to cause the processor to: select a first network group from among network groups, wherein the first network group is selected from among the network groups based on numbers of global links connecting the network groups, respectively; obtain a first list of network groups, among the network groups, that are not connected to the first network group; select a second network group and a third network group from among the network groups in the first list based on connections between the network groups in the first list; and based on the selecting of the first, second, and third network groups, form a topology including global links connecting the first network group, the second network group, and the third network group each to each other.
Abstract:
An electrical stimulation apparatus includes: a cell cluster container comprising a cell cluster configured to secrete an active material; an indicator container comprising an indicator; a controller configured to apply a stimulation voltage to the cell cluster container based on a sensing signal received from the indicator container; a first entrance connected to the cell cluster container and configured to allow either one or both of the cell cluster to be retracted and a new cell cluster to be injected; and a second entrance connected to the indicator container and configured to allow either one or both of the indicator to be retracted and a new indicator to be injected.
Abstract:
A method to detect a packet includes: receiving an input sequence including preambles; detecting a transition from a noise period to a signal period in the input sequence; dynamically adjusting a gain of the input sequence in response to the signal period being initiated; and distinguishing an intended packet from other packets, among packets received in the preambles.
Abstract:
A method and a transmitter for transmitting a pay load sequence are provided. The transmitter includes a ternary sequence mapper configured to map a binary data sequence to a ternary sequence stored in the transmitter, and a pulse shaping filter configured to generate a first signal based on the mapped ternary sequence. The ternary sequence includes elements of −1, 0, and 1
Abstract:
A frequency tuning apparatus includes: a frequency tuner configured to tune an oscillation frequency of an oscillator based on target information extracted from a mapping table in correspondence to a target frequency, and oscillation information collected from the oscillator; and a frequency compensator configured to compensate for a compensation error between the tuned oscillation frequency and the target frequency based on an offset table.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method and a device for transmitting a pay load sequence, and provides in one embodiment a transmitter comprising a first signal converter for converting a ternary payload sequence composed of elements −1, 0, or 1 into a first signal, wherein the first signal converter comprises: a ternary sequence mapper for generating the ternary payload sequence by mapping a pre-designed sequence into a binary data sequence; and a converter for converting the ternary payload sequence into the first signal.
Abstract:
A method and device for transmitting a preamble sequence is disclosed. A transmitter according to an embodiment may extract a first sequence for a non-coherent receiver and a second sequence for a coherent receiver, from ternary preamble sequences including elements −1, 0 and 1, and map the first sequence and the second sequence to a preamble including a plurality of bits to generate a third sequence that the non-coherent receiver and coherent receiver support.
Abstract:
A packet detection method of a receiver estimates noise power based on received samples and an orthogonal sequence that is orthogonal to a preamble sequence of a transmitter. The method verifies whether a packet is present in a radio channel based on the noise power. Also provided is a transmitter that selects a preamble sequence, modulates a transmission packet, and transmits the modulated transmission packet for reception by such a receiver.
Abstract:
A tracking method and apparatus of a communication system to prevent a timing difference and bit error rate performance degradation caused by unstable characteristics of a plurality of circuit devices are provided. The tracking method and apparatus include sampling signals received at receiving antennas, tracking sample values resulting from the sampling of the signals, and combining the tracked sample values.
Abstract:
A power reduction method for a multi-path receiver including multi-receivers, includes detecting a state of the multi-receivers, and controlling clock gating or power gating of the multi-receivers based on the state.