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    Process of making steel by melting sponge iron in an electric arc furnace
    11.
    发明授权
    Process of making steel by melting sponge iron in an electric arc furnace 失效
    通过在电弧炉中熔融海绵铁制造钢的工艺

    公开(公告)号：US4490168A

    公开(公告)日：1984-12-25

    申请号：US569710

    申请日：1984-01-11

    申请人： Lothar Formanek ,  Martin Hirsch ,  Wolfram Schnabel ,  Harry Serbent ,  Klaus-Dietrich Fritzsche ,  Heribert Koenig ,  Detmar Arlt

    发明人： Lothar Formanek ,  Martin Hirsch ,  Wolfram Schnabel ,  Harry Serbent ,  Klaus-Dietrich Fritzsche ,  Heribert Koenig ,  Detmar Arlt

    IPC分类号： C21B13/12 ,  C21B13/14 ,  C21C5/52 ,  F27B3/08 ,  F27D11/08

    CPC分类号： C21C5/5252 ,  C21B13/12

    摘要： Sponge iron produced by direct reduction is melted in an electric arc furnace, in which a pool of liquid metal is maintained. To ensure that liquid carbon-containing iron for forming the pool is available in adequate quantities and that the process can be carried out with the highest possible economy, the sponge iron is reacted in an electric arc furnace on a bath of liquid carbon-containing iron (hot metal), which has been produced from sponge iron or from partly reduced ore in an electric reducing furnace, and in dependence on the electric load changes which are due to the operation of the electric arc furnace the operation of the electric reducing furnace is so controlled that a virtually constant load on the electric power supply system is maintained.

    摘要翻译： 通过直接还原生产的海绵铁在电弧炉中熔化，其中维持液态金属池。 为了确保用于形成池的液体含碳铁足够量并且可以以最高的经济性进行该过程，海绵铁在电弧炉中在含有液体的含碳铁的浴中反应 （铁水），其由电熨斗中的海绵铁或部分还原的矿石生产，并且根据电弧炉的运行导致的电负荷变化，电还原炉的运行是 因此被控制以保持电力供应系统上的几乎恒定的负载。

    Process of directly reducing iron oxide containing materials in a rotary kiln
    12.
    发明授权
    Process of directly reducing iron oxide containing materials in a rotary kiln 失效
    在回转窑中直接还原含氧化铁的材料的工艺

    公开(公告)号：US4369059A

    公开(公告)日：1983-01-18

    申请号：US226958

    申请日：1981-01-21

    申请人： Gerd Elsenheimer ,  Wolfram Schnabel

    发明人： Gerd Elsenheimer ,  Wolfram Schnabel

    IPC分类号： C21B13/08

    CPC分类号： C21B13/08 ,  Y02P10/136

    摘要： Before iron oxide-containing materials is reduced in a rotary kiln by a treatment with solid carbonaceous reducing agents below the melting point of the charge, the iron oxide containing material and carbonaceous reducing agent are preheated in a multiple-hearth furnace, in which the reducing agent is subjected to an at least partial coking or an at least partial low-temperature carbonization. To prevent a partial reduction and sintering, the iron oxide-containing material is preheated in the upper part of the multiple-hearth furnace and the solid carbonaceous reducing agent is separately preheated in the lower part of the multiple-hearth furnace. At least part of the gases produced by the low-temperature carbonization in the lower part of the multiple-furnace is caused to flow in the upper part of said furnace in a countercurrent to the iron oxide-containing material to supply the heat required in said upper part.

    摘要翻译： 在通过在低于电荷熔点的固体碳质还原剂处理的回转窑中还原含氧化铁的材料之前，将含氧化铁的材料和碳质还原剂在多层炉中预热，其中还原 试剂经受至少部分焦化或至少部分低温碳化。 为了防止部分还原和烧结，在多层炉的上部预热含氧化铁的材料，并且在多台炉的下部分别预热固体碳质还原剂。 在多炉的下部通过低温碳化产生的至少一部分气体与所述含铁氧化物的材料逆流而在所述炉的上部流动，以供应所述炉中所需的热量 上面的部分。

    Waelz process of volatilizing zinc and lead from iron oxide-containing materials
    13.
    发明授权
    Waelz process of volatilizing zinc and lead from iron oxide-containing materials 失效
    Waelz工艺从含铁氧化物的材料中挥发锌和铅

    公开(公告)号：US4238222A

    公开(公告)日：1980-12-09

    申请号：US059413

    申请日：1979-07-20

    申请人： Harry Serbent ,  Gerhard Reuter ,  Wolfram Schnabel ,  Gunter Kossek

    发明人： Harry Serbent ,  Gerhard Reuter ,  Wolfram Schnabel ,  Gunter Kossek

    IPC分类号： C22B5/16 ,  C21B13/08 ,  C22B7/02 ,  C22B13/02 ,  C22B19/04 ,  C22B1/02 ,  C22B19/16

    CPC分类号： C21B13/08 ,  C22B13/02 ,  C22B19/04 ,  C22B7/02 ,  Y02P10/212

    摘要： In a Waelz process of volatilizing zinc and lead from iron-containing and oxide-containing material in an inclined rotary kiln, which is charged at its upper end with the material together with solid carbonaceous reducing agent having a high content of volatile combustible constituents, wherein the reduction and volatilization are effected below the softening point of the charge, metallic iron-containing material is discharged from the lower end of the rotary kiln, combustion air is sucked into the lower end of the rotary kiln, and the exhaust gases are sucked from the upper end, the improvement which comprises blowing oxygen-containing gases through tubular air nozzles into the charge disposed over said tubular air nozzles in that region of the heating-up zone which begins where ignitable particles of the solid reducing agent begin to occur and which terminates at up to 50 percent of the length of the kiln.

    摘要翻译： 在一种在倾斜回转窑中从含铁和含氧化物材料中挥发锌和铅的Waelz工艺中，该倾斜回转窑在其上端装有材料以及具有高挥发性可燃成分含量的固体碳质还原剂，其中 还原挥发是在电荷的软化点以下进行的，金属含铁材料从回转窑的下端排出，燃烧空气被吸入回转窑的下端，废气从 上端的改进包括通过管状空气喷嘴将含氧气体吹入设置在加热区域的所述管状空气喷嘴上的电荷中，该加热区开始于固体还原剂可点燃颗粒开始发生，并且哪个 终止于窑长度的50％。

    Process of directly reducing iron-containing oxidic materials
    14.
    发明授权
    Process of directly reducing iron-containing oxidic materials 失效
    直接还原含铁氧化物的工艺

    公开(公告)号：US4144052A

    公开(公告)日：1979-03-13

    申请号：US844853

    申请日：1977-10-25

    申请人： Harry Serbent ,  Wolfram Schnabel

    发明人： Harry Serbent ,  Wolfram Schnabel

    IPC分类号： C21B13/08

    CPC分类号： C21B13/08 ,  Y02P10/136

    摘要： A process has been developed for directly reducing iron-containing oxidic materials to sponge iron by means of a moist solid carbonaceous reducing agent having a high volatile content in a rotary kiln in which the solid charge and a gaseous atmosphere move in counter-current flow through the kiln.

    摘要翻译： 已经开发了一种通过在回转窑中具有高挥发物含量的湿固体碳质还原剂直接还原含铁氧化物质到海绵铁的方法，其中固体电荷和气态气体逆流通过 窑

    Process of producing sponge iron by a direct reduction of iron oxide-containing material in a rotary kiln
    15.
    发明授权
    Process of producing sponge iron by a direct reduction of iron oxide-containing material in a rotary kiln 失效
    通过在回转窑中直接还原含氧化铁的材料生产海绵铁的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4469509A

    公开(公告)日：1984-09-04

    申请号：US417960

    申请日：1982-09-14

    申请人： Karl-Heinz Fischer ,  Wolfram Schnabel ,  Harry Serbent

    发明人： Karl-Heinz Fischer ,  Wolfram Schnabel ,  Harry Serbent

    IPC分类号： C21B13/08

    CPC分类号： C21B13/08 ,  Y02P10/136

    摘要： In the operation of the rotary kiln provided at its charging end with a central burner, solid reducing agents having a high content of volatile constituents are used and the charge and the gas atmosphere are conducted in cocurrent streams. To avoid a high heat load per unit of volume in the heating-up zone and yet to increase the heating-up rate, a solid carbonaceous reducing agent having a high content of volatile constituents is charged together with the iron oxide-containing material into the charging end of the rotary kiln, oxygen-containing gases are blown through nozzle blocks into the free gas space and into the charge in the heating-up zone, and oxygen-containing gases are blown through nozzle blocks into the free kiln space in the reducing zone.

    摘要翻译： 在用中央燃烧器在其充电端设置的回转窑的操作中，使用具有高挥发成分含量的固体还原剂，并且电荷和气体气氛以并流方式进行。 为了避免加热区中每单位体积的高热负荷，并且为了提高升温速率，将具有高挥发成分含量的固体碳质还原剂与含氧化铁的材料一起装入 回转窑的充电端，含氧气体通过喷嘴块吹入自由气体空间并进入加热区中的电荷，含氧气体通过喷嘴块吹入自由窑空间中， 区。

    Process of producing quicklime by calcining in a rotary kiln
    16.
    发明授权
    Process of producing quicklime by calcining in a rotary kiln 失效
    通过在回转窑中煅烧生产生石灰的工艺

    公开(公告)号：US4368177A

    公开(公告)日：1983-01-11

    申请号：US250490

    申请日：1981-04-02

    申请人： Wolfram Schnabel ,  Gerhard Reuter ,  Herbert Lausch

    发明人： Wolfram Schnabel ,  Gerhard Reuter ,  Herbert Lausch

    IPC分类号： C04B2/10 ,  C01F11/04 ,  C01F11/06

    CPC分类号： C04B2/10 ,  Y02P40/42

    摘要： A process is disclosed for producing quicklime by a calcining treatment with a hot gas in a rotary kiln, wherein solid carbonaceous fuel for producing hot gas is fed into the charging end of the rotary kiln and an oxygen-containing gas is blown through nozzle blocks into the charge disposed over nozzle blocks in the heating-up zone beginning at the point where ignitable particles of the solid fuel first appear, the improvement wherein:(a) an oxygen-containing gas is blown through nozzle blocks into the charge disposed over nozzle blocks in that region of the heating-up zone which begins with the appearance of ignitable particles of the solid fuels and which ends where the temperature in the charge does not rise further;(b) oxygen-containing gases are blown through nozzle blocks into the charge disposed over nozzle blocks in a calcining zone which succeeds said heating-up zone and at such a rate that the temperature in the charge is held constant and for as long as the temperature remains constant,(c) oxygen-containing gases are blown into the free kiln space where the kiln atmosphere contains combustible gaseous constituents, and(d) the rates at which oxygen-containing gases are blown into the free kiln space are so controlled that the exhaust gas is virtually free from combustible gaseous constituents.

    摘要翻译： 公开了通过在回转窑中用热气体进行煅烧处理来生产生石灰的方法，其中用于产生热气体的固体碳质燃料被供给到回转窑的充电端，含氧气体通过喷嘴块吹入 首先在固体燃料的可点燃颗粒出现的点开始处于加热区中的喷嘴块上的电荷，其中：（a）含氧气体通过喷嘴块吹入设置在喷嘴块上的电荷 在加热区域的该区域中，其以固体燃料的可点燃颗粒的出现开始，并且其中充电中的温度不再进一步升高; （b）含氧气体通过喷嘴块吹入在成为所述加热区域的煅烧区域中设置在喷嘴块上的电荷中，并且以使得电荷中的温度保持恒定并且长达 温度保持恒定，（c）含氧气体被吹入窑空气中，其中窑气含有可燃气体组分，（d）含氧气体吹入游离窑空间的速率受到如此控制，即 废气基本上不含可燃气体组分。

    Process for the direct reduction of iron oxide-containing materials in a rotary kiln
    17.
    发明授权
    Process for the direct reduction of iron oxide-containing materials in a rotary kiln 失效
    用于在回转窑中直接还原含氧化铁的材料的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4181520A

    公开(公告)日：1980-01-01

    申请号：US952870

    申请日：1978-10-19

    申请人： Gerhard Reuter ,  Wolfram Schnabel

    发明人： Gerhard Reuter ,  Wolfram Schnabel

    IPC分类号： C21B13/08

    CPC分类号： C21B13/08 ,  Y02P10/136

    摘要： Iron oxide-containing materials, such as iron ores, are directly reduced to produce sponge iron by a treatment with solid carbonaceous reducing agents in a rotary kiln at temperatures below the softening and melting point of the charge wherein the kiln atmosphere flows opposite to the direction of movement of the charge. At least part of the solid carbonaceous reducing agent is charged in an agglomerated form into the rotary kiln at the charging end thereof and oxygen containing gases are fed into the rotary kiln. A highly reactive, solid carbonaceous reducing agent containing 20-50% volatile constituents are charged in agglomerated form into the rotary kiln the charging end thereof and are heated up at such a rate that the reducing agent disintegrates into fine particles substantially in and before the end of the heating-up zone of the rotary kiln.

    摘要翻译： 通过在低于电荷的软化点和熔点的温度下在固体碳质还原剂的处理中将含铁氧化物的材料（例如铁矿石）直接还原成生产海绵铁，其中窑气体与方向相反的方向流动 的运动。 将固体碳质还原剂的至少一部分在其装料端装入回转窑中，并将含氧气体进料到回转窑中。 含有20-50％挥发性成分的高反应性固体碳质还原剂以附聚形式装入回转窑的装料端，并以这样的速率被加热，使得还原剂基本上在结束前和之后分解成细颗粒 的回转窑的加热区域。

    Process for generating heat and producing sponge iron
    18.
    发明授权
    Process for generating heat and producing sponge iron 失效
    产生热量和生产海绵铁的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4676824A

    公开(公告)日：1987-06-30

    申请号：US761017

    申请日：1985-07-31

    申请人： Georg Daradimos ,  Martin Hirsch ,  Wolfram Schnabel

    发明人： Georg Daradimos ,  Martin Hirsch ,  Wolfram Schnabel

    IPC分类号： C21B13/08 ,  F22B31/00 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F23C10/26 ,  F23G5/30 ,  F27B7/00 ,  F27B19/04 ,  F27D17/00

    CPC分类号： F23C10/26 ,  C21B13/08 ,  F22B31/003 ,  F22B31/0084 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F23G5/30 ,  F27B19/04 ,  F27B7/00 ,  F27D17/004 ,  F23C2206/101 ,  F23G2206/203 ,  F23G2209/14 ,  Y02E20/12 ,  Y02P10/136 ,  Y02P10/212 ,  Y02P10/265 ,  Y02P10/283 ,  Y02P10/34

    摘要： Sponge iron is produced by a direct reduction of iron oxide containing materials in a rotary kiln, the material discharged from the rotary kiln is separated into sponge iron and material which contains surplus carbon, the carbon-containing material is burnt in a fluidized bed reactor containing a circulating fluidized bed, and the heat generated by the combustion is recovered and utilized to produce electric power. To ensure a utilization of the surplus energies of the rotary kiln process and to minimize the contents of SO.sub.2, NO.sub.X, and CaS, the dust-containing exhaust gas from the rotary kiln is supplied to the fluidized bed reactor and is afterburnt therein, at least a major part of all oxygen-containing gases supplied to the fluidized bed reactor is supplied as a fluidizing gas to the lower portion of the fluidized bed reactor, the combustion of the combustible constituents is effected with an over-stoichiometric oxygen content, and the solids entrained by the gases discharged from the fluidized bed reactor are recycled to the fluidized bed reactor in such a manner that the weight of solids circulated per hour is at least 5 times the weight of the solids contained in the fluidized bed reactor.

    摘要翻译： 通过在回转窑中直接还原含氧化铁的材料制造海绵铁，将从回转窑排出的材料分离成海绵铁和含有多余碳的材料，含碳材料在含有 循环流化床，并且回收利用燃烧产生的热量来产生电力。 为了确保利用回转窑工艺的剩余能量并使SO2，NOX和CaS的含量最小化，来自回转窑的含尘废气被提供给流化床反应器，并在其中被燃烧至少 供应到流化床反应器的所有含氧气体的主要部分作为流化气体供应到流化床反应器的下部，可燃组分的燃烧以超过化学计量的氧含量进行，并且固体 由流化床反应器排出的气体夹带的循环方式使得每小时循环的固体重量至少为流化床反应器中所含固体重量的5倍。