摘要:
A membrane supported biofilm reactor uses modules having fine, hollow fibres, for example, made from dense wall Poly methylpentene (PMP) used in tows or formed into a fabric. In one module, one or more sheets of the fabric are potted into a module to enable oxygen containing gas to be supplied to the lumens of the hollow fibres. Various reactors and processes, for example to treat wastewater, using such modules are described. Mechanical, chemical and biological methods are used to control the thickness of the biofilm.
摘要:
An electrically driven membrane process apparatus is provided comprising a first spacer having a perimeter having a surface with an inner peripheral edge defining an opening, and a recess formed on the inner peripheral edge, and an ion exchange membrane having an outer edge fitted within the recess. The spacer can further comprise a plurality of bosses and an ion exchange membrane having a corresponding plurality of apertures for receiving the bosses. The spacer can include a plastic mesh consisting essentially of polypropylene or polyethylene, and a perimeter surrounding the plastic mesh, the perimeter comprising material selected from the group consisting of thermoplastic vulcanizates and thermoplastic elastomeric olefins. The spacer can have an upstanding seal member depending therefrom, received by groove within a corresponding frame member. A second spacer is also provided having a continuous flange depending from its surface and surrounding a throughbore, for pinching a portion of the first spacer. A method of injection molding a thin plastic part comprising a perimeter having an inner peripheral edge and a mesh joined to the inner peripheral edge is also provided including the steps of (a) providing first and second mold halves, each of the mold halves having an interior surface and a continuous ridge depending therefrom; and (b) pinching opposite side of the mesh between the ridges to form a flow barrier.
摘要:
An electrodeionization apparatus adapted to remove ions from a liquid, the apparatus having a cathode proximate a first end of the apparatus and an anode proximate the opposite end of the apparatus and having a plurality of alternating diluting compartments and concentrating compartments positioned between the cathode and the anode, the diluting and concentrating compartments defined by anion and cation permeable membranes, and ion exchange material positioned within the diluting compartments, the diluting compartments having therein a continuous phase of a first ion exchange material containing a dispersed phase of clusters of a second ion exchange material. The method of removing ions from a liquid in such an electrodeionization apparatus comprises passing an aqueous liquid to be purified through the diluting compartments in which the diluting compartments have the continuous phase of a first ion exchange material with the dispersed phase of a second ion exchange material.