A video decoder can be configured to determine a predicted luma quantization parameter (QP) for a luma component of a coding unit; receive, in the bitstream of encoded video data, first syntax indicating a luma delta QP value for the luma component; determine a QP value for the luma component based on the predicted luma QP and the luma delta QP value; determine a predicted chroma QP for a chroma component of the coding unit; receive, in the bitstream of encoded video data, second syntax indicating a chroma delta QP value for the chroma component of the coding unit; and determine a QP value for the chroma component of the coding unit based on the predicted chroma QP and the chroma delta QP value.