The invention relates to the technical field of data processing, in particular to a data synchronization method and synchronization device for an image sensor and an inertial sensor. The synchronization method comprises the following steps of: timing the image sensor and the inertial sensor under the same time reference; obtaining an intermediate moment of the exposure time of the image sensor asan image data acquisition moment; and obtaining an intermediate moment of each group of sampling data used for forming output data in the inertial sensor as an inertial data acquisition moment, each group of sampling data comprising a plurality of pieces of data sequentially acquired according to an internal clock sampling period of the inertial sensor. According to the data synchronization methodfor the image sensor and the inertial sensor provided by the invention, the image data among the plurality of image sensors can be accurately synchronized, and the image sensor and the inertial sensor can be further subjected to data synchronization.