The invention relates to an X-ray filament power source device based on the laser energy supply technology. The X-ray filament power source device comprises a host computer, a laser emission module, an energy supply fiber, a photoelectric conversion module, a DC/DC power source module, a measurement power source module, a filament voltage current measurement module, a voltage measurement transmission fiber, a current measurement transmission fiber, a fiber reception module, a CPLD module, a high pressure oil tank and a filament, wherein the photoelectric conversion module, the DC/DC power source module, the measurement power source module and the filament voltage current measurement module are arranged in the high pressure oil tank to realize insulation, sealing and heat radiation, and thephotoelectric conversion module, the DC/DC power source module and the measurement power source module are respectively added with heat radiation fins and are fixed at a side wall of the high pressure oil tank. The X-ray filament power source device is advantaged in that the laser energy supply mode is employed, the non-conductive characteristic of the laser is utilized, two ends of the energy supply fiber are made to have no direct electrical connection, so electrical isolation is realized, problems of insulation technical difficulty and severe electromagnetic interference are solved, the filament power in a range of 0-20W is adjustable, and use requirements of a X-ray filament power source are excellently satisfied.