The invention discloses a pruner provided with a bionic blade and a differential clamping mechanism. The pruner comprises a blade layer, a middle plate layer and a branch clamping layer, wherein a movable blade, a blade layer plate, a middle layer plate, a branch clamping plate and a movable branch clamping plate are fixedly connected in sequence, and the blade layer plate is tightly connected with the middle layer plate through screws; a handle I and a handle II are fixed between the branch clamping plate and the blade layer plate respectively, the movable blade is hinged with the handle II through a connecting rod I, a connecting rod III is connected with the handle I, the movable branch clamping plate is riveted with a connecting rod II, and the connecting rod II and the connecting rod III are hinged through a round slider screw which is glidingly connected between the branch clamping plate and a cover II; a cylinder compression spring is fixed between the handle I and the handle II through a spring seat, a cylinder torsion spring is arranged in an end groove of the handle II, one end of the cylinder torsion spring is clamped in the groove wall, and the other end is clamped in a groove formed in the middle layer plate. The pruner can clamp a fruit when a branch is cut by the blade, and fruit cutting and picking and branch pruning are realized by a single hand.