The invention discloses a turbo blade ultrasonic nondestructive testing system. In order to overcome a problem of low nondestructive testing efficiency in the prior art and poor stability of complex curved surface turbine blades, the turbine blade ultrasonic nondestructive testing system includes an industrial personal computer, a measuring platform, a serial-parallel hybrid machine tool, a ultrasonic transmitting and receiving mechanism and a water circulation system. The serial-parallel hybrid machine tool is installed on the foundation, the measuring platform is installed on the left side of the serial-parallel hybrid machine tool, and the water circulation system is installed on the right side of the serial-parallel hybrid machine tool. The output port of a laser micrometer is connected with the input port of the industrial personal computer through a network cable. The input port of a motion control card is connected with the output port of the industrial personal computer. A water nozzle is installed on an X-axis kinematic pair. An ultrasonic transducer is installed on the water nozzle. An ultrasonic card is installed on the industrial personal computer. The input port of the ultrasonic card is connected with the output port of the industrial personal computer, and the output port of the ultrasonic card is connected with the input port cable of the ultrasonic transducer. The water inlet of the water circulation system is connected with the water outlet of a moving platform through a pipeline.