The present invention aims to provide a hydraulic drive device for a construction machine which is configured in such a manner that, even if a filter disposed in an oil path for connecting a valve and a relief valve clogs, high-pressure oil in a portion of the oil path, the portion connecting the valve and the filter, can be led to the relief valve using a relatively inexpensive structure. [Solution] The present invention is provided with: a hydraulic pump (20); and a charge valve (25) to which pressure oil from the hydraulic pump (20) is supplied through an oil path (26). The charge valve (25) has provided therein: a valve, such as an on-off valve (33), switched by the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump (20); a relief valve (34) for determining the maximum value of the pressure for switching the on-off valve (33); and a filter (36) disposed in the oil path (35) for connecting the on-off valve (33) and the relief valve (34). The oil path (35) is provided with a check valve (37) which is provided parallel to the filter (36), permits the flow of the pressure oil from the on-off valve (33) side to the relief valve (34) side, and blocks the flow of the pressure oil from the relief valve (34) side to the on-off valve (33) side.