The invention provides a surging predicted control apparatus and control method for marine diesel engine turbine supercharger. The apparatus comprises a pressure sensor, a speed sensor, a V/F modular converter, a frequency meter, an A/D modular converter, a power module, a surging predicted control unit and an air circulating device, an exhaust gas diffluence apparatus, a data storage and alarm indicator. When controlling, at first rotate speed feeding back by the sensor and fluctuation frequency of the turbine supercharger outlet pressure are received, fluctuation frequencies of the outlet pressure and the peak-peak value fluctuation conditions corresponding under each rotate speed obtained by pretest and measured by fact carry out contrast analysis; If surging foreboding is provided in the analytical result and is prevented by controlling air circulating device; if without surging foreboding, the air circulating device is not operated, the supercharger works normally. The invention can greatly reduce occurrence frequency of supercharger surging incident during working in the marine diesel engine to avoid grave accident.