公开(公告)号：US06766252B2

公开(公告)日：2004-07-20

申请号：US10056747

申请日：2002-01-24

申请人： Joakim O. Blanch ,  Georgios L. Varsamis

发明人： Joakim O. Blanch ,  Georgios L. Varsamis

IPC分类号： G01V504

CPC分类号： G01V1/48

摘要： The specification discloses a signal processing technique applicable in acoustic logging devices. The method involves receiving a set of acoustic signals and converting those received signals to their frequency domain representation. Values of the frequency domain representations along constant frequencies are correlated to produce a correlation matrix. Eigenvectors and eigenvalues of the correlation matrix are determined, and the eigenvectors corresponding to signals of interest are removed to create a subspace. Thereafter, a series of test vectors, which test vectors embody a series of estimated slowness values, are applied to the subspace vector. If the test vector maps to or may be represented by the subspace, then the estimated slowness embodied in the test vector maps to noise of the system and is not the correct value for the formation. If, however, the test vector does not map to the subspace, then the slowness embodied in the test vector approximates the actual formation slowness.

摘要翻译： 本说明书公开了一种适用于声学测井装置的信号处理技术。 该方法包括接收一组声信号并将这些接收到的信号转换成它们的频域表示。 沿着恒定频率的频域表示的值被相关以产生相关矩阵。 确定相关矩阵的特征向量和特征值，并且去除与感兴趣信号相对应的特征向量以创建子空间。 此后，将一系列测试向量体现为一系列估计的慢度值，被应用于子空间向量。 如果测试矢量映射到子空间或可能由子空间表示，则测试矢量中体现的估计慢度映射到系统的噪声，并不是正确的形成值。 然而，如果测试矢量不映射到子空间，则测试矢量中体现的慢度近似于实际的地层慢度。

公开(公告)号：US06781115B2

公开(公告)日：2004-08-24

申请号：US10091251

申请日：2002-03-05

申请人： Christian Stoller ,  Xavier Herve ,  Sunil N. Gulrajani ,  Peter Wraight ,  Verna L. Lomax ,  Dennis J. Pittman ,  Jean-Pierre Poyet

发明人： Christian Stoller ,  Xavier Herve ,  Sunil N. Gulrajani ,  Peter Wraight ,  Verna L. Lomax ,  Dennis J. Pittman ,  Jean-Pierre Poyet

IPC分类号： G01V504

CPC分类号： G01V5/104 ,  G01V5/04

摘要： A system and method are disclosed for detecting radiation phenomena in an area surrounding a wellbore traversing an earth formation. A logging instrument is equipped with combined radiation detectors to provide multiple measurements at the same axial position along the instrument axis, without the use of rotating parts within the instrument. Shielded or segmented detectors provide azimuthally focused detector sensitivity. A controllable radiation source is optionally disposed on the instrument for subsurface irradiation. Also disclosed is the use of radioactive materials in unison with the logging instrument to determine subsurface flow and reservoir characteristics.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于检测穿过地层的井身周围区域中的辐射现象的系统和方法。 测井仪器配备有组合式辐射探测器，可在仪器轴线的同一轴向位置提供多次测量，而无需使用仪器内的旋转部件。 屏蔽或分段检测器提供方位角聚焦检测器灵敏度。 可控辐射源可选地设置在仪器上用于地下照射。 还公开了使用放射性材料与测井仪器一致以确定地下水流和储层特性。

公开(公告)号：US06696684B2

公开(公告)日：2004-02-24

申请号：US10034476

申请日：2001-12-28

申请人： Richard J. Radtke ,  Robert A. Adolph ,  Hélène C. Climent ,  Luca Ortenzi

发明人： Richard J. Radtke ,  Robert A. Adolph ,  Hélène C. Climent ,  Luca Ortenzi

IPC分类号： G01V504

CPC分类号： G01V5/125

摘要： A method for tool path identification in formation evaluation includes obtaining measurements of formation properties in azimuthal sectors for each of a plurality of depth levels; calculating quality factors from the measurements; identifying a centroid or maximum of the quality factors among the measurements in each of the azimuthal sectors for each depth level; and associating the centroid or maximum of the quality factors at each depth level along a borehole to form the tool path. Calculating the quality factors may include parameterizing the measurements according to at least one factor selected from a spine factor, a rib factor, and a volumetric photoelectric factor. A method for determining corrected measurements for formation properties includes identifying a tool path from measurements taken in azimuthal sectors at each depth level along a borehole; and calculating a corrected measurement at the each depth level by averaging measurements in the azimuthal sectors adjacent the tool path.

摘要翻译： 在地层评价中用于工具路径识别的方法包括获得多个深度级中的每一个的方位角扇区中的地层特性的测量; 从测量中计算质量因子; 在每个深度级的每个方位角扇区中测量质量因子的质心或最大值; 并且沿着钻孔将每个深度级的质量因子的质心或最大值相关联以形成工具路径。 计算质量因子可以包括根据从脊柱因子，肋因子和体积光电因子中选择的至少一个因素来参数化测量。 用于确定用于地层性质的校正测量的方法包括从沿着钻孔的每个深度级的方位角段中进行的测量中识别刀具路径; 以及通过对与所述刀具路径相邻的所述方位区域中的测量进行平均，来计算所述每个深度级的校正测量值。

公开(公告)号：US06665616B2

公开(公告)日：2003-12-16

申请号：US10066839

申请日：2002-02-04

申请人： Medhat W. Mickael

发明人： Medhat W. Mickael

IPC分类号： G01V504

CPC分类号： G01V5/101 ,  G01V5/104

摘要： Measurements from many logging instruments such as Gamma ray counts from a pulsed neutron instrument, typically have a spectrum that contains a plurality of exponentially decaying components. The slowest decaying component is obtained by fitting a single exponential over the tail end of the data and selecting a beginning for the fitting window that minimizes the product of the chi-square and the standard error of the fit. The single determined component may be subtracted from the data and the process repeated to give additional components. The determined components are indicative of thermal neutron capture cross-sections.

摘要翻译： 来自许多测井仪器的测量，例如来自脉冲中子仪器的伽马射线计数，通常具有包含多个指数衰减分量的光谱。 通过在数据的尾端拟合单个指数，并选择最小化卡方乘积和拟合的标准误差的拟合窗口的开始来获得最慢的衰减分量。 可以从数据中减去单个确定的分量，重复该过程以产生附加组件。 确定的组分表示热中子捕获截面。

公开(公告)号：US06566649B1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-20

申请号：US09579971

申请日：2000-05-26

申请人： Medhat W. Mickael

发明人： Medhat W. Mickael

IPC分类号： G01V504

CPC分类号： G01V5/125

摘要： A nuclear logging-while-drilling measuring systems, and the correction of the formation property measurements for adverse effects of instrument standoff from the borehole wall, is disclosed. Detector responses for one or more downhole detectors are sampled and recorded over a time segment. The response samples are then sorted by magnitude, and a running integral of the sorted samples as a function of time is performed over the time segment. Linear segments are then fitted to the running integral, wherein each straight line segment is a function of one or more formation properties, and also a function of the standoff distance of the detector from the borehole wall. Segments are then combined to obtain a measure of one or more formation properties of interest, where the adverse effects of borehole standoff are minimized. Standoff magnitude is also obtained. No independent caliper of the borehole is required to perform the standoff correction.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种核测井钻井测量系统，以及对来自井壁的仪表间隔的不利影响的地层性能测量的校正。 对一个或多个井下检测器的检测器响应在时间段进行采样和记录。 然后将响应样本按大小排序，并且在时间段上执行作为时间的函数的排序样本的运行积分。 然后将线性段拟合到运行积分，其中每个直线段是一个或多个地层特性的函数，以及检测器与钻孔壁的间隔距离的函数。 然后组合段以获得一个或多个感兴趣的形成特性的量度，其中井眼间隔的不利影响被最小化。 也获得了间隔幅度。 不需要独立的钻孔尺度来执行间隔校正。

公开(公告)号：US06437326B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-20

申请号：US09604440

申请日：2000-06-27

申请人： Tsutomu Yamate ,  Oliver C. Mullins

发明人： Tsutomu Yamate ,  Oliver C. Mullins

IPC分类号： G01V504

CPC分类号： E21B49/081 ,  B08B7/028 ,  E21B47/102 ,  E21B49/08 ,  G01N2021/154

摘要： Systems for measuring the gas-oil ratio of fluid being produced in a wellbore are provided and generally include an uphole light source which produces a high amplitude near infrared signal at selected wavelengths, an uphole spectrometer, a processor coupled to the spectrometer for making GOR determinations, a plurality of optical cells in contact with wellbore fluid and located along various locations of the wellbore, and a fiber optic system which couples the uphole light source to the “input side” of each of the optical cells, and which couples the “output side” of each of the optical cells to the spectrometer. The light source preferably produces high amplitude NIR light at or around 1.72 microns (an oil peak), 1.67 microns (a methane peak), 1.6 microns (a baseline), and 1.58 microns (a carbon dioxide peak). Various sources are disclosed including tunable sources, diode arrays, and broad band sources. Various embodiments of the fiber optic system are provided including a dual path system, a shared path system, a main fiber line system, and a complimentary (redundant) system. Multicell configurations are provided for each fiber optic system embodiment. In addition, various embodiments of the optical cell are provided including a sampler cell which includes a floating piston which pulls in and pushes out sample fluid, and different probe cells.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于测量在井眼中产生的流体的瓦斯 - 油比的系统，并且通常包括产生选定波长的高幅度近红外信号的井上光源，井眼光谱仪，耦合到光谱仪的处理器，用于进行GOR测定 ，与井眼流体接触并沿着井筒的各个位置定位的多个光学单元，以及将该井上光源耦合到每个光学单元的“输入侧”的光纤系统，并将“输出 每个光学单元的一侧“到光谱仪。 光源优选产生1.72微米（油峰）或1.72微米（甲烷峰值），1.6微米（基线）和1.58微米（二氧化碳峰）处或其附近的高振幅NIR光。 公开了各种来源，包括可调谐源，二极管阵列和宽带源。 提供了光纤系统的各种实施例，其包括双路径系统，共享路径系统，主光纤线路系统和互补（冗余）系统。 为每个光纤系统实施例提供多介质配置。 此外，提供光学单元的各种实施例，其包括采样器单元，其包括拉入和推出样品流体的浮动活塞以及不同的探针单元。

公开(公告)号：US06373050B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-16

申请号：US09414976

申请日：1999-10-07

申请人： Bedabrata Pain ,  Guang Yang ,  Chao Sun ,  Timothy J. Shaw ,  Chris J. Wrigley

发明人： Bedabrata Pain ,  Guang Yang ,  Chao Sun ,  Timothy J. Shaw ,  Chris J. Wrigley

IPC分类号： G01V504

CPC分类号： H04N5/361 ,  G01J1/16 ,  G01J1/46 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  H04N5/33

摘要： A circuit for reading out a signal from an infrared detector includes a current-mode background-signal subtracting circuit having a current memory which can be enabled to sample and store a dark level signal from the infrared detector during a calibration phase. The signal stored by the current memory is subtracted from a signal received from the infrared detector during an imaging phase. The circuit also includes a buffered direct injection input circuit and a differential voltage readout section. By performing most of the background signal estimation and subtraction in a current mode, a low gain can be provided by the buffered direct injection input circuit to keep the gain of the background signal relatively small, while a higher gain is provided by the differential voltage readout circuit. An array of such readout circuits can be used in an imager having an array of infrared detectors. The readout circuits can provide a high effective handling capacity.

摘要翻译： 用于从红外检测器读出信号的电路包括具有当前存储器的电流模式背景信号减法电路，其能够在校准阶段期间从红外检测器采样和存储暗电平信号。 在成像阶段，从红外检测器接收到的信号中减去当前存储器存储的信号。 电路还包括缓冲直接注入输入电路和差分电压读出部分。 通过在当前模式下执行大部分背景信号估计和减法，缓冲直接注入输入电路可以提供低增益，以保持背景信号的增益相对较小，而差分电压读出提供更高的增益 电路。 这种读出电路的阵列可用于具有红外检测器阵列的成像器中。 读出电路可以提供高效的处理能力。

公开(公告)号：US06366859B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-02

申请号：US09554035

申请日：2000-05-08

申请人： Philippe Rabiller ,  Frédéric Robail

发明人： Philippe Rabiller ,  Frédéric Robail

IPC分类号： G01V504

CPC分类号： G01V3/38 ,  G01V11/002

摘要： Method of detecting breaks in logging signals consisting of logs of different kinds recorded as a function of depth, of the type consisting in selecting a portion from each of the said logs in such a way that all the selected portions have a same depth interval in common, one of the selected portions being regarded as reference portion; selecting a parent wavelet function and constructing, from the said parent function, a family of wavelet analysis functions dependent on spatial frequency and on depth, the said method being characterized in that it furthermore consists in calculating, for each portion of log selected and for each depth datum, the absolute value of the mean gradient of the characteristic quantity of the wavelet transform for the various spatial analysis frequencies; selecting, for each portion of log processed, the peaks of the absolute value of the mean gradient of the characteristic quantity.

摘要翻译： 检测作为深度函数记录的由不同种类的日志构成的记录信号的断裂的方法，包括从每个所述记录中选择一部分，使得所有所选择的部分具有相同的深度间隔 所选择的部分之一被视为参考部分; 选择父小波函数并从所述父函数中构建依赖于空间频率和深度的一系列小波分析函数，所述方法的特征在于，其还包括对于选择的每个部分和针对每个 深度数据，各种空间分析频率的小波变换特征量的平均梯度的绝对值; 对于处理的对数的每个部分，选择特征量的平均梯度的绝对值的峰值。

公开(公告)号：US06289283B1

公开(公告)日：2001-09-11

申请号：US09487061

申请日：2000-01-19

申请人： Ronald E. Plasek

发明人： Ronald E. Plasek

IPC分类号： G01V504

CPC分类号： G01V5/101

摘要： A method and apparatus are provided for correcting gamma ray data representative of gamma ray energies for spectral degradation. The method and apparatus include degrading reference gamma ray spectra. At least one correction factor is calculated between the degraded gamma ray spectra and the reference gamma ray spectra. The gamma ray data are then corrected using a calculated correction factor. Another method is provided for determining a correction factor for correcting data representative of gamma ray energies for spectral degradation. The method includes disposing a downhole tool in a simulated environment representative of actual downhole conditions, the tool including a neutron source and at least one gamma ray detector. The temperature of at least one of the gamma ray detectors of the tool is then varied while the simulated environment is irradiated with neutrons emitted from the neutron source. Gamma ray energy signals are then detected at the at least one detector in response to gamma rays produced during nuclear reactions between the neutrons and materials in and of the simulated environment. A characteristic of the simulated environment is then determined along with a characteristic of the at least one detector. The determined characteristics of the simulated environment and of the at least one detector are then correlated to determine at least one correction factor.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于校正代表用于光谱降解的伽马射线能量的伽马射线数据的方法和装置。 该方法和装置包括降解参考伽马射线谱。 在降解的伽马射线光谱和参考伽马射线光谱之间计算至少一个校正因子。 然后使用计算的校正因子校正伽马射线数据。 提供另一种方法用于确定用于校正表示用于光谱降解的伽马射线能量的数据的校正因子。 该方法包括在代表实际井下条件的模拟环境中布置井下工具，所述工具包括中子源和至少一个伽马射线检测器。 然后，在从中子源发射的中子照射模拟环境的同时改变工具的伽马射线检测器中的至少一个的温度。 然后在至少一个检测器处响应于在模拟环境中的中子和材料之间的核反应期间产生的伽马射线来检测伽马射线能量信号。 然后随着至少一个检测器的特性确定模拟环境的特性。 然后将确定的模拟环境和至少一个检测器的特性相关联以确定至少一个校正因子。

公开(公告)号：US06215120B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-10

申请号：US09276270

申请日：1999-03-25

申请人： Larry L. Gadeken ,  Gulamabbas A. Merchant

发明人： Larry L. Gadeken ,  Gulamabbas A. Merchant

IPC分类号： G01V504

CPC分类号： G01V5/04

摘要： A method for determining the azimuthal direction of a maximum in a series of gamma ray count measurements that are each assigned to an azimuthal sector, comprising: determining the x- and y-components of the gamma ray counts for each sector, averaging the component values to obtain averaged x- and y-components, and calculating the corresponding aximuthal angle for the maximum by computing the arctangent of the ratio of the averaged y- and x-components.

摘要翻译： 一种用于确定每个分配给方位角扇区的一系列伽马射线计数测量中的最大值的方位角方向的方法，包括：确定每个扇区的伽马射线计数的x和y分量，对分量值进行平均 以获得平均的x和y分量，并且通过计算平均的y和x分量的比率的反正切来计算最大值的对应的角度。