Abstract:
A free radical sterilization system having a chamber defining a region, and a generator for generating free radical reach effluent from a free radical electric generator and/or a vaporizer. A closed loop circulating system without a free-radical destroyer is provided for supplying the mixture of free radicals from the electric generator mixed with the hydrogen peroxide solution in the form of the effluent to the chamber. The free-radical sterilization system is used in sterilizing items in the chamber and, with an open-bottomed wound chamber, in treating wounds on a body.
Abstract:
A free radical sterilization system having a chamber defining a region, and a generator for generating free radical reach effluent from a free radical electric generator and/or a vaporizer. A closed loop circulating system without a free-radical destroyer is provided for supplying the mixture of free radicals from the electric generator mixed with the hydrogen peroxide solution in the form of the effluent to the chamber. The free-radical sterilization system is used in sterilizing items in the chamber and, with an open-bottomed wound chamber, in treating wounds on a body.
Abstract:
A natural circulation boiler for heating includes a water tank wherein the height of one side is formed to be lower than the height of the other side to include a water storage part wherein water is stored, and a water inlet is formed on the top of the one side, a check valve installed at the bottom of the water tank, and including a body part, a top connection part formed on the top of the body part, a bottom connection part formed at the bottom of the body part and a backflow prevention plate that opens or blocks the flow path of the top connection part, a water discharge tube wherein one end thereof is connected with the bottom connection part of the check valve and the other end thereof is connected with the top connection part of the check valve, an electric heater wherein one end thereof is connected with the bottom connection part of the check valve to heat the water supplied from the water tank, a discharge tube connected with the other end of the electric heater to feed the water heated at the electric heater to a heating zone, a water tank suction part formed to interface with a hole formed at the bottom of the other side of the water tank, a suction tube whose one end is connected with the water tank suction part, and a pressure reduction tube formed such that one end interfaces with the suction tube, and the other end interfaces with the air storage part on the top of the other side of the water tank.
Abstract:
A once-through steam generator including one or more steam-generating circuits extending between inlet and outlet ends thereof and including one or more pipes, the steam-generating circuit having a heating segment at least partially defining a heating portion of the once-through steam generator, and one or more heat sources for generating heat to which the heating segment is subjected. The steam-generating circuit is adapted to receive feedwater at the inlet end, the feedwater being subjected to the heat from the heat source to convert the feedwater into steam and water. The pipe has a bore therein at least partially defined by an inner surface, and at least a portion of the inner surface has ribs at least partially defining a helical flow passage. The helical flow passage guides the water therealong for imparting a swirling motion thereto, to control concentrations of the impurities in the water.
Abstract:
A steam generator circulation system is provided and includes a boiler feed pump for forcing water through an economizer, and through the waterwall tubes of an evaporator. A separator receives a mixture of steam and water and sends the steam to a steam utilization unit such as a superheater. A valve is provided below the separator. If the valve is open, the saturated water from the separator is mixed with feedwater and recirculated through the tubes of the evaporator. If the valve is closed, recirculation is terminated. At loads below the critical point, the valve below the separator system would be open and the boiler would operate like a natural circulation drum boiler. At loads above the critical point, the valve below the separator system would be closed resulting in a boiler that operates like a once-through boiler.
Abstract:
Disclosed is an apparatus and process for recovering heat from multiple hot process streams without multiplying instrumentation. Each hot process stream is indirectly heat exchanged with a water circuit which leaves and feeds a steam drum. Heat is added to the steam drum through the addition of water heated outside of the steam drum. The heated liquid and vapor water is heated in heat exchangers decoupled from the steam drum. The water circuits are arranged in parallel with each other and feed a single steam drum to provide a steam product of a desired pressure for which only one set of instrumentation is needed.
Abstract:
A downshot boiler for heating water comprising a first combustion chamber; at least one tube for transporting water, each tube being at least partially located at the first combustion chamber, heating means for heating the first combustion chamber, the heating means comprising a downshot burner, wherein the boiler is adapted to heat the water to a supercritical condition. A method of heating water comprising the steps of transporting the water within at least one tube to a first combustion chamber provided in a downshot boiler and heating the first combustion chamber using a downshot burner such that the water within each tube is heated to a supercritical condition.
Abstract:
In one aspect, the invention provides a steam generation apparatus that is liquid fuel fired and addresses conversion of gaseous fuel SIB units to operate with liquid fuel. The invention also relates to a conversion unit for a steam injection boiler, a method for converting a steam injection boiler from gas firing to possible liquid fuel firing and a method for generating steam from a liquid fuel source. The invention employs a fired heater for heating the liquid fuel to a temperature suitable for firing and preheats the water to compensate for the shortfall in beat liberation when a gas boiler is converted to use liquid fuel. In another aspect of the invention, production of steam is achievable consistently by employing step-up heaters with a steam injection boiler. The heaters being connected in parallel to continue heating the water/steam to achieve a higher quality steam over that produced in the boiler while minimizing consideration as to the adverse effects of coil fouling in the boiler.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a steam generator in which a continuous evaporating heating area is disposed within a heating gas duct that is penetrated in a nearly horizontal direction by a heating gas. Said continuous evaporating heating area comprises a number of steam-generating pipes that are connected in parallel and are penetrated by a flowing medium and is configured such that a steam-generating pipe which is heated more than another steam-generating pipe of the same continuous evaporating heating area has a higher throughput of the flowing medium than said other steam-generating pipe. The aim of the invention is to create a steam generator which provides a particularly high degree of stability of flow during operation of the continuous evaporating heating area while keeping the structural complexity and design comparatively simple. Said aim is achieved by means of a discharge collector which is mounted downstream of the steam-generating pipes of the continuous evaporating heating area on the side of the flowing medium, and the longitudinal axis of which is located essentially parallel to the direction of the heating gas.
Abstract:
A direct-fired steam generator utilizes dual regulators for delivering combustible gas to a burner chamber. A first regulator is a constant pressure gas regulator. A second regulator is a variable pressure gas regulator. The variable pressure gas regulator utilizes a pressure feedback which is representative of the pressure in the burner chamber. One or more air blowers can be utilized to supply air (oxygen) to the burner chamber.