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1.发明申请ELECTRONIC AMPLIFYING SUBSTRATE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING ELECTRONIC AMPLIFYING SUBSTRATE 审中-公开电子放大基板及制造电子放大基板的方法公开(公告)号：US20150380224A1
公开(公告)日：2015-12-31
申请号：US14769003
申请日：2014-02-24
申请人： HOYA CORPORATION
发明人： Takashi FUSHIE
CPC分类号： H01J43/08 , G01T1/28 , G01T1/2935 , H01J9/125 , H01J47/026 , H01J47/06
摘要： An electronic amplifying substrate, including: a glass base material having an insulating property; conductive layers formed on both main surfaces of the glass base material; and a plurality of through holes formed on a lamination body of the glass base material and the conductive layer, wherein an electric field is formed in the through hole by a potential difference between both conductive layers during application of a voltage to a surface of the conductive layer so that an electron avalanche amplification occurs in the through hole, and an insulation part is formed on at least one main surface of the glass base material, with one of the end portions of the insulation part formed to surround an opening part of the through hole of the glass base material, and the other end portion formed in contact with the end portions of the conductive layers.
摘要翻译： 一种电子放大基板，包括：具有绝缘性的玻璃基材; 形成在玻璃基材的两个主表面上的导电层; 以及多个通孔，其形成在所述玻璃基材和所述导电层的层叠体上，其中，在对所述导电层的表面施加电压期间，通过所述两个导电层之间的电位差在所述通孔中形成电场 使得在通孔中发生电子雪崩放大，并且绝缘部分形成在玻璃基材的至少一个主表面上，绝缘部分的一个端部形成为围绕通孔的开口部分 玻璃基材的孔，另一端部形成为与导电层的端部接触。
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公开(公告)号：US20150063547A1
公开(公告)日：2015-03-05
申请号：US14389340
申请日：2013-03-28
申请人： Excico France
发明人： Marc Mestres , Paul Ceccato
IPC分类号： H01J47/02 , H01S3/0977 , H05G2/00
CPC分类号： H01J47/026 , H01S3/09775 , H05G2/003 , H05G2/008
摘要： A method for stabilizing a plasma is disclosed. The method includes (a) providing in an ionization chamber a number of high voltage wires and a gas suitable for forming a plasma, and (b) exposing the gas to a high voltage thereby igniting the gas to form the plasma. Upon ignition, the plasma is subjected to an amount of light. A use of the method to generate X-rays is also disclosed. The invention is further directed to an ionization chamber including (a) a gas suitable for forming a plasma, and (b) a number of high voltage wires for exposing the gas to a high voltage thereby igniting the gas to form the plasma. The ionization chamber includes a device for subjecting the plasma upon ignition to an amount of light. The invention relates to an X-ray generator including such ionization chamber and to a laser apparatus including such X-ray generator.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种稳定等离子体的方法。 该方法包括（a）在电离室中提供若干高压线和适于形成等离子体的气体，（b）将气体暴露于高电压，从而点燃气体以形成等离子体。 点燃时，等离子体受到一定量的光照。 还公开了该方法的使用来产生X射线。 本发明还涉及一种电离室，其包括（a）适于形成等离子体的气体，和（b）多个用于将气体暴露于高电压的高压电线，从而点燃气体以形成等离子体。 离子化室包括用于使等离子体点燃时的光量的装置。 本发明涉及包括这种电离室的X射线发生器和涉及包括这种X射线发生器的激光装置。
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公开(公告)号：US5514872A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-07
申请号：US395934
申请日：1995-02-27
CPC分类号： G01T1/18 , H01J47/026 , Y10S250/02
摘要： An alpha detector for application in areas of high velocity gas flows, such as smokestacks and air vents. A plurality of spaced apart signal collectors are placed inside an enclosure, which would include smokestacks and air vents, in sufficient numbers to substantially span said enclosure so that gas ions generated within the gas flow are electrostatically captured by the signal collector means. Electrometer means and a voltage source are connected to the signal collectors to generate an electrical field between adjacent signal collectors, and to indicate a current produced through collection of the gas ions by the signal collectors.
摘要翻译： 用于高速气流区域的阿尔法检测器，如烟囱和通气孔。 多个间隔开的信号收集器放置在外壳内，其包括足够数量的烟囱和通气孔，以基本上跨越所述外壳，使得在气流内产生的气体离子被信号收集器装置静电捕获。 电位计装置和电压源连接到信号收集器以在相邻信号收集器之间产生电场，并且指示通过信号收集器收集气体离子而产生的电流。
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公开(公告)号：US5126567A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-30
申请号：US670781
申请日：1991-03-19
申请人： John C. Dempsey , Lorin R. Stieff
发明人： John C. Dempsey , Lorin R. Stieff
CPC分类号： H01J47/026 , G01T1/185
摘要： A small enclosed ion chamber with an electrostatically charged electret attached to the inner chamber wall. Filtered holes in the chamber permits radon in the ambient air in the chamber to enter or exit by diffusion. Positive or negative ions (depending on the polarity of the electret charge) formed in the chamber air by the passing of gamma radiation or X-rays move to and collect on the electret surface by virtue of its electrostatic attraction to ions of opposite polarity. These ions neutralize the ions of opposite polarity on the electret and cause a measurable reduction in its surface voltage which reduction is proportional to the dose of gamma and/or X-ray incidence on the chamber. The reduction of the electret surface voltage is used to calculate the dose of gamma or X-ray radiation incident upon the chamber during a known exposure period. In one embodiment, a sealed radioactive-gas-tight flexible-wall container, such as a bag, surrounds the chamber to prevent any ambient radon from entering the ion chamber. In addition, an absorbent such as activated charcoal can be included in the bag to remove any radon captured within the sealed chamber. Removal of this radon removes its undesirable contribution to the gamma/X-ray dose signal and thereby enhances the accuracy of the monitor.
摘要翻译： 一个带有静电荷驻极体的小型封闭式离子室，附着在内腔壁上。 腔室中的过滤孔允许腔室中的环境空气中的氡气通过扩散进入或离开。 通过伽马辐射或X射线通过在腔室空气中形成的正离子（或取决于驻极体电荷的极性）通过静电对相反极性的离子的吸引而移动并收集在驻极体表面上。 这些离子中和驻极体上相反极性的离子，并导致其表面电压的可测量的降低，该减小与室上的γ和/或X射线入射剂量成比例。 驻极体表面电压的降低用于计算在已知曝光期间入射到腔室上的伽马或X射线辐射的剂量。 在一个实施例中，密封的放射性气密的柔性壁容器（例如袋）围绕室，以防止任何环境氡进入离子室。 此外，袋中可以包括吸收剂如活性炭以除去在密封室内捕获的任何氡。 去除这种氡消除了对伽马/ X射线剂量信号的不利影响，从而提高了监视器的精度。
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公开(公告)号：US09601320B2
公开(公告)日：2017-03-21
申请号：US14389340
申请日：2013-03-28
发明人： Marc Mestres , Paul Ceccato
IPC分类号： H01J47/02 , H05G2/00 , H01S3/0977
CPC分类号： H01J47/026 , H01S3/09775 , H05G2/003 , H05G2/008
摘要： A method for stabilizing a plasma is disclosed. The method includes (a) providing in an ionization chamber a number of high voltage wires and a gas suitable for forming a plasma, and (b) exposing the gas to a high voltage thereby igniting the gas to form the plasma. Upon ignition, the plasma is subjected to an amount of light. A use of the method to generate X-rays is also disclosed. The invention is further directed to an ionization chamber including (a) a gas suitable for forming a plasma, and (b) a number of high voltage wires for exposing the gas to a high voltage thereby igniting the gas to form the plasma. The ionization chamber includes a device for subjecting the plasma upon ignition to an amount of light. The invention relates to an X-ray generator including such ionization chamber and to a laser apparatus including such X-ray generator.
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公开(公告)号：US20160314941A1
公开(公告)日：2016-10-27
申请号：US15136102
申请日：2016-04-22
CPC分类号： H01J37/32541 , G01T1/185 , G01T3/008 , H01J37/32596 , H01J47/026
摘要： A device for detecting includes a cathode forming a hollow sphere, filled with an ionisation and amplification gas, and an anode placed at the centre of the hollow sphere by the intermediary of a maintaining cane, wherein the anode is formed by an insulating ball and by at least two conductive balls positioned around the insulating ball and at the same predetermined distance from the insulating ball.
摘要翻译： 一种用于检测的装置包括形成中空球的阴极，填充有电离和放大气体，以及通过保持拐角中间放置在中空球的中心处的阳极，其中阳极由绝缘球形成， 至少两个导电球定位在绝缘球周围并且距绝缘球相同的预定距离处。
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公开(公告)号：US08188442B2
公开(公告)日：2012-05-29
申请号：US12479813
申请日：2009-06-07
申请人： Mahmoud Tabrizchi , Hamed Bahrami
发明人： Mahmoud Tabrizchi , Hamed Bahrami
IPC分类号： H01J47/00
CPC分类号： H01J47/026
摘要： Electron capture detector for use with an effluent stream from a gas chromatograph includes a non-radioactive electron source means and an adjacent ionization chamber in which electron capture take place. The detector comprises two partial chambers, of which one contains the electron source, and the other contains connections for input and output of analysis gas as well as a collector electrode for detecting ions. The collector electrode and the electron source are each of cylindrical configurations, and are coaxially aligned but are spaced apart with respect to each other. The electron current to the collector electrode provides an indication of the presence of electronegative constituents in the gas passing into the second partial chamber.
摘要翻译： 与来自气相色谱仪的流出物流一起使用的电子捕获检测器包括非放射性电子源装置和在其中发生电子俘获的相邻电离室。 检测器包括两个部分室，其中一个包含电子源，另一个包含用于分析气体的输入和输出的连接以及用于检测离子的集电极。 集电极和电子源各自为圆柱形构造，并且彼此同轴对齐，但彼此间隔开。 到集电极电极的电流提供了在进入第二部分室的气体中存在电负性成分的指示。
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公开(公告)号：US20090242783A1
公开(公告)日：2009-10-01
申请号：US12479813
申请日：2009-06-07
申请人： Mahmoud Tabrizchi , Hamed Bahrami
发明人： Mahmoud Tabrizchi , Hamed Bahrami
IPC分类号： H01J47/00
CPC分类号： H01J47/026
摘要： Electron capture detector for use with an effluent stream from a gas chromatograph includes a non-radioactive electron source means and an adjacent ionization chamber in which electron capture take place. The detector comprises two partial chambers, of which one contains the electron source, and the other contains connections for input and output of analysis gas as well as a collector electrode for detecting ions. The collector electrode and the electron source are each of cylindrical configurations, and are coaxially aligned but are spaced apart with respect to each other. The electron current to the collector electrode provides an indication of the presence of electronegative constituents in the gas passing into the second partial chamber.
摘要翻译： 与来自气相色谱仪的流出物流一起使用的电子捕获检测器包括非放射性电子源装置和在其中发生电子俘获的相邻电离室。 检测器包括两个部分室，其中一个包含电子源，另一个包含用于分析气体的输入和输出的连接以及用于检测离子的集电极。 集电极和电子源各自为圆柱形构造，并且彼此同轴对齐，但彼此间隔开。 到集电极电极的电流提供了在进入第二部分室的气体中存在电负性成分的指示。
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公开(公告)号：US09911581B2
公开(公告)日：2018-03-06
申请号：US15136102
申请日：2016-04-22
CPC分类号： H01J37/32541 , G01T1/185 , G01T3/008 , H01J37/32596 , H01J47/026
摘要： A device for detecting includes a cathode forming a hollow sphere, filled with an ionisation and amplification gas, and an anode placed at the centre of the hollow sphere by the intermediary of a maintaining cane, wherein the anode is formed by an insulating ball and by at least two conductive balls positioned around the insulating ball and at the same predetermined distance from the insulating ball.
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公开(公告)号：US20070187613A1
公开(公告)日：2007-08-16
申请号：US11356353
申请日：2006-02-16
申请人： Jukka Kahilainen
发明人： Jukka Kahilainen
IPC分类号： H01J47/00
CPC分类号： H01J47/026
摘要： A mechanism for supporting a charge collecting electrode in the chamber of an ion detector includes an insulator that is mounted in the chamber and is attached to the electrode. A first magnet is used to establish a magnetic field in the chamber, and a second magnet is attached to the electrode. The magnet on the electrode then interacts with the magnetic field to stabilize the electrode in the chamber between the insulator and the first magnet.
摘要翻译： 用于在离子检测器的室中支撑电荷收集电极的机构包括安装在室中并附着到电极的绝缘体。 使用第一磁体在腔室中建立磁场，并且第二磁体附着到电极。 电极上的磁体然后与磁场相互作用，以使绝缘体和第一磁体之间的腔室中的电极稳定。
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