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1.发明授权公开(公告)号：US11874311B1
公开(公告)日：2024-01-16
申请号：US18296307
申请日：2023-04-05
CPC分类号： G01R29/0885 , G01R29/0892 , G01R35/005
摘要： In a general aspect, radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic radiation can be detected using vapor cell sensors. In some aspects, a system includes a laser system that is configured to generate laser signals that comprise first and second laser signals. The system also includes an optical comb generator and a vapor cell sensor. The optical comb generator is configured to generate a comb spectrum based on the first laser signal. The comb spectrum includes comb lines at respective comb frequencies. The vapor cell sensor contains a vapor and is configured to generate an optical spectrum based on interactions of the vapor with the comb spectrum and the second laser signal. The system also includes an optical detector that is configured to detect the property of the optical spectrum at one or more of the comb frequencies.
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公开(公告)号：US11658461B1
公开(公告)日：2023-05-23
申请号：US18150110
申请日：2023-01-04
IPC分类号： H01S5/0687 , H01S5/065 , H01S5/00
CPC分类号： H01S5/0687 , H01S5/0085 , H01S5/065
摘要： In a general aspect, a laser system includes a laser and a frequency comb generator system. The laser is configured to generate a laser signal, and the frequency comb generator system is configured to generate a frequency comb based on the laser signal. The frequency comb includes frequency comb signals at respective comb frequencies. The laser system also includes a frequency comb dispersion system configured to spatially separate the frequency comb signals onto respective optical channels of the frequency comb dispersion system. The laser system additionally includes a frequency selector system configured to generate a selected frequency signal from the frequency comb signals after separation. The selected frequency signal includes a target separated frequency comb signal. The laser system also includes a frequency shifter configured to alter the selected frequency signal toward a target output frequency of the laser system.
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公开(公告)号：US20210286063A1
公开(公告)日：2021-09-16
申请号：US17201830
申请日：2021-03-15
摘要： In a general aspect, a radar system includes a photonic crystal receiver. In some aspects, the radar system includes a transmitter station configured to emit probe signals of RF electromagnetic radiation into a region. The radar system also includes a receiver station configured to process return signals of RF electromagnetic radiation from the region. The return signals are based on probe signals scattered from one or more objects in the region. The receiver station includes a photonic crystal receiver formed of dielectric material. The photonic crystal receiver includes an antenna structure, a photonic crystal structure, and a vapor. The receiver station also includes an optical system and a data processing subsystem. The optical system is configured to generate spectroscopic data based on optical signals from the photonic crystal receiver. The data processing subsystem is configured to generate a time series of property data based on the spectroscopic data.
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公开(公告)号：US11112298B2
公开(公告)日：2021-09-07
申请号：US16996652
申请日：2020-08-18
摘要： Vapor cells are disclosed that include a dielectric body having a first surface and a second surface. The dielectric body includes a plurality of walls extending from the first surface to the second surface. A perimeter wall surrounds an open volume of the dielectric body and interconnected walls are arranged within the open volume to partition the open volume into a plurality of cells. Each cell has a first opening defined by the first surface and a second opening defined by the second surface. The vapor cells additionally include a first optical window covering the first openings and having a surface bonded to the first surface of the dielectric body to form a seal around each of the first openings. A second optical window covers the second openings and has a surface bonded to the second surface of the dielectric body to form a seal around each of the second openings.
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公开(公告)号：US20210255226A1
公开(公告)日：2021-08-19
申请号：US17308588
申请日：2021-05-05
IPC分类号： G01R29/08
摘要： In a general aspect, vapor cells are disclosed that include a dielectric body having a first surface and a second surface. The dielectric body includes a plurality of cavities extending from the first surface to the second surface and ordered periodically to define a photonic crystal structure in the dielectric body. Each cavity has a first opening defined by the first surface and a second opening defined by the second surface. The photonic crystal structure has a photonic band gap. The vapor cells additionally include a first optical window covering the first openings and having a surface bonded to the first surface of the dielectric body to form a seal around each of the first openings. A second optical window covers the second openings and has a surface bonded to the second surface of the dielectric body to form a seal around each of the second openings.
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公开(公告)号：US10859981B1
公开(公告)日：2020-12-08
申请号：US16659289
申请日：2019-10-21
摘要： In a general aspect, a vapor cell is presented that includes a dielectric body. The dielectric body has a surface that defines an opening to a cavity in the dielectric body. The vapor cell also includes a vapor or a source of the vapor in the cavity of the dielectric body. An optical window covers the opening of the cavity and has a surface bonded to the surface of the dielectric body to form a seal around the opening. The seal includes metal-oxygen bonds formed by reacting a first plurality of hydroxyl ligands on the surface of the dielectric body with a second plurality of hydroxyl ligands on the surface of the optical window.
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公开(公告)号：US10564201B1
公开(公告)日：2020-02-18
申请号：US16410428
申请日：2019-05-13
发明人： James P. Shaffer
摘要： In a general aspect, electromagnetic emissions from a cell tower are measured. In some aspects, a method includes receiving, at a vapor-cell sensor system associated with the cell tower, electromagnetic radiation from an antenna system disposed on the cell tower. The method includes receiving, at the vapor-cell sensor system, input optical signals communicated from a laser system through respective input optical channels. Output optical signals are generated in the vapor-cell sensor system based on the input optical signals and the electromagnetic radiation. The method additionally includes sending, from the vapor-cell sensor system, the output optical signals through one or more respective output optical channels to a detection system. Systems for measuring electromagnetic emissions from a cell tower are also presented.
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公开(公告)号：US12007425B1
公开(公告)日：2024-06-11
申请号：US18503071
申请日：2023-11-06
发明人： Su-Peng Yu , Kent Arnold Nickerson , Rajesh Pandiyan , Hadi Amarloo , Mohammad Noaman , James P. Shaffer
IPC分类号： G01R29/08
CPC分类号： G01R29/0885 , G01R29/0814
摘要： In a general aspect, a system for measuring radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic waves includes a laser system configured to generate plurality of input optical signals. The system also includes an RF measurement device having first and second mode converters and an internal cavity therebetween. The internal cavity contains a vapor that is configured to produce an output optical signal based on the plurality of input optical signals. The RF measurement device also includes an RF waveguide that extends between the first and second mode converters and is configured to carry the second RF waveguide mode through the internal cavity. The system also includes an optical detector system configured to generate a detector signal in response to receiving the output optical signal. The system additionally includes a signal processing system configured to generate data in response to receiving the detector signal.
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公开(公告)号：US11533101B1
公开(公告)日：2022-12-20
申请号：US17667281
申请日：2022-02-08
发明人： Mark Pecen , Hadi Amarloo , James P. Shaffer
摘要： In a general aspect, a communication system comprises a first station and a second station. The first station includes a photonic crystal maser, a laser subsystem, and a tracking subsystem. A photonic crystal structure of the photonic crystal maser is formed of dielectric material and has an array of cavities and an elongated slot. The elongated slot is disposed in a defect region of the array of cavities. The photonic crystal maser also includes a vapor disposed in the elongated slot and operable to emit a target RF electromagnetic radiation in response to receiving an optical signal. The array of cavities and the elongated slot define a waveguide configured to form the target RF electromagnetic radiation, when emitted, into a beam. The second station includes a receiver configured to couple to the beam of target RF electromagnetic radiation.
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公开(公告)号：US11313926B1
公开(公告)日：2022-04-26
申请号：US17480443
申请日：2021-09-21
发明人： Hadi Amarloo , Jennifer Ann Joe Erskine , Jaime Ramirez-Serrano , Somayeh M. A. Mirzaee , James P. Shaffer
IPC分类号： G01R33/26
摘要： In a general aspect, a vapor cell includes a body defined by a stack of layers bonded to each other. The stack of layers includes a first end layer disposed at a first end of the body and a second end layer disposed at a second, opposite end of the body. Intermediate layers extend between the first and second end layers and define an internal cavity extending through the body between the first end layer and the second end layer. The stack of layers also includes first and second sets of tabs. The first set of tabs extends outward from the intermediate layers on a first exterior side of the body, and the second set of tabs extends outward from the intermediate layers on a second exterior side of the body. The vapor cell also includes a vapor or a source of the vapor disposed in the internal cavity.
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