Abstract:
A method of manufacturing a vertical-cell-type semiconductor device may include stacking alternately first insulating layers and second insulating layers on a substrate, forming a channel hole through the first and second insulating layers, and forming dielectric layers. A channel layer and a gap fill pattern may be formed within the channel hole. The channel layer may cover a top surface of an uppermost first insulating layer. The top surface of the gap fill pattern is at the same level with the top surface of the channel layer. A first conductivity type impurities may be implanted into the channel layer to form a channel impurity region. A top surface of the gap fill pattern may be recessed. A contact pad on the recessed surface of the gap fill pattern may be formed. A ground selection gate electrode, cell gate electrodes, and string selection gate electrodes may be formed in interlayer spaces that be formed by removing the second insulating layers. String selection gate electrodes may formed in the channel impurity region.
Abstract:
Methods, systems, apparatuses, evolved NodeB (EnBs), User Equipment (UE), and chip sets for all of the same, in cellular communication systems are described. One method for a UE includes receiving a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) transmitted by an eNB according to a pattern in a time-frequency resource grid determined based on the transmission scheme of the eNB, measuring the state of the transmission channel using the CSI-RS, generating channel state information based on the measuring, and transmitting the channel state information as feedback. The UE receives a downlink signal including data and a Cell-specific Reference Signal (CRS) from the eNB and estimates the transmission channel using the CRS and then acquires the data using the estimated channel.
Abstract:
A method and an apparatus for measuring a link quality in a wireless communication are provided. The method of a receiver for measuring the link quality in the wireless communication system includes determining a modulation type for each of at least one reception stream received through at least one antenna based on a modulation order and channel information regarding each of signals transmitted from a plurality of transmission antennas, searching for a parameter corresponding to the determined modulation type from a pre-stored parameter table in which parameters for each modulation type are stored, and calculating a channel capacity for each of the at least one reception streams received through the at least one antenna by using the searched parameter.
Abstract:
Methods, systems, apparatuses, evolved NodeB (EnBs), User Equipment (UE), and chip sets for all of the same, in cellular communication systems are described. One method for a UE includes receiving a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) transmitted by an eNB according to a pattern in a time-frequency resource grid determined based on the transmission scheme of the eNB, measuring the state of the transmission channel using the CSI-RS, generating channel state information based on the measuring, and transmitting the channel state information as feedback. The UE receives a downlink signal including data and a Cell-specific Reference Signal (CRS) from the eNB and estimates the transmission channel using the CRS and then acquires the data using the estimated channel.
Abstract:
A method and an apparatus for measuring channel quality in a MIMO system is provided. The method includes measuring a first SINR based on an assumption that a first detector is used, using a channel estimation value of a reception signal with respect to each of a plurality of space layers, and a second SINR for each of the plurality of space layers corresponding to a case where the plurality of space layers exist independently using the channel estimation value of the reception signal; determining a Log Likelihood Ratio of reception data based on an assumption that a second detector is used, with respect to each of the plurality of space layers; and generating channel quality information based on an assumption that the second detector is used, based on the first SINR and the second SINR with respect to each of the plurality of space layers, and the LLR.