公开(公告)号：US08676283B2

公开(公告)日：2014-03-18

申请号：US11964665

申请日：2007-12-26

申请人： Nathaniel Matter ,  Marwood Neal Ediger ,  John D Maynard

发明人： Nathaniel Matter ,  Marwood Neal Ediger ,  John D Maynard

IPC分类号： A61B5/1455

CPC分类号： A61B5/0059 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/443 ,  A61B5/4875

摘要： A method of determining a measure of a tissue state (e.g., glycation end-product or disease state) in an individual is disclosed. A portion of the skin of the individual is illuminated with excitation light, then light emitted by the tissue due to fluorescence of a chemical with the tissue responsive to the excitation light is detected. The detected light can be combined with a model relating fluorescence with a measure of tissue state to determine a tissue state. The invention can illuminate the skin and detect responsive light over a time that spans a plurality of cardiac cycles of the individual, which can, as an example, help mitigate the effects of time-varying signals such as those due to hemoglobin. The invention can also determine the amount of light to be directed to the skin, for example by controlling the time that a light source is energized. The amount of illumination light can be determined from a skin reflectance characteristic such as pigmentation or melanin in the skin. Controlling the amount of light directed to the tissue can reduce the dynamic range required of a corresponding optical system, for example by allowing a single system to accurately measure individuals with very light skin and individuals with very dark skin.

摘要翻译： 公开了确定个体中组织状态（例如糖基化终产物或疾病状态）的测量方法。 用激发光照射个体皮肤的一部分，然后检测由组织响应于激发光的化学物质的荧光而由组织发出的光。 检测到的光可以与将荧光与组织状态的测量相关联的模型组合以确定组织状态。 本发明可以照亮皮肤并且在跨越个体的多个心脏周期的时间内检测响应光，其可以作为示例有助于减轻诸如由于血红蛋白引起的时变信号的影响。 本发明还可以例如通过控制光源被激励的时间来确定要引导到皮肤的光量。 照明光的量可以根据皮肤的皮肤反射特性如皮肤中的色素沉着或黑色素来确定。 控制指向组织的光量可以减少相应光学系统所需的动态范围，例如通过允许单个系统准确地测量具有非常浅的皮肤的个体和具有非常暗的皮肤的个体。

公开(公告)号：US20140235972A1

公开(公告)日：2014-08-21

申请号：US13767989

申请日：2013-02-15

申请人： Robert D. Johnson ,  Marwood Neal Ediger ,  John D. Maynard

发明人： Robert D. Johnson ,  Marwood Neal Ediger ,  John D. Maynard

IPC分类号： A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/145

CPC分类号： A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/1495 ,  A61B5/6824 ,  A61B5/70 ,  A61B2560/0233 ,  A61B2562/0233 ,  A61B2562/046

摘要： Embodiments of the present invention provide an apparatus suitable for determining properties of in vivo tissue from spectral information collected from the tissue. An illumination system provides light at a plurality of broadband ranges, which are communicated to an optical probe. The optical probe receives light from the illumination system and transmits it to in vivo tissue, and receives light diffusely reflected in response to the broadband light, emitted from the in vivo tissue by fluorescence thereof in response to the broadband light, or a combination thereof. The optical probe communicates the light to a spectrograph which produces a signal representative of the spectral properties of the light. An analysis system determines a property of the in vivo tissue from the spectral properties. A calibration device mounts such that it is periodically in optical communication with the optical probe.

摘要翻译： 本发明的实施方案提供了适合于从组织收集的光谱信息确定体内组织的性质的装置。 照明系统提供多个宽带范围的光，其传送到光学探针。 光学探头接收来自照明系统的光，并将其透射到体内组织，并响应于宽带光或其组合，接收通过其体内组织发射的宽带光而漫射反射的光。 光学探针将光传送到产生表示光的光谱性质的信号的光谱仪。 分析系统根据光谱性质确定体内组织的性质。 校准装置安装成使其周期性地与光学探针光通信。

公开(公告)号：US20120283531A1

公开(公告)日：2012-11-08

申请号：US13542898

申请日：2012-07-06

申请人： John D. Maynard ,  Marwood Neal Ediger

发明人： John D. Maynard ,  Marwood Neal Ediger

IPC分类号： A61B5/1455

CPC分类号： A61B5/0059 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/412 ,  G01N21/6408 ,  G01N2021/6417

摘要： The present invention provides methods and apparatuses for determining a measure of a tissue state in an individual. Light emitted by tissue of the individual due to fluorescence of a chemical with the tissue detected. The invention can comprise measuring the fluorescence lifetime in either time-domain or frequency domain modes. The invention can also comprise a variety of models relating fluorescence to a measure of tissue state, for example, multivariate models can be developed that relate lifetime trends of one or more constituents to increasing propensity to diabetes and pre-diabetes. Other biologic information can be used in combination with the fluorescence properties to aid in the determination of a measure of tissue state.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了用于确定个体中组织状态测量的方法和装置。 由于检测到的组织由于化学物质的荧光而由个体的组织发射的光。 本发明可以包括以时域或频域模式测量荧光寿命。 本发明还可以包括将荧光与组织状态的量度相关联的各种模型，例如，可以开发多变量模型，其将一种或多种成分的寿命趋势与增加糖尿病和前期糖尿病的倾向相关联。 其他生物信息可与荧光性质结合使用，有助于测定组织状态。

公开(公告)号：US08238993B2

公开(公告)日：2012-08-07

申请号：US11960260

申请日：2007-12-19

申请人： John D Maynard ,  Marwood Neal Ediger

发明人： John D Maynard ,  Marwood Neal Ediger

IPC分类号： A61B5/1455

CPC分类号： A61B5/0059 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/412 ,  G01N21/6408 ,  G01N2021/6417

摘要： A method of determining a measure of a tissue state (e.g., glycation end-product or disease state) in an individual. A portion of the tissue of the individual is illuminated with excitation light, then light emitted by the tissue due to fluorescence of a chemical with the tissue responsive to the excitation light is detected. The detected light can be combined with a model relating fluorescence with a measure of tissue state to determine a tissue state. The invention can comprise measuring the fluorescence lifetime in either time-domain or frequency domain modes. The invention can also comprise a variety of models relating fluorescence to a measure of tissue state, including a variety of methods for generating such models. For example, multivariate models can be developed that relate lifetime trends of one or more constituents to increasing propensity to diabetes and pre-diabetes. Other biologic information can be used in combination with the fluorescence properties to aid in the determination of a measure of tissue state. The invention also comprises apparatuses suitable for carrying out the method, including appropriate light sources, detectors, and models (for example, implemented on computers) used to relate detected fluorescence and a measure of tissue state.

摘要翻译： 确定个体中组织状态（例如，糖基化终产物或疾病状态）的量度的方法。 用激发光照射个体组织的一部分，然后检测由组织响应于激发光的化学物质的荧光而由组织发出的光。 检测到的光可以与将荧光与组织状态的测量相关联的模型组合以确定组织状态。 本发明可以包括以时域或频域模式测量荧光寿命。 本发明还可以包括将荧光与组织状态的测量相关联的各种模型，包括用于产生这种模型的各种方法。 例如，可以开发多变量模型，其将一种或多种成分的寿命趋势与增加糖尿病和前期糖尿病的倾向相关联。 其他生物信息可与荧光性质结合使用，有助于测定组织状态。 本发明还包括适于执行该方法的装置，包括用于检测荧光和组织状态测量的适当的光源，检测器和模型（例如，在计算机上实现）。

公开(公告)号：US08140147B2

公开(公告)日：2012-03-20

申请号：US11677498

申请日：2007-02-21

申请人： John D Maynard ,  Marwood Neal Ediger ,  Robert D Johnson ,  Mark Ries Robinson

发明人： John D Maynard ,  Marwood Neal Ediger ,  Robert D Johnson ,  Mark Ries Robinson

IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/1455

CPC分类号： A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/14546 ,  G01N21/255 ,  G01N21/49 ,  G01N21/645 ,  G01N21/6486

摘要： Embodiments of the present invention provide an apparatus with a flexible probe suitable for determining properties of in vivo tissue from spectral information collected from various tissue sites. An illumination system provides light at a plurality of broadband ranges, which are communicated to a flexible optical probe. Light homogenizers and mode scramblers can be employed to improve the performance in some embodiments. The optical probe in some embodiments physically contacts the tissue, and in some embodiments does not physically contact the tissue. The optical probe receives light from the illumination system and transmits it to tissue, and receives light diffusely reflected in response to the broadband light, emitted from the in vivo tissue by fluorescence thereof in response to the broadband light, or a combination thereof. The optical probe can communicate the light to a spectrograph which produces a signal representative of the spectral properties of the light. An analysis system determines a property of the in vivo tissue from the spectral properties.

摘要翻译： 本发明的实施方案提供一种具有柔性探针的装置，其适合于从各种组织部位收集的光谱信息来确定体内组织的性质。 照明系统在多个宽带范围内提供光，其传送到柔性光学探针。 在一些实施例中，可使用光均质器和模式加扰器来提高性能。 在一些实施例中，光学探针物理接触组织，并且在一些实施例中，物理接触组织。 光学探针从照明系统接收光并将其传输到组织，并且响应于宽带光或其组合而接收从体内组织发出的响应于通过其荧光发射的宽带光而漫反射的光。 光学探针可以将光传送到产生表示光的光谱特性的信号的光谱仪。 分析系统根据光谱性质确定体内组织的性质。

公开(公告)号：US20120179010A1

公开(公告)日：2012-07-12

申请号：US13343867

申请日：2012-01-05

申请人： John D. Maynard ,  Marwood Neal Ediger ,  Robert D. Johnson ,  M. Ries Robinson

发明人： John D. Maynard ,  Marwood Neal Ediger ,  Robert D. Johnson ,  M. Ries Robinson

IPC分类号： A61B5/00

CPC分类号： A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/1455

摘要： Embodiments of the present invention provide an apparatus suitable for determining properties of in vivo tissue. An illumination system communicates light at a plurality of broadband ranges to an optical probe, which can comprise a flexible probe. Light homogenizers and mode scramblers can be employed in some embodiments. The optical probe can physically contact the tissue, or can be maintained separate from the tissue. The optical probe receives light from the illumination system and transmits it to tissue, and receives light diffusely reflected in response to the broadband light, emitted from the in vivo tissue by fluorescence thereof in response to the broadband light, or a combination thereof. The optical probe can communicate the light to a spectrograph which produces a signal representative of the spectral properties of the light. An analysis system determines a property of the in vivo tissue from the spectral properties.

摘要翻译： 本发明的实施方案提供了适合于确定体内组织的性质的装置。 照明系统将多个宽带范围的光传送到可以包括柔性探针的光学探针。 在一些实施例中可以采用光匀化器和模式加扰器。 光学探针可以物理接触组织，或者可以与组织保持分离。 光学探针从照明系统接收光并将其传输到组织，并且响应于宽带光或其组合而接收从体内组织发出的响应于通过其荧光发射的宽带光而漫反射的光。 光学探针可以将光传送到产生表示光的光谱特性的信号的光谱仪。 分析系统根据光谱性质确定体内组织的性质。

公开(公告)号：US08121671B2

公开(公告)日：2012-02-21

申请号：US11417463

申请日：2006-05-03

申请人： Edward L. Hull ,  Marwood Neal Ediger ,  Christopher D. Brown ,  John D. Maynard ,  Robert D. Johnson

发明人： Edward L. Hull ,  Marwood Neal Ediger ,  Christopher D. Brown ,  John D. Maynard ,  Robert D. Johnson

IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/1455

CPC分类号： A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/0059 ,  A61B5/0064 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/0068 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/412 ,  A61B5/441

摘要： A method of determining a measure of a tissue state (e.g., glycation end-product or disease state) in an individual. A portion of the tissue of the individual is illuminated with excitation light, then light emitted by the tissue due to fluorescence of a chemical with the tissue responsive to the excitation light is detected. The detected light can be combined with a model relating fluorescence with a measure of tissue state to determine a tissue state. The invention can comprise single wavelength excitation light, scanning of excitation light (illuminating the tissue at a plurality of wavelengths), detection at a single wavelength, scanning of detection wavelengths (detecting emitted light at a plurality of wavelengths), and combinations thereof. The invention also can comprise correction techniques that reduce determination errors due to detection of light other than that from fluorescence of a chemical in the tissue. For example, the reflectance of the tissue can lead to errors if appropriate correction is not employed. The invention can also comprise a variety of models relating fluorescence to a measure of tissue state, including a variety of methods for generating such models. Other biologic information can be used in combination with the fluorescence properties to aid in the determination of a measure of tissue state. The invention also comprises apparatuses suitable for carrying out the method, including appropriate light sources, detectors, and models (for example, implemented on computers) used to relate detected fluorescence and a measure of tissue state.

摘要翻译： 确定个体中组织状态（例如，糖基化终产物或疾病状态）的量度的方法。 用激发光照射个体组织的一部分，然后检测由组织响应于激发光的化学物质的荧光而由组织发出的光。 检测到的光可以与将荧光与组织状态的测量相关联的模型组合以确定组织状态。 本发明可以包括单波长激发光，激发光的扫描（以多个波长照射组织），单个波长的检测，检测波长的扫描（检测多个波长的发射光）及其组合。 本发明还可以包括校正技术，其减少由于检测到除了组织中的化学物质的荧光以外的光的测定误差。 例如，如果不采用适当的校正，组织的反射率可能导致错误。 本发明还可以包括将荧光与组织状态的测量相关联的各种模型，包括用于产生这种模型的各种方法。 其他生物信息可与荧光性质结合使用，有助于测定组织状态。 本发明还包括适于执行该方法的装置，包括用于检测荧光和组织状态测量的适当的光源，检测器和模型（例如，在计算机上实现）。

公开(公告)号：US20120065484A1

公开(公告)日：2012-03-15

申请号：US13292321

申请日：2011-11-09

申请人： Edward L. Hull ,  Marwood Neal Ediger ,  Christopher D. Brown ,  John D. Maynard ,  Robert D. Johnson

发明人： Edward L. Hull ,  Marwood Neal Ediger ,  Christopher D. Brown ,  John D. Maynard ,  Robert D. Johnson

IPC分类号： A61B5/00

CPC分类号： A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/0059 ,  A61B5/0064 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/0068 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/412 ,  A61B5/441

摘要： A method of determining a measure of a tissue state (e.g., glycation end-product or disease state) in an individual. A portion of the tissue of the individual is illuminated with excitation light, then light emitted by the tissue due to fluorescence of a chemical with the tissue responsive to the excitation light is detected. The detected light can be combined with a model relating fluorescence with a measure of tissue state to determine a tissue state. The invention can comprise various light excitation and detection configurations. The invention also can comprise correction techniques that reduce determination errors due to detection of light other than that from fluorescence of a chemical in the tissue. Other biologic information can be used in combination with the fluorescence properties to aid in the determination of a measure of tissue state. The invention also comprises apparatuses suitable for carrying out the method.

摘要翻译： 确定个体中组织状态（例如，糖基化终产物或疾病状态）的量度的方法。 用激发光照射个体组织的一部分，然后检测由组织响应于激发光的化学物质的荧光而由组织发出的光。 检测到的光可以与将荧光与组织状态的测量相关联的模型组合以确定组织状态。 本发明可以包括各种光激发和检测配置。 本发明还可以包括校正技术，其减少由于检测除了组织中的化学物质的荧光以外的光的测定误差。 其他生物信息可与荧光性质结合使用，有助于测定组织状态。 本发明还包括适用于实施该方法的装置。

公开(公告)号：US08131332B2

公开(公告)日：2012-03-06

申请号：US11675524

申请日：2007-02-15

申请人： John D Maynard ,  Marwood Neal Ediger ,  Robert D Johnson ,  Mark Ries Robinson

发明人： John D Maynard ,  Marwood Neal Ediger ,  Robert D Johnson ,  Mark Ries Robinson

IPC分类号： A61B5/1455

CPC分类号： A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/1455

摘要： Embodiments of the present invention provide an apparatus suitable for determining properties of in vivo tissue from spectral information collected from various tissue sites. An illumination system provides light at a plurality of broadband ranges, which are communicated to an optical probe. The optical probe can be a flexible probe in some embodiments, allowing ease of application. Light homogenizers and mode scramblers can be employed to improve the performance in some embodiments. The optical probe in some embodiments physically contacts the tissue, and in some embodiments does not physically contact the tissue. The optical probe receives light from the illumination system and transmits it to tissue, and receives light diffusely reflected in response to the broadband light, emitted from the in vivo tissue by fluorescence thereof in response to the broadband light, or a combination thereof. The optical probe can communicate the light to a spectrograph which produces a signal representative of the spectral properties of the light. An analysis system determines a property of the in vivo tissue from the spectral properties.

摘要翻译： 本发明的实施方案提供一种适合于从各种组织部位收集的光谱信息确定体内组织的性质的装置。 照明系统提供多个宽带范围的光，其传送到光学探针。 在一些实施例中，光学探针可以是柔性探针，允许易于应用。 在一些实施例中，可使用光均质器和模式加扰器来提高性能。 在一些实施例中，光学探针物理接触组织，并且在一些实施例中，物理接触组织。 光学探针从照明系统接收光并将其传输到组织，并且响应于宽带光或其组合而接收从体内组织发出的响应于通过其荧光发射的宽带光而漫反射的光。 光学探针可以将光传送到产生表示光的光谱特性的信号的光谱仪。 分析系统根据光谱性质确定体内组织的性质。

公开(公告)号：US08078243B2

公开(公告)日：2011-12-13

申请号：US11561380

申请日：2006-11-17

申请人： Marwood Neal Ediger ,  John D Maynard ,  Robert D Johnson ,  Edward L Hull ,  Christopher D Brown

发明人： Marwood Neal Ediger ,  John D Maynard ,  Robert D Johnson ,  Edward L Hull ,  Christopher D Brown

IPC分类号： A61B5/1455

CPC分类号： A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/0059 ,  A61B5/0064 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/0068 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/412 ,  A61B5/441

摘要： A method of determining a measure of a tissue state (e.g., glycation end-product or disease state) in an individual. A portion of the tissue of the individual is illuminated with excitation light, then light emitted by the tissue due to fluorescence of a chemical with the tissue responsive to the excitation light is detected. The detected light can be combined with a model relating fluorescence with a measure of tissue state to determine a tissue state. The invention can comprise single wavelength excitation light, scanning of excitation light (illuminating the tissue at a plurality of wavelengths), detection at a single wavelength, scanning of detection wavelengths (detecting emitted light at a plurality of wavelengths), and combinations thereof. The invention also can comprise correction techniques that reduce determination errors due to detection of light other than that from fluorescence of a chemical in the tissue. For example, the reflectance of the tissue can lead to errors if appropriate correction is not employed. The invention can also comprise a variety of models relating fluorescence to a measure of tissue state, including a variety of methods for generating such models. Other biologic information can be used in combination with the fluorescence properties to aid in the determination of a measure of tissue state. The invention also comprises apparatuses suitable for carrying out the method, including appropriate light sources, detectors, and models (for example, implemented on computers) used to relate detected fluorescence and a measure of tissue state.

摘要翻译： 确定个体中组织状态（例如，糖基化终产物或疾病状态）的量度的方法。 用激发光照射个体组织的一部分，然后检测由组织响应于激发光的化学物质的荧光而由组织发出的光。 检测到的光可以与将荧光与组织状态的测量相关联的模型组合以确定组织状态。 本发明可以包括单波长激发光，激发光的扫描（以多个波长照射组织），单个波长的检测，检测波长的扫描（检测多个波长的发射光）及其组合。 本发明还可以包括校正技术，其减少由于检测到除了组织中的化学物质的荧光以外的光的测定误差。 例如，如果不采用适当的校正，组织的反射率可能导致错误。 本发明还可以包括将荧光与组织状态的测量相关联的各种模型，包括用于产生这种模型的各种方法。 其他生物信息可与荧光性质结合使用，有助于测定组织状态。 本发明还包括适于执行该方法的装置，包括用于检测荧光和组织状态测量的适当的光源，检测器和模型（例如，在计算机上实现）。