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公开(公告)号：US11251417B2
公开(公告)日：2022-02-15
申请号：US15951940
申请日：2018-04-12
Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Inventor： Peng Bai , Martin Z. Bazant , Fikile R. Brushett , Jihyung Han , Miao Wang
Abstract: Surface conduction in porous media can drastically alter the stability and morphology of electrodeposition at high rates, above the diffusion-limited current. Above the limiting current, surface conduction inhibits growth in the positive membrane and produces irregular dendrites, while it enhances growth and suppresses dendrites behind a deionization shock in the negative membrane. The discovery of uniform growth contradicts quasi-steady “leaky membrane” models, which are in the same universality class as unstable Laplacian growth, and indicates the importance of transient electro-diffusion or electro-osmotic dispersion. Shock electrodeposition could be exploited for high-rate recharging of metal batteries or manufacturing of metal matrix composite coatings.
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公开(公告)号：US10411284B2
公开(公告)日：2019-09-10
申请号：US14504539
申请日：2014-10-02
Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Inventor： Martin Z. Bazant , William Allan Braff , Cullen Richard Buie , Matthew Suss , Laura M. Gilson , Kameron Conforti
IPC: H01M8/18 , H01M8/08 , H01M8/1016 , H01M8/1018 , H01M8/20 , H01M8/22 , H01M4/96
Abstract: The invention discloses general apparatus and methods for electrochemical energy conversion and storage via a membraneless laminar flow battery. In a preferred embodiment, the battery includes a flow-through porous anode for receiving a fuel and a porous electrolyte channel for transporting an electrolyte adjacent to the porous anode; a flow-through porous cathode is provided for transporting an oxidant; and a porous dispersion blocker is disposed between the electrolyte channel and the porous cathode, which inhibits convective mixing while allowing molecular diffusion and mean flow. Pore structure properties are selected for tuning convective dispersion, conductivity or other macroscopic properties. Specific materials, reactants, fabrication methods, and operation methods are disclosed to achieve stable charge/discharge cycles and to optimize power density and energy density.
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US20190181412A1
公开(公告)日：2019-06-13
申请号：US16280357
申请日：2019-02-20
Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Inventor： Ju Li , Martin Z. Bazant , Peng Bai , Chang An Wang , Kai Liu
IPC: H01M2/16 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/0566 , H01M2/14 , H01M2/18
Abstract: This invention provides a non-porous battery separator comprising an elastomeric material, wherein the elastomeric material is permeable to metal ions but not appreciably permeable to other chemical species. A battery comprising the non-porous battery separator is also provided. Methods of making a non-porous battery separator are also provided.
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公开(公告)号：US20210158986A1
公开(公告)日：2021-05-27
申请号：US17105942
申请日：2020-11-27
Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Inventor： Kameron Conforti , Mohammad Ayman Alkhadra , Tao Gao , Huanhuan Tian , Martin Z. Bazant
Abstract: Radioactive nuclides (radionuclides) are separate from an aqueous radioactive liquid by feeding the liquid into a chamber between a porous anode and a porous cathode of a shock electrodialysis device. Meanwhile, an anolyte is fed through the porous anode, and a catholyte is fed through the porous cathode. A voltage is applied to the porous anode and to the porous cathode to create a voltage differential across the chamber. The liquid is passed through the chamber, and cations are selectively driven from the liquid into the cathode by the voltage differential. The voltage differential creates a desalination shock that produces an ion-enriched zone on one side of the desalination shock and a deionized zone on an opposite side. A brine including the radioactive cations is extracted from the ion-enriched zone through a brine outlet, and fresh water is extracted from the deionized zone through a fresh-water outlet.
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公开(公告)号：US12237091B2
公开(公告)日：2025-02-25
申请号：US17105942
申请日：2020-11-27
Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Inventor： Kameron Conforti , Mohammad Ayman Alkhadra , Tao Gao , Huanhuan Tian , Martin Z. Bazant
Abstract: Radioactive nuclides (radionuclides) are separate from an aqueous radioactive liquid by feeding the liquid into a chamber between a porous anode and a porous cathode of a shock electrodialysis device. Meanwhile, an anolyte is fed through the porous anode, and a catholyte is fed through the porous cathode. A voltage is applied to the porous anode and to the porous cathode to create a voltage differential across the chamber. The liquid is passed through the chamber, and cations are selectively driven from the liquid into the cathode by the voltage differential. The voltage differential creates a desalination shock that produces an ion-enriched zone on one side of the desalination shock and a deionized zone on an opposite side. A brine including the radioactive cations is extracted from the ion-enriched zone through a brine outlet, and fresh water is extracted from the deionized zone through a fresh-water outlet.
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公开(公告)号：US20150099199A1
公开(公告)日：2015-04-09
申请号：US14504539
申请日：2014-10-02
Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Inventor： Martin Z. Bazant , William Allan Braff , Cullen Richard Buie , Matthew Suss , Laura M. Gilson , Kameron Confortl
CPC classification number: H01M8/188 , H01M4/96 , H01M8/08 , H01M8/1016 , H01M8/1018 , H01M8/20 , H01M8/22 , H01M2300/0005 , Y02E60/528
Abstract: The invention discloses general apparatus and methods for electrochemical energy conversion and storage via a membraneless laminar flow battery. In a preferred embodiment, the battery includes a flow-through porous anode for receiving a fuel and a porous electrolyte channel for transporting an electrolyte adjacent to the porous anode; a flow-through porous cathode is provided for transporting an oxidant; and a porous dispersion blocker is disposed between the electrolyte channel and the porous cathode, which inhibits convective mixing while allowing molecular diffusion and mean flow. Pore structure properties are selected for tuning convective dispersion, conductivity or other macroscopic properties. Specific materials, reactants, fabrication methods, and operation methods are disclosed to achieve stable charge/discharge cycles and to optimize power density and energy density.
Abstract translation: 本发明公开了一种通过无膜层流电池进行电化学能转换和储存的一般设备和方法。 在优选实施例中，电池包括用于接收燃料的流通多孔阳极和用于输送邻近多孔阳极的电解质的多孔电解质通道; 提供了一种流通多孔阴极，用于输送氧化剂; 并且多孔分散阻挡剂设置在电解质通道和多孔阴极之间，其抑制对流混合同时允许分子扩散和平均流动。 选择孔结构性质来调节对流色散，电导率或其他宏观特性。 公开了具体材料，反应物，制造方法和操作方法以实现稳定的充电/放电循环并且优化功率密度和能量密度。
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7.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20180233733A1
公开(公告)日：2018-08-16
申请号：US15951940
申请日：2018-04-12
Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Inventor： Peng Bai , Martin Z. Bazant , Fikile R. Brushett , Jihyung Han , Miao Wang
CPC classification number: H01M4/137 , B01D67/0088 , B01D69/12 , B01D2313/345 , B01D2325/14 , B01D2325/16 , B01D2325/42 , C25D1/006 , H01M4/02 , H01M4/13 , H01M4/366 , H01M4/602 , H01M2004/021 , H01M2004/027 , H01M2004/028
Abstract: Surface conduction in porous media can drastically alter the stability and morphology of electrodeposition at high rates, above the diffusion-limited current. Above the limiting current, surface conduction inhibits growth in the positive membrane and produces irregular dendrites, while it enhances growth and suppresses dendrites behind a deionization shock in the negative membrane. The discovery of uniform growth contradicts quasi-steady “leaky membrane” models, which are in the same universality class as unstable Laplacian growth, and indicates the importance of transient electro-diffusion or electro-osmotic dispersion. Shock electrodeposition could be exploited for high-rate recharging of metal batteries or manufacturing of metal matrix composite coatings.
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