摘要:
A novel and useful RF oscillator suitable for use in applications requiring ultra-low voltage and power. The oscillator structure, employing alternating current source transistors, combines the benefits of low supply voltage operation of conventional NMOS cross-coupled oscillators together with high current efficiency of the complementary push-pull oscillators. In addition, the 1/f noise upconversion is also reduced. The oscillator can be incorporated within a wide range of circuit applications, including for example a conventional phase locked loop (PLL), all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL), wireline transceiver circuits and mobile devices.
摘要:
A novel and useful 60 GHz frequency generator based on a third harmonic extraction technique which improves system level efficiency and performance. The frequency generator employs a third harmonic boosting technique to increase the third harmonic at the output of the oscillator. The oscillator generates both ˜20 GHz fundamental and a significant amount of the third harmonic at ˜60 GHz and avoids the need for a frequency divider operating at 60 GHz. The undesired fundamental harmonic at ˜20 GHz is rejected by the good fundamental HRR inherent in the oscillator buffer stage while the ˜60 GHz component is amplified to the output. The fundamental harmonic is further suppressed by an active cancellation by properly combining the two outputs. The oscillator fabricated in 40 nm CMOS exhibits a phase noise of −100 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from a 60 GHz carrier and have a tuning range of 25%.
摘要:
A novel and useful RF oscillator suitable for use in applications requiring ultra-low voltage and power. The oscillator structure, employing alternating current source transistors, combines the benefits of low supply voltage operation of conventional NMOS cross-coupled oscillators together with high current efficiency of the complementary push-pull oscillators. In addition, the 1/f noise upconversion is also reduced. The oscillator can be incorporated within a wide range of circuit applications, including for example a conventional phase locked loop (PLL), all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL), wireline transceiver circuits and mobile devices.
摘要:
A novel and useful transmitter (TX) architecture for ultra-low power (ULP) radios. An all-digital PLL employs a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) having switching current sources to reduce supply voltage and power consumption without sacrificing phase noise and startup margins. It also reduces 1/f noise allowing the ADPLL after settling to reduce its sampling rate or shut it off entirely during direct DCO data modulation. A switching power amplifier integrates its matching network while operating in class-E/F2 to maximally enhance its efficiency. The transmitter has been realized in 28 nm CMOS and satisfies all metal density and other manufacturing rules. It consumes 3.6 mW/5.5 mW while delivering 0 dBm/3 dBm RF power in Bluetooth Low-Energy.
摘要:
A novel and useful fully integrated switched-mode wideband 60 GHz power amplifier architecture. Using an appropriate second-harmonic termination of its output matching network, the required systematic peak current of the final stage is reduced such that the PA functions as a class-E/F2 switched-mode PA at saturation. In addition, low/moderate magnetic coupling factor transformers in the intermediate stages enable the PA to reach a high power added efficiency (PAE) and bandwidth product. Transformers of low/moderate coupling are also utilized in the preliminary stages of the PA to improve the overall bandwidth. In addition, the PA exploits the different behavior of the output impedance matching network for differential mode (DM) and common mode (CM) excitations. The PA is also stabilized against the combination of DM and CM oscillation modes. The PA also provides a technique to stabilize transformer-based mm-wave amplifiers against various modes of undesired oscillations.
摘要:
A novel and useful 60 GHz frequency generator based on a third harmonic extraction technique which improves system level efficiency and performance. The frequency generator employs a third harmonic boosting technique to increase the third harmonic at the output of the oscillator. The oscillator generates both ˜20 GHz fundamental and a significant amount of the third harmonic at ˜60 GHz and avoids the need for a frequency divider operating at 60 GHz. The undesired fundamental harmonic at ˜20 GHz is rejected by the good fundamental harmonic rejection ratio (HRR) inherent in the oscillator buffer stage while the ˜60 GHz component is amplified to the output. The fundamental harmonic is further suppressed by active cancellation by properly combining the two outputs. The oscillator fabricated in 40 nm CMOS exhibits a phase noise of −100 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from a 60 GHz carrier and have a tuning range of 25%.
摘要:
A novel and useful transmitter (TX) architecture for ultra-low power (ULP) radios. An all-digital PLL employs a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) having switching current sources to reduce supply voltage and power consumption without sacrificing phase noise and startup margins. It also reduces 1/f noise allowing the ADPLL after settling to reduce its sampling rate or shut it off entirely during direct DCO data modulation. A switching power amplifier integrates its matching network while operating in class-E/F2 to maximally enhance its efficiency. The transmitter has been realized in 28 nm CMOS and satisfies all metal density and other manufacturing rules. It consumes 3.6 mW/5.5 mW while delivering 0 dBm/3 dBm RF power in Bluetooth Low-Energy.
摘要:
A novel and useful fully integrated switched-mode wideband 60 GHz power amplifier architecture. Using an appropriate second-harmonic termination of its output matching network, the required systematic peak current of the final stage is reduced such that the PA functions as a class-E/F2 switched-mode PA at saturation. In addition, low/moderate magnetic coupling factor transformers in the intermediate stages enable the PA to reach a high power added efficiency (PAE) and bandwidth product. Transformers of low/moderate coupling are also utilized in the preliminary stages of the PA to improve the overall bandwidth. In addition, the PA exploits the different behavior of the output impedance matching network for differential mode (DM) and common mode (CM) excitations. The PA is also stabilized against the combination of DM and CM oscillation modes. The PA also provides a technique to stabilize transformer-based mm-wave amplifiers against various modes of undesired oscillations.