摘要:
An electrically conductive complex obtained by reacting a thia-and/or selenafulvalenyl group-containing compound as an electron donor with an electron acceptor, and having an electron donar/electron acceptor molar ratio of 1/0.1 to 1/10, the thia-and/or selenafulvalenyl group-containing compound having the formula (I), ##STR1## wherein each of X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3, X.sub.4, X'.sub.1, X'.sub.2, X'.sub.3 and X'.sub.4 is independently S or Se, Y is an electron donating or electron accepting group having a size which is not so large as to prevent molecular overlapping, m is an integer of 0 to 4, each of Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2, Z'.sub.1 and Z'.sub.2 is independently a hydrogen atom, C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 in which n is an integer of 1 to 5, or alternatively, a combination of Z.sub.1 with Z.sub.2 or Z'.sub.2 and is C.sub.n H.sub.2n in which n is an integer of 1 to 5, or X(C.sub.n H.sub.2n).sub.n' X in which X is S or Se and n' is an integer of 1 to 3, and each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R'.sub.1, R'.sub.2 and R'.sub.3 is independently a hydrogen atom or C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 in which n is an integer of 1 to 5.
摘要翻译:一种导电络合物,其通过使具有电子给体的含硫基和/或塞来烯烯基富烯基的化合物与电子受体反应,并且具有1 / 0.1〜1/10的电子对/电子受体摩尔比, 其中X 1,X 2,X 3,X 4,X'1,X'2,X'3和X'4各自为(ⅰ) 独立地是S或Se,Y是具有不大于防止分子重叠的尺寸的给电子或电子接受基团,m是0至4的整数,Z1,Z2,Z'1和Z'2中的每一个 独立地为氢原子,其中n为1〜5的整数的C n H 2n + 1,或者Z 1与Z 2或Z'2的组合为C n H 2n,n为1〜5的整数,X( C n H 2n)n X,其中X为S或Se,n'为1〜3的整数,R1,R2,R3,R'1,R'2和R'3各自独立地为氢原子或Cn H2n + 1,其中n为1〜5的整数。
摘要:
A thia- and/or selenafulvalenyl group-containing compound of the formula (I), ##STR1## wherein each of X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3, X.sub.4, X'.sub.1, X'.sub.2, X'.sub.3 and X'.sub.4 is independently S or Se, Y is an electron donating or electron accepting group having a size which is not so large as to prevent molecular overlapping, m is an integer of 0 to 4, each of Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2, Z'.sub.1 and Z'.sub.2 is independently a hydrogen atom, C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 in which n is an integer of 1 to 5, or alternatively, a combination of Z.sub.1 with Z.sub.2 and Z'.sub.1 with Z'.sub.2 is C.sub.n H.sub.2n in which n is an integer of 1 to 5, or X(C.sub.n H.sub.2n).sub.n', X in which X is S or Se and n' is an integer of 1 to 3, and each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R'.sub.1, R'.sub.2 and R'.sub.3 is independently a hydrogen atom or C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 in which n is an integer of 1 to 5. The compound has an electron donating nature and can be used to make electrically conductive complexes. The compound has an excellent thermal stability.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for producing a polymer structure comprising: mixing and unifying a matrix polymer made of a linear polymer and a highly-branched polymer having hydrophilic functional groups at molecular ends and to form a structure containing the matrix polymer and the highly-branched polymer; and subjecting the obtained structure to either immersion in water and/or a hydrophilic solvent or exposure to an atmosphere of vapor of water and/or a hydrophilic solvent at a temperature ranging from a temperature lower than Tg of the matrix polymer by 30° C. to decomposition temperature of the matrix polymer; wherein the hydrophilic functional groups at the molecular ends of the highly-branched polymer are distributed in outermost surface of the polymer structure at an enhanced density. The present invention also relates to a process for producing a polymer structure in which vinyl polymer chains are grafted to at least a part of the hydrophilic functional groups.
摘要:
An LD driver to generate an asymmetrical driving current with a relatively faster falling edge and an optical transmitter having the LD driver are disclosed. The LD driver includes a primary driver and the sub-driver connected in parallel to the primary driver. The primary driver converts the input signal or the delayed signal delayed from the input signal into the primary current. The sub-driver generates a symmetrical current tracing the input or the delayed signal, and an asymmetrical current formed by the OR operation between the input and delayed signals. The driving current is formed by adding the primary current, the symmetrical current and the asymmetrical current.
摘要:
A grease composition for use in resin lubrication wherein at least one amine salt of an unsaturated or saturated fatty acid is incorporated in a grease base material which includes a base oil and a thickener, preferably wherein at least one fatty acid amine salt of the following general formula (1) is incorporated: RCOO−R′NH3′ wherein either (i) R is an unsaturated by hydrocarbon group having from 15 to 21 carbon atoms, and R′ is a saturated or unsaturated linear or branched hydrocarbon group having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms; or (ii) R is a linear saturated hydrocarbon group having from 5 to 21 carbon atoms, and R′ is an unsaturated hydrocarbon group having from 16 to 18 carbon atoms. The grease composition of the- present invention improves the lubricity between resin and resin or resin. and another material such as a metal.
摘要:
The present invention provides an optical receiver able to monitor the level of the optical input signal in accurate even when the level is quite small. The optical receiver comprises a photodiode to generate a photocurrent Ipd, a current mirror circuit to reflect the photocurrent into a mirrored current Imon, a current-to-voltage converter to convert the mirrored current Imon to a voltage signal, switch to connect/cut the current mirror circuit with the current-to-voltage converter, and a correction unit for subtracting a signal when the switch is connected from a signal when the switch is cut.
摘要:
The present invention provides an auto-power control (APC) circuit and a method to stabilize the extinction ratio of an optical output from a laser diode (LD) in an optical transmitter. The APC circuit according to the invention includes two feedback loops for the modulation IM and the bias current IB each having variable loop gain. The extinction ratio of the optical output from the LD is kept constant by setting the ratio of the loop gains of respective APC circuits to be ER−1.
摘要:
The present invention provides an optical receiver that includes a monitoring unit with a function to prevent the unit from misjudging of the loss-of-signal state. In particular, the present invention is applicable to the monitoring unit that receives the signal to be judged from the processing unit posterior to the optical converting unit that couples with the processing unit via the capacitor. The signal reflects the second or higher order response lag due to the coupling capacitor. The monitoring unit of the invention generates the loss-of-alarm signal when the signal is continuously smaller than the first reference by a preset time and continuously greater than the second reference by the present time.
摘要:
The present invention provides an optical receiver that enables to vary the sensitivity depending on the transmission speed. The optical receiver provides a photodiode to generate the photocurrent, the pre-amplifier to convert the photocurrent to the voltage signal, the lead pin to supply the bias voltage to the photodiode, and the control block to generate the switching signal for varying the current-to-voltage conversion efficiency and the frequency bandwidth of the pre-amplifier based on the control signal. The control signal is commonly provided from the lead pin through which the bias voltage is applied. The control block interprets the signal applied to the lead pin and generates the switching signal.
摘要:
The present invention provides an optical receiver applicable to various transmission rates. The optical receiver of the invention includes a main amplifier and a switching unit. The main amplifier amplifies a voltage signal output from the preamplifier, which converts the photocurrent to the voltage signal. The switching unit is inserted between the preamplifier and the main amplifier to vary the input impedance RIN of the main amplifier depending on the transmission rate.