公开(公告)号：US2539998A

公开(公告)日：1951-01-30

申请号：US9386449

申请日：1949-05-18

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： HOLLAND-MARTIN CYRIL G ,  BOWYER ALDRED W

IPC: G06F7/02 ,  G06F7/22

CPC classification number: G06F7/02 ,  G06F7/22

Abstract: 655,674. Statistical apparatus. MARTIN, C. G. HOLLAND-, and BOWYER, A. W. Nov. 3, 1947, No. 29288. [Class 106 (i)] A record-card controlled machine for searching for data contained in unknown columns of the cards, comprises card feeding means, data sensing means from which data is presented to a search unit column by column, and card separating or data reproducing means. The search unit includes a chain of contacts manually set to represent desired data, interspersed with contacts automatically set by the sensing means ; other similar chains are brought into operation when the first chain registers an agreement. In the described embodiments the data searched for consists of patent subject-matter, particularly chemical data which can be expressed in alphabetical and numerical characters and represented by a card code set out in the Specification. The required data is set up manually on a switchboard, and appropriate plug connections are made (Fig. 1, not shown). Upon depression of a start key, the cards are fed endwise from a magazine 102, Fig. 2, by mechanism including a one-revolution clutch 133 controlled by a magnet CFCM and driving an eccentric 131 which reciprocates a sector driving the picker blade 121. The usual card lever control contacts CLC are closed as the card passes, and sensing brushes 126 read the cards column by column. After sensing, the cards are passed on by the feeding rollers to a pocket RP, but when a card is found to contain the required data, a magnet SM is energized and its armature lever 127 depresses a deflector 128 which guides the selected card into a pocket SP. The search unit according to a first embodiment is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 3. In the first chain of contacts, switches 8a ... 12a represent the manually settable means, while switches a in this chain are controlled by magnets R8 ... R12 each in the circuit of a card sensing brush 126. Where a card column contains the same data as that represented by the manually set switches, a circuit is completed through the first chain of contacts energizing the pick-up coil of a relav R 16 which closes contacts R16b in the second chain, thus preparing it for the next stage of comparison. Relay R16 also sets up a holding circuit, the duration of which depends on the plug connection from the socket 31. If taken to one of the sockets 26, the relay R16 is held until the following card column has been sensed when, if there is again agreement, relay R17 will be energized, after which contacts C2 open and relay R16 is deenergized. When the required data has been sensed and the appropriate relays R16 ... R20 have been successively energized, a plug connection to a socket 33 completes the circuit of a relay R14 which establishes a holding circuit through its contacts a and prepares a circuit for the magnet SM through its contacts b. Energization of magnet SM, upon closure of contacts C6 at an appropriate time, causes the required card to be guided into the pocket SP as described above. Various possible searches are described, and means are provided for skipping certain data (such as numerical data) in particular cases. Moreover, a combination of two groups of data may be searched for. In a second embodiment an electronic search unit is employed for greater speed. Each chain of the search unit is built up from valve units, Fig. 5a, which, in the unset state, have plug connections between 200 and 201, 202 and 203, and across sockets 210, whereby the valve is, normally, non-conducting. - In the set state, sockets 201 and 202, 203 and 200 are connected and the valves are, normally, conducting. When a card hole is sensed, a positive impulse arrives via a wire 207 and has the effect of switching a non-conducting valve (unset state), " ON or a conducting valve (set state) " OFF." Thus, agreement between the setting of the valve units and the sensed data is indicated when all the valves in the chain are in the " OFF " condition. The anodes of all the valves in a chain are connected to the H.T. supply via a plug point 273, Fig. 5b, and resistor 211 across which there is a voltage drop, as long as any valve in the chain is conducting, sufficient to prevent a valve V13 from conducting. When, however, all the valves become non-conducting the voltages on the grid and cathode of V13 become equal and the valve conducts causing a negative pulse to pass through a diode V14 to the grid of a triode V15 comprising the normally conducting valve of a flip-flop V15, V16. The impulse momentarily reverses the flip-flop, and as the valve V16 returns to its normal state its rising anode potential is applied to the grid of a cathode follower V17 causing a positive pulse to be developed across the load 223 which, being supplied to the grid of a thyratron V18 causes the latter to strike. The anode of V18 may be connected via plug point 229 to the common cathode line 208 of the search valves in the next chain, so that when V18 becomes conductive the necessary potential difference is supplied to render the next chain effective. V18 is extinguished when a negative impulse from a control unit, arriving at a plug point 233, causes a large amplitude positive pulse across the anode load 230 of a valve V19. This pulse, through a condenser 228, drives the cathode of V18 sufficiently positive to extinguish the thyratron. The control unit comprises a unit supplying a short-time sensing impulse employing a flip-flop circuit triggered by the closure of cam contacts, a similar unit supplying the resetting impulse referred to above, and a further unit for cancelling the resetting impulse when column skipping is permissible. The general operation of the electronic search unit (Fig. 6, not shown) is similar to that of the first embodiment. Instead of separating the cards bearing the required data means may be provided for reproducing the required data from the cards which may then remain in their original order. The data which could be represented in the card by punching, marking, embossing or magnetizing may be sensed while the card is at rest and then read out column by column by an 80-position commutator in the manner described in Specification 623,283.