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公开(公告)号：US12122962B2
公开(公告)日：2024-10-22
申请号：US16514677
申请日：2019-07-17
发明人： Terry Marker , Jim Wangerow , Pedro Ortiz-Toral , Martin Linck
CPC分类号： C10G2/331 , B01J23/38 , C01B3/40 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/1064 , C10G2300/1011
摘要： Processes and catalysts for producing hydrogen by reforming methane are disclosed, which afford considerable flexibility in terms of the quality of the reformer feed. This can be attributed to the robustness of the noble metal-containing catalysts described herein for use in reforming, such that a number of components commonly present in methane-containing process streams can advantageously be maintained without conventional upgrading (pretreating) steps, thereby improving process economics. This also allows for the reforming of impure reformer feeds, even in relatively small quantities, which may be characterized as complex gas mixtures due to significant quantities of non-methane components. A representative reforming catalyst comprises 1 wt-% Pt and 1 wt-% Rh as noble metals, on a cerium oxide support.
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公开(公告)号：US11104852B2
公开(公告)日：2021-08-31
申请号：US16405364
申请日：2019-05-07
发明人： Terry Marker , Jim Wangerow , Pedro Ortiz-Toral , Martin Linck
IPC分类号： C10G2/00 , C10G11/02 , C10G11/14 , B01J8/24 , B01J21/04 , C10G11/18 , C10G11/04 , C10G47/30 , C10G11/05
摘要： Processes and catalyst systems are disclosed for performing Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis to produce C4+ hydrocarbons, such as gasoline boiling-range hydrocarbons and/or diesel boiling-range hydrocarbons. Advantageously, catalyst systems described herein have additional activity (beyond FT activity) for in situ hydroisomerization and/or hydrocracking of wax that is generated according to the distribution of hydrocarbons obtained from the FT synthesis reaction. This not only improves the yield of hydrocarbons (e.g., C4-19 hydrocarbons) that are useful for transportation fuels, but also allows for alternative reactor types, such as a fluidized bed reactor.
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3.发明授权公开(公告)号：US10738247B2
公开(公告)日：2020-08-11
申请号：US15813814
申请日：2017-11-15
发明人： Terry Marker , Martin B. Linck , Jim Wangerow , Pedro Ortiz-Toral
IPC分类号： C10G50/00 , C07C1/04 , C10L3/08 , C07C1/12 , C07C5/13 , C07C9/04 , B01D3/14 , C10G47/32 , B01D3/06 , C01B32/50
摘要： Processes for converting methane and/or other hydrocarbons to synthesis gas (i.e., a gaseous mixture comprising H2 and CO) are disclosed, in which at least a portion of the hydrocarbon(s) is reacted with CO2. At least a second portion of the methane may be reacted with H2O (steam), thereby improving overall thermodynamics of the process, in terms of reducing endothermicity (ΔH) and the required energy input, compared to “pure” dry reforming in which no H2O is present. Such dry reforming (reaction with CO2 only) or CO2-steam reforming (reaction with both CO2 and steam) processes are advantageously integrated with Fischer-Tropsch synthesis to yield liquid hydrocarbon fuels. Further integration may involve the use of a downstream finishing stage involving hydroisomerization to remove FT wax. Yet other integration options involve the use of combined CO2-steam reforming and FT synthesis stages (optionally with finishing) for producing liquid fuels from gas streams generated in a number of possible processes, including the hydropyrolysis of biomass.
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4.发明授权公开(公告)号：US11667853B2
公开(公告)日：2023-06-06
申请号：US16928096
申请日：2020-07-14
发明人： Terry Marker , Martin B. Linck , Jim Wangerow , Pedro Ortiz-Toral
IPC分类号： C10G50/00 , C07C1/10 , C07C1/12 , C10L3/08 , C07C1/04 , C07C5/13 , C07C9/04 , B01D3/14 , C10G47/32 , B01D3/06 , C01B32/50
CPC分类号： C10G50/00 , B01D3/06 , B01D3/143 , C07C1/04 , C07C1/12 , C07C5/13 , C07C9/04 , C10G47/32 , C10L3/08 , C01B32/50 , C10G2300/1025 , C10G2400/02 , C10G2400/04 , C10G2400/08 , C10G2400/16
摘要： Processes for converting methane and/or other hydrocarbons to synthesis gas (i.e., a gaseous mixture comprising H2 and CO) are disclosed, in which at least a portion of the hydrocarbon(s) is reacted with CO2. At least a second portion of the methane may be reacted with H2O (steam), thereby improving overall thermodynamics of the process, in terms of reducing endothermicity (ΔH) and the required energy input, compared to “pure” dry reforming in which no H2O is present. Such dry reforming (reaction with CO2 only) or CO2-steam reforming (reaction with both CO2 and steam) processes are advantageously integrated with Fischer-Tropsch synthesis to yield liquid hydrocarbon fuels. Further integration may involve the use of a downstream finishing stage involving hydroisomerization to remove FT wax. Yet other integration options involve the use of combined CO2-steam reforming and FT synthesis stages (optionally with finishing) for producing liquid fuels from gas streams generated in a number of possible processes, including the hydropyrolysis of biomass.
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公开(公告)号：US11111142B2
公开(公告)日：2021-09-07
申请号：US16134623
申请日：2018-09-18
发明人： Terry Marker , Jim Wangerow , Pedro Ortiz-Toral , Martin Linck
IPC分类号： C01B3/40
摘要： Processes and catalysts for producing hydrogen by reforming methane are disclosed, which afford considerable flexibility in terms of the quality of the reformer feed. This can be attributed to the robustness of the noble metal-containing catalysts described herein for use in reforming, such that a number of components commonly present in methane-containing process streams can advantageously be maintained without conventional upgrading (pretreating) steps, thereby improving process economics. This also allows for the reforming of impure reformer feeds, even in relatively small quantities, which may be characterized as complex gas mixtures due to significant quantities of non-methane components. A representative reforming catalyst comprises 1 wt-% Pt and 1 wt-% Rh as noble metals, on a cerium oxide support.
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公开(公告)号：US12065618B2
公开(公告)日：2024-08-20
申请号：US17182783
申请日：2021-02-23
发明人： Martin B. Linck , Terry Marker , Pedro Ortiz-Toral , Jim Wangerow
CPC分类号： C10G3/49 , B01J23/85 , C08J11/16 , C10G3/50 , C10G3/56 , C08J2367/02 , C10G2300/1003 , C10G2300/4012 , C10G2400/30
摘要： Process are disclosed for converting plastics, and especially thermoplastic oxygenated polymers, by hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) to hydrocarbons, such as aromatic hydrocarbons including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene isomers. These hydrocarbons may be recovered as chemicals and/or fuels, depending on the particular chemical structures of the starting materials, including the presence of oxygen in the polymer backbones. Advantageously, using a sufficiently active catalyst, only moderate conditions, such as in terms of hydrogen partial pressure, are required, in comparison to known hydrotreating processes. This leads to the formation, with fewer non-selective side reactions, of desired liquid hydrocarbons from substantially all carbon in the oxygenated polymer, as well as water from substantially all oxygen in the oxygenated polymer. In some cases, the liquid hydrocarbons obtained are platform chemicals that can be used for a number of specialized purposes. For example, they may be converted to monomers for regenerating the oxygenated polymer or otherwise for producing a different polymer.
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公开(公告)号：US10906808B2
公开(公告)日：2021-02-02
申请号：US15813781
申请日：2017-11-15
发明人： Terry Marker , Martin Linck , Jim Wangerow , Pedro Ortiz-Toral
IPC分类号： C01B3/40 , B01J23/656 , B01J23/10 , B01J23/63
摘要： Processes for converting methane and/or other hydrocarbons to synthesis gas (i.e., a gaseous mixture comprising H2 and CO) are disclosed, in which at least a portion of the hydrocarbon(s) is reacted with CO2. At least a second portion of the methane may be reacted with H2O (steam), thereby improving overall thermodynamics of the process, in terms of reducing endothermicity (ΔH) and the required energy input, compared to “pure” dry reforming in which no H2O is present. Catalysts for such processes advantageously possess high activity and thereby can achieve significant levels of methane conversion at temperatures below those used conventionally under comparable conditions. These catalysts also exhibit high sulfur tolerance, in addition to reduced rates of carbon (coke) formation, even in the processing (reforming) of heavier (e.g., naphtha boiling-range or jet fuel boiling-range) hydrocarbons. The robustness of the catalyst translates to high operating stability. A representative catalyst comprises 1 wt-% Pt and 1 wt-% Rh as noble metals, on a cerium oxide support.
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公开(公告)号：US10759722B2
公开(公告)日：2020-09-01
申请号：US15867902
申请日：2018-01-11
发明人： Terry Marker , Jim Wangerow , Dane Boysen , Martin B. Linck , Pedro Ortiz-Toral
摘要： Aspects of the invention are associated with the discovery of approaches for the conversion of sour natural gas streams, by conversion to liquid hydrocarbons. Particular processes and their associated apparatuses advantageously combine (i) dehydroaromatization (DHA) of methane in a gaseous feedstock, to produce aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, with (ii) the reaction of H2S and methane in this feedstock, to produce organic sulfur compounds such as carbon disulfide (CS2) and thiophene (C4H4S). A gaseous product having a reduced concentration of H2S is thereby generated. The aromatic hydrocarbons and organic sulfur compounds may be recovered in a liquid product. Both the gaseous and liquid products may be easily amenable to further upgrading. Other advantages of the disclosed processes and apparatuses reside in their simplicity, whereby the associated streams, including a potential gaseous recycle, generally avoid high partial pressures of H2S.
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公开(公告)号：US09963399B2
公开(公告)日：2018-05-08
申请号：US15288329
申请日：2016-10-07
摘要： Aspects of the invention are associated with the discovery of processes for converting methane (CH4), present in a methane-containing feedstock that may be obtained from a variety of sources such as natural gas, to higher hydrocarbons (e.g., C4+ hydrocarbons) such as gasoline, diesel fuel, or jet fuel boiling-range hydrocarbons, which may optionally be separated (e.g., by fractionation) for use as transportation fuels, or otherwise as blending components for such fuels. Particular aspects of the invention are associated with advantages arising from maintaining reaction conditions that improve the yield of C4+ hydrocarbons. Further aspects relate to the advantages gained by integration of the appropriate reactions to carry out the methane conversion, with downstream separation to recover and recycle desirable components of the reaction effluent, thereby improving process economics to the extent needed for commercial viability.
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