公开(公告)号：US20040033656A1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-19

申请号：US10641640

申请日：2003-08-14

申请人： Fairchild Imaging

发明人： David Wen ,  Steve Onishi

IPC分类号： H01L021/8238

CPC分类号： H01L21/823406 ,  H01L27/14687 ,  H01L27/14843

摘要： Large area, fast frame rate, charge coupled devices (CCDs) are provided. Interline transfer CCDs can have interleaved pinned photodiodes and vertical shift registers. The interline transfer CCDs are ideal for producing high frame rate video images from a continuous light source. The photodiodes transfer charge indicative of the previous video frame to an adjacent vertical shift register with little or no lag, while light from the current video frame is integrating in the photodiodes. The charge signals only have to travel a short distance from a photodiode to an adjacent vertical shift register. The charge signals indicative of each video frame are then shifted out of the vertical shift registers. Each vertical shift register has a doping gradient that increases the charge transfer rate. All of these factors provide a fast and efficient video frame rate, even in a large area CCD.

公开(公告)号：US20040012688A1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-22

申请号：US10197967

申请日：2002-07-16

申请人： Fairchild Imaging

发明人： Natale F. Tinnerino ,  David Wen ,  Edward Leon Guerrero ,  Douglas Debs ,  Dan Laxson

IPC分类号： H04N005/335

CPC分类号： H04N5/3728 ,  H04N5/2254 ,  H04N5/32 ,  H04N5/3415 ,  H04N5/37213

摘要： Large area cameras that sense light using charge coupled devices are provided. The large area cameras have a scintillator that senses short wavelength (e.g. x-rays) radiation and provides light at a longer wavelength. Optical fibers transmit the light to charge coupled devices arranged in an MnullN array. Subsets of the image signals can be summed together to increase signal strength and frame rate. The image signals can be amplified and digitized to accomplish image reconstruction in near-real time for a plurality of CCDs. To accomplish image reconstruction in near-real time for a plurality of CCDs, the digitized signals for one image frame are stored in first memory circuits, while image signals from another frame are read out of second memory circuits. The image signal are written into and read out of the memory circuits in configurations that are independent of the orientation of the CCDs within the CCD array. The image reconstruction circuitry can simultaneously read and write signals into memory at different rates, typically reading faster than writing.

摘要翻译： 提供了使用电荷耦合器件感测光的大面积照相机。 大面积照相机具有感测短波长（例如x射线）辐射并提供更长波长的光的闪烁体。 光纤将光发送到以MxN阵列布置的电荷耦合器件。 可以将图像信号的子集合在一起以增加信号强度和帧速率。 可以对图像信号进行放大和数字化，以实现多个CCD的近实时图像重建。 为了实现多个CCD的近实时图像重建，一个图像帧的数字化信号被存储在第一存储器电路中，而来自另一帧的图像信号被从第二存储器电路读出。 在独立于CCD阵列内的CCD的取向的结构中，图像信号被写入和读出存储器电路。 图像重建电路可以以不同的速率同时读取和写入信号到存储器中，通常读取速度比写入快。

公开(公告)号：US20040135914A1

公开(公告)日：2004-07-15

申请号：US10133228

申请日：2002-04-26

申请人： Fairchild Imaging

发明人： David Wen

IPC分类号： H04N005/335

CPC分类号： H04N5/335

摘要： Embodiments of the present invention are directed to an apparatus and a method for synchronizing the velocity of an image of a moving object or target and the clocking of image sensor elements used to track the moving target. In one embodiment, an imaging apparatus comprises a two-dimensional array of image sensor elements being configured to sense a first set of image elements of a target moving in a first direction with respect to the two-dimensional array of image sensor elements, to integrate light from the set of image elements into corresponding pixel values, and to shift the pixel values along the image sensor elements in the first direction according to a clock rate. A plurality of rows of image sensor elements are spaced from each other and extend in the first direction. The rows of image sensor elements are configured to sense a second set of image elements of the target moving in the first direction, to integrate light from the rows of image sensor elements into corresponding pixel values, and to shift the pixel values along the rows of image sensor elements in the first direction according to the clock rate. The plurality of rows have the same number of image sensor elements. Each row has image sensor elements that are different in length from the image sensor elements of the other rows. A measurement module is coupled with the plurality of rows of image sensor elements to measure the sharpness of detected image elements sensed by the image sensor elements in each row and to identify the row of image sensor elements having the sharpest detected image elements sensed by the image sensor elements. By comparing the sharpness of the outputs from the plurality of CCD registers, one can determine which way to adjust either the velocity of the target or the clock rate to optimize the sharpness of the image for the array of image sensor elements.

摘要翻译： 本发明的实施例涉及用于使移动物体或目标的图像的速度与用于跟踪移动目标的图像传感器元件的定时同步的装置和方法。 在一个实施例中，成像设备包括图像传感器元件的二维阵列，其被配置为感测相对于图像传感器元件的二维阵列在第一方向上移动的目标的第一组图像元素，以便整合 将该组图像元素的光转换为对应的像素值，并且根据时钟速率沿着第一方向沿着图像传感器元件移位像素值。 多行图像传感器元件彼此间隔开并沿着第一方向延伸。 图像传感器元件的行被配置为感测在第一方向上移动的目标的第二组图像元素，以将来自图像传感器元件的行的光集成到相应的像素值中，并且沿着 图像传感器元件根据时钟速率在第一个方向。 多行具有相同数量的图像传感器元件。 每行具有与其他行的图像传感器元件的长度不同的图像传感器元件。 测量模块与多行图像传感器元件耦合以测量由每行中的图像传感器元件感测的检测图像元素的清晰度，并且识别具有由图像感测的最清晰检测到的图像元素的图像传感器元件行 传感器元件 通过比较来自多个CCD寄存器的输出的清晰度，可以确定哪种方式来调整目标的速度或时钟速率以优化图像传感器元件阵列的图像的清晰度。

公开(公告)号：US20040014332A1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-22

申请号：US10198269

申请日：2002-07-16

申请人： Fairchild Imaging

发明人： David Wen ,  Steve Onishi

IPC分类号： H01L021/8238

CPC分类号： H01L21/823406 ,  H01L27/14687 ,  H01L27/14843

摘要： Large area, fast frame rate, charge coupled devices (CCDs) are provided. Interline transfer CCDs can have interleaved pinned photodiodes and vertical shift registers. The interline transfer CCDs are ideal for producing high frame rate video images from a continuous light source. The photodiodes transfer charge indicative of the previous video frame to an adjacent vertical shift register with little or no lag, while light from the current video frame is integrating in the photodiodes. The charge signals only have to travel a short distance from a photodiode to an adjacent vertical shift register. The charge signals indicative of each video frame are then shifted out of the vertical shift registers. Each vertical shift register has a doping gradient that increases the charge transfer rate. All of these factors provide a fast and efficient video frame rate, even in a large area CCD.

摘要翻译： 提供大面积，快速帧速率，电荷耦合器件（CCD）。 行间传输CCD可以具有交错的钉扎光电二极管和垂直移位寄存器。 线间传输CCD是从连续光源产生高帧率视频图像的理想选择。 光电二极管将指示先前视频帧的电荷传输到具有很小或没有滞后的相邻垂直移位寄存器，而来自当前视频帧的光则集成在光电二极管中。 充电信号仅需要从光电二极管行进到相邻的垂直移位寄存器。 指示每个视频帧的电荷信号然后被移出垂直移位寄存器。 每个垂直移位寄存器具有增加电荷转移速率的掺杂梯度。 所有这些因素即使在大面积CCD中也能提供快速高效的视频帧率。