公开(公告)号：US20110249676A1

公开(公告)日：2011-10-13

申请号：US12757165

申请日：2010-04-09

申请人： Bijendra Singh ,  Vibha Sarin ,  Hong Li ,  Chandra Ganesh

发明人： Bijendra Singh ,  Vibha Sarin ,  Hong Li ,  Chandra Ganesh

IPC分类号： H04L12/56

CPC分类号： H04L49/15 ,  H04L49/25

摘要： A method for forwarding a packet may include generating, by a first hash function module, a first hash value based on data included within the packet. The method may also include generating, by a second hash function module, a second hash value based on data included within the packet. The method may additionally include determining, by a first hash region integral to a memory and associated with the first hash function module, whether an index location of the first hash region corresponding to the first hash value includes an entry. Moreover, the method may include determining, by a second hash region integral to a memory and associated with the second hash function module, whether an index location of the second hash region corresponding to the second hash includes an entry. The method may further include, in response to a determination that at least one of the index location of the first hash region corresponding to the first hash value and the index location of the second hash region corresponding to the second hash value includes an entry, forwarding the packet based on forwarding information included within the entry.

摘要翻译： 用于转发分组的方法可以包括由第一散列函数模块基于分组中包括的数据生成第一哈希值。 该方法还可以包括通过第二散列函数模块基于包中包括的数据生成第二散列值。 该方法可以另外包括通过与存储器整合并与第一散列函数模块相关联的第一散列区确定与第一散列值对应的第一散列区域的索引位置是否包括条目。 此外，该方法可以包括通过与存储器整合并与第二散列函数模块相关联的第二散列区域确定与第二散列对应的第二散列区域的索引位置是否包括条目。 该方法还可以包括响应于确定与第一散列值相对应的第一散列区域的索引位置和对应于第二散列值的第二散列区域的索引位置中的至少一个包括条目，转发 该分组基于包含在该条目内的转发信息。

公开(公告)号：US08249073B2

公开(公告)日：2012-08-21

申请号：US12731823

申请日：2010-03-25

申请人： Bijendra Singh ,  Vibha Chhatwal Sarin ,  Hong Li

发明人： Bijendra Singh ,  Vibha Chhatwal Sarin ,  Hong Li

IPC分类号： H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/56

CPC分类号： H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/66 ,  H04L49/352

摘要： In one embodiment, a method for telecommunications includes steps of receiving a first packet through a first port, and determining whether the first packet arrived over a protected path. If the first packet arrived over a protected path, the method also includes the steps of hashing a source address of the first packet, adding a first entry into a forwarding table, and adding a second entry into the forwarding table. The protected path is coupled to at least the first port and a second port. The first entry includes the result of hashing the packet, and an identification of the first port. The second entry includes the result of hashing the packet, and an identification of the second port.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，一种用于电信的方法包括以下步骤：通过第一端口接收第一分组，以及确定第一分组是否通过受保护的路径到达。 如果第一分组通过受保护的路径到达，则该方法还包括以下步骤：对第一分组的源地址进行散列，将第一条目添加到转发表中，并将第二条目添加到转发表中。 受保护的路径至少耦合到第一端口和第二端口。 第一个条目包括散列数据包的结果和第一个端口的标识。 第二个条目包括散列数据包的结果和第二个端口的标识。

公开(公告)号：US20110235640A1

公开(公告)日：2011-09-29

申请号：US12731823

申请日：2010-03-25

申请人： Bijendra Singh ,  Vibha Chhatwal Sarin ,  Hong Li

发明人： Bijendra Singh ,  Vibha Chhatwal Sarin ,  Hong Li

IPC分类号： H04L12/56

CPC分类号： H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/66 ,  H04L49/352

摘要： In one embodiment, a method for telecommunications includes steps of receiving a first packet through a first port, and determining whether the first packet arrived over a protected path. If the first packet arrived over a protected path, the method also includes the steps of hashing a source address of the first packet, adding a first entry into a forwarding table, and adding a second entry into the forwarding table. The protected path is coupled to at least the first port and a second port. The first entry includes the result of hashing the packet, and an identification of the first port. The second entry includes the result of hashing the packet, and an identification of the second port.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，一种用于电信的方法包括以下步骤：通过第一端口接收第一分组，以及确定第一分组是否通过受保护的路径到达。 如果第一分组通过受保护的路径到达，则该方法还包括以下步骤：对第一分组的源地址进行散列，将第一条目添加到转发表中，并将第二条目添加到转发表中。 受保护的路径至少耦合到第一端口和第二端口。 第一个条目包括散列数据包的结果和第一个端口的标识。 第二个条目包括散列数据包的结果和第二个端口的标识。

公开(公告)号：US09485107B2

公开(公告)日：2016-11-01

申请号：US13301336

申请日：2011-11-21

申请人： Bijendra Singh ,  Albert Vinson Smith, Jr. ,  Calvin Wan ,  Abirami Sathyamoorthy

发明人： Bijendra Singh ,  Albert Vinson Smith, Jr. ,  Calvin Wan ,  Abirami Sathyamoorthy

IPC分类号： H04L12/18

CPC分类号： H04L12/185

摘要： A method may include receiving, at a network interface of a first network element, an Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) message from a second network element. The method may also include updating first multicast group data associated with the network interface based on the received IGMP message, the first multicast group data including one or more entries setting forth a multicast group and one or more other network elements which are members of the multicast group. The method may additionally include determining whether the second network element is the sole member of its multicast group based on the IGMP message and the first multicast group data. The method may further include forwarding the IGMP message to a switching element of the first network element in response to determining that the second network element is the sole member of its multicast group, the switching element communicatively coupled to the network interface.

摘要翻译： 一种方法可以包括在第一网络元件的网络接口处接收来自第二网络元件的因特网组管理协议（IGMP）消息。 该方法还可以包括基于所接收的IGMP消息来更新与网络接口相关联的第一多播组数据，所述第一多播组数据包括提出多播组的一个或多个条目和作为多播的成员的一个或多个其他网络元件 组。 该方法可以另外包括基于IGMP消息和第一多播组数据来确定第二网络单元是否是其多播组的唯一成员。 所述方法还可以包括：响应于确定所述第二网络单元是其多播组的唯一成员，所述交换单元通信地耦合到所述网络接口，将所述IGMP消息转发到所述第一网络元件的交换单元。

公开(公告)号：US08824338B2

公开(公告)日：2014-09-02

申请号：US13426992

申请日：2012-03-22

申请人： Bijendra Singh ,  Maitreya Mukhopadhyay ,  D. Michael Colven ,  Albert Smith

发明人： Bijendra Singh ,  Maitreya Mukhopadhyay ,  D. Michael Colven ,  Albert Smith

IPC分类号： H04L12/28

CPC分类号： H04L45/48 ,  H04L45/18

摘要： A network element coupled to a communication network is described. The network element includes multiple switching units. The switching units may be configured to independently implement a Spanning Tree Protocol (xSTP) processing in a completely distributed manner including each of the switching units independently calculating an external spanning tree for the network element in the communication network. The network element may act as a single bridge to other network elements in a bridging domain of the communication network.

摘要翻译： 描述耦合到通信网络的网络元件。 网元包括多个交换单元。 交换单元可以被配置为以完全分布的方式独立地实现生成树协议（xSTP）处理，包括每个交换单元独立计算通信网络中的网元的外部生成树。 网络元件可以充当通信网络的桥接域中的其他网络元件的单个桥接器。

公开(公告)号：US20130070645A1

公开(公告)日：2013-03-21

申请号：US13236285

申请日：2011-09-19

申请人： Bijendra Singh ,  Melvin Tan ,  Andrew Mao ,  Ashok K. Naik

发明人： Bijendra Singh ,  Melvin Tan ,  Andrew Mao ,  Ashok K. Naik

IPC分类号： H04L12/28

CPC分类号： H04L49/351 ,  H04L49/201 ,  H04L49/3009

摘要： Methods and systems for improved address table flushing in distributed switching systems may be provided. In accordance with embodiments of the disclosure, a switch may include a plurality of line cards and a processor. Each line card may including a table of addresses. The processor may be configured to, in response to receipt of a plurality of simultaneous requests, each request a request to flush addresses associated with a particular flooding domain present on the switch, perform flushing of addresses based on an aggregate number of address entries for each particular flooding domain associated with the requests.

摘要翻译： 可以提供用于改进分布式交换系统中的地址表冲洗的方法和系统。 根据本公开的实施例，开关可以包括多个线路卡和处理器。 每个线卡可以包括地址表。 处理器可以被配置为响应于接收到多个同时请求，每个请求刷新与交换机上存在的特定洪泛域相关联的地址的请求，基于每个地址条目的总数来执行地址的刷新 与请求相关联的特定洪泛域。

公开(公告)号：US20220316692A1

公开(公告)日：2022-10-06

申请号：US17848140

申请日：2022-06-23

申请人： Praveen Kashyap Ananta Bhat ,  Bijendra Singh ,  Navneet Kumar Singh

发明人： Praveen Kashyap Ananta Bhat ,  Bijendra Singh ,  Navneet Kumar Singh

IPC分类号： F21V29/60 ,  G06F1/16 ,  G06F1/20 ,  G06F3/02

摘要： Cooling systems and apparatus for electronic devices and related methods are disclosed. An example electronic device includes a housing including a cover; a keyboard carried by the housing, the keyboard including keycaps, at least a portion of the keycaps protruding relative to the cover, a first gap between a first one of the keycaps and the cover; a backlight carried by the housing, the backlight including a first opening; and a fan carried by the housing, the first opening defining an airflow path in the housing between the fan and the first gap.

公开(公告)号：US08659994B2

公开(公告)日：2014-02-25

申请号：US12905199

申请日：2010-10-15

申请人： Bijendra Singh ,  Calvin Wan ,  Arindam Paul ,  Swati Mittal

发明人： Bijendra Singh ,  Calvin Wan ,  Arindam Paul ,  Swati Mittal

IPC分类号： H04J3/14 ,  H04L12/26 ,  H04L12/56 ,  H04J14/00 ,  G06F11/00 ,  G06F15/173

CPC分类号： H04L45/245 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/48 ,  Y02D50/30

摘要： In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, a method is provided for communicating multicast traffic. The method may include in response to receipt of multicast control traffic at a network element to be communicated to a protection switching group, communicating the multicast control traffic to each of a working path and a protection path of the protection switching group. The method may also include in response to receipt of multicast control traffic via either of the working path and the protection path, processing the multicast control traffic as if the multicast control traffic was received via both the working path and the protection path.

摘要翻译： 根据本公开的实施例，提供了一种用于传送多播业务的方法。 该方法可以响应于在要传送到保护交换组的网络单元处的接收到组播控制业务，将组播控制业务传送到保护交换组的工作路径和保护路径中的每一个。 该方法还可以包括响应于通过工作路径和保护路径之一接收到组播控制业务，如同通过工作路径和保护路径接收到组播控制业务一样处理组播控制业务。

公开(公告)号：US08630288B2

公开(公告)日：2014-01-14

申请号：US12781531

申请日：2010-05-17

申请人： Bijendra Singh ,  Arun Saha ,  Mandar Joshi ,  Abinder S. Dhillon

发明人： Bijendra Singh ,  Arun Saha ,  Mandar Joshi ,  Abinder S. Dhillon

IPC分类号： H04L12/28

CPC分类号： H04L12/4625

摘要： A switch includes a processor coupled to a memory, one or more forwarding tables residing within the memory, and one or more ports. The ports are associated with a plurality of virtual local area networks and a plurality of bridge domains. Each of the bridge domains is associated with one of the forwarding tables, and each of the forwarding tables is associated with one of the bridge domains. The processor is configured to assign a first tag to a received packet, assign a second tag to the received packet, look up the destination address of the received packet in one of the forwarding tables, and selectively flood the ports of the active bridge domain with a copy of the received packet. The active bridge domain includes one of the plurality of bridge domains. The active bridge domain is associated with the ingress port of the received packet.

摘要翻译： 交换机包括耦合到存储器的处理器，驻留在存储器内的一个或多个转发表以及一个或多个端口。 端口与多个虚拟局域网和多个桥域相关联。 每个桥接域与转发表中的一个相关联，并且每个转发表与一个桥接域相关联。 处理器被配置为向接收到的分组分配第一标签，向接收到的分组分配第二标签，在转发表之一中查找接收到的分组的目的地址，并选择性地将活动网桥域的端口泛洪， 接收到的数据包的副本。 有源桥接域包括多个桥接域中的一个。 活动网桥域与接收到的数据包的入口端口相关联。

公开(公告)号：US20120320930A1

公开(公告)日：2012-12-20

申请号：US13160283

申请日：2011-06-14

申请人： Bijendra Singh ,  Arun Saha ,  Arindam Paul

发明人： Bijendra Singh ,  Arun Saha ,  Arindam Paul

IPC分类号： H04L12/56

CPC分类号： H04L49/351 ,  H04L49/3009

摘要： In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, a switch may include a processor and a plurality of line cards, each line card including a table of addresses. The processor may be configured to: (i) read, from a first line card of the plurality of line cards, addresses relating to all flooding domains present on the first line card; (ii) store the addresses read from the first line card on a memory accessible to the processor; (iii) determine a second line card of the plurality of line cards, the second line card having the presence of at least one flooding domain not present on the first line card; (iv) read, from the second line card, addresses relating to all flooding domains present on the second line card; and (v) store the addresses read from the second line card on the memory.

摘要翻译： 根据本公开的实施例，开关可以包括处理器和多个线卡，每个线卡包括地址表。 处理器可以被配置为：（i）从多个线路卡的第一线路卡读取与存在于第一线路卡上的所有洪泛域有关的地址; （ii）将从第一线卡读取的地址存储在处理器可访问的存储器上; （iii）确定所述多个线路卡的第二线路卡，所述第二线路卡具有不存在于所述第一线路卡上的至少一个洪泛域; （iv）从第二线卡读取与存在于第二线卡上的所有洪泛域有关的地址; 和（v）将从第二线卡读取的地址存储在存储器上。