公开(公告)号：US20210041295A1

公开(公告)日：2021-02-11

申请号：US16536265

申请日：2019-08-08

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Sireesha Ramisetti ,  Chia-Chi Chen ,  Vusthla Sunil Reddy ,  Peter M. Agboh ,  Vijendrakumar K. Ashiwal

IPC: G01J3/433 ,  G01N21/3581

Abstract: Embodiments of a terahertz (THz) sensor module are disclosed for spectroscopy and imaging in a dynamic environment. In an embodiment, a terahertz (THz) sensor module comprises: a THz emitter configured to emit a THz beam into an environment; one or more movable micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) micromirrors; and one or more MEMS motors or actuators coupled to the one or more MEMS micromirrors. The one or more MEMS motors or actuators are configured to move the one or more MEMS micromirrors to change a direction of the THz beam in the environment. A THz receiver is configured to receive a reflection of the THz beam from a reflective object in the environment.

公开(公告)号：US20210041293A1

公开(公告)日：2021-02-11

申请号：US16536245

申请日：2019-08-08

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Sireesha Ramisetti ,  Chia-Chi Chen ,  Vijendrakumar K. Ashiwal ,  Peter M. Agboh ,  Vusthla Sunil Reddy

IPC: G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/3581

Abstract: Embodiments are disclosed for terahertz spectroscopy and imaging in dynamic environments. In an embodiment, a method comprises emitting a continuous electromagnetic (EM) wave in a terahertz (THz) frequency band into a dynamic environment. The EM THz wave is reflected off an object in the environment. A spectral response of a received signal indicative of the reflected EM wave is determined that includes absorption spectra at a frequency in the THz frequency band. The absorption spectra is indicative of a transmission medium in the environment. The spectral response of the received signal is compensated for fixed and frequency-specific losses. The compensated absorption spectra is compared with known absorption spectra of target transmission mediums. Based on results of the comparing, a particular target transmission medium is identified as being the transmission medium in the environment. The absorption spectra loss is used to determine a concentration level of the target transmission medium.

公开(公告)号：US11555792B2

公开(公告)日：2023-01-17

申请号：US16536266

申请日：2019-08-08

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Vijendrakumar K. Ashiwal ,  Sireesha Ramisetti ,  Chia-Chi Chen ,  Vusthla Sunil Reddy ,  Peter M. Agboh

IPC: G01N22/00 ,  G01N33/00 ,  G01S13/88

Abstract: Embodiments are disclosed for terahertz spectroscopy and imaging in dynamic environments. In an embodiment, a method comprises using a sensor of an electronic device to determine an orientation of the electronic device. A transmitter of the electronic device emits an electromagnetic (EM) wave in a terahertz (THz) frequency band into a dynamic environment according to a power duty cycle that is determined at least in part by the orientation. A receiver of the electronic device receives a reflected EM wave from the environment. A spectral response of the reflected EM wave is determined that includes absorption spectra that is indicative of the transmission medium in the environment. The absorption spectra are compared with known absorption spectra of target transmission mediums. Based on the comparing, a particular target transmission medium is identified as being the transmission medium in the environment, and a concentration level of the identified target transmission medium in the environment is determined.

公开(公告)号：US11513004B2

公开(公告)日：2022-11-29

申请号：US16536233

申请日：2019-08-08

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Chia-Chi Chen ,  Vusthla Sunil Reddy ,  Sireesha Ramisetti ,  Peter M. Agboh ,  Mohit Narang ,  Vijendrakumar K. Ashiwal

IPC: G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/3581

Abstract: Embodiments are disclosed for terahertz spectroscopy and imaging in dynamic environments. In an embodiment, a transmitter of an electronic device emits a continuous electromagnetic (EM) wave in the terahertz (THz) frequency band into a dynamic environment that includes a transmission medium that changes over time. A receiver of the electronic device, receives an EM wave reflected off an object in the environment and determines a spectral response of the reflected EM wave. The spectral response includes absorption spectra at a frequency in the THz frequency band that is indicative of a known target transmission medium. The absorption spectra of the target transmission medium and a path length of the reflected EM wave signal are used to obtain the concentration level of the target transmission medium from a reference library of known concentration levels.

公开(公告)号：US20210041292A1

公开(公告)日：2021-02-11

申请号：US16536233

申请日：2019-08-08

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Chia-Chi Chen ,  Vusthla Sunil Reddy ,  Sireesha Ramisetti ,  Peter M. Agboh ,  Mohit Narang ,  Vijendrakumar K. Ashiwal

IPC: G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/3581

Abstract: Embodiments are disclosed for terahertz spectroscopy and imaging in dynamic environments. In an embodiment, a transmitter of an electronic device emits a continuous electromagnetic (EM) wave in the terahertz (THz) frequency band into a dynamic environment that includes a transmission medium that changes over time. A receiver of the electronic device, receives an EM wave reflected off an object in the environment and determines a spectral response of the reflected EM wave. The spectral response includes absorption spectra at a frequency in the THz frequency band that is indicative of a known target transmission medium. The absorption spectra of the target transmission medium and a path length of the reflected EM wave signal are used to obtain the concentration level of the target transmission medium from a reference library of known concentration levels.

公开(公告)号：US11099072B2

公开(公告)日：2021-08-24

申请号：US16536245

申请日：2019-08-08

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Sireesha Ramisetti ,  Chia-Chi Chen ,  Vijendrakumar K. Ashiwal ,  Peter M. Agboh ,  Vusthla Sunil Reddy

IPC: G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/3581

Abstract: Embodiments are disclosed for terahertz spectroscopy and imaging in dynamic environments. In an embodiment, a method comprises emitting a continuous electromagnetic (EM) wave in a terahertz (THz) frequency band into a dynamic environment. The EM THz wave is reflected off an object in the environment. A spectral response of a received signal indicative of the reflected EM wave is determined that includes absorption spectra at a frequency in the THz frequency band. The absorption spectra is indicative of a transmission medium in the environment. The spectral response of the received signal is compensated for fixed and frequency-specific losses. The compensated absorption spectra is compared with known absorption spectra of target transmission mediums. Based on results of the comparing, a particular target transmission medium is identified as being the transmission medium in the environment. The absorption spectra loss is used to determine a concentration level of the target transmission medium.

公开(公告)号：US20210041376A1

公开(公告)日：2021-02-11

申请号：US16536266

申请日：2019-08-08

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Vijendrakumar K. Ashiwal ,  Sireesha Ramisetti ,  Chia-Chi Chen ,  Vusthla Sunil Reddy ,  Peter M. Agboh

IPC: G01N22/00

Abstract: Embodiments are disclosed for terahertz spectroscopy and imaging in dynamic environments. In an embodiment, a method comprises using a sensor of an electronic device to determine an orientation of the electronic device. A transmitter of the electronic device emits an electromagnetic (EM) wave in a terahertz (THz) frequency band into a dynamic environment according to a power duty cycle that is determined at least in part by the orientation. A receiver of the electronic device receives a reflected EM wave from the environment. A spectral response of the reflected EM wave is determined that includes absorption spectra that is indicative of the transmission medium in the environment. The absorption spectra are compared with known absorption spectra of target transmission mediums. Based on the comparing, a particular target transmission medium is identified as being the transmission medium in the environment, and a concentration level of the identified target transmission medium in the environment is determined.