公开(公告)号：US3778107A

公开(公告)日：1973-12-11

申请号：US3778107D

申请日：1972-01-03

Applicant: AMERON INC

Inventor： HASPERT J

IPC: E21D9/11 ,  E21D9/13 ,  E01G3/04

CPC classification number: E21D9/112 ,  E21D9/13

Abstract: A remote-controlled tunnel boring machine for drilling a substantially horizontal tunnel in a formation includes a rotary drilling head at the heading of the tunnel, and a rotary drill pipe coupled to the drilling head and extending back to the portal of the tunnel for connection to drive means for rotating the drill pipe. The drilling head has fore and aft sections which are movable longitudinally relative to each other, the aft section being coupled with a series of interconnected tunnel liner sections jacked into place behind it from the portal as the drilling head advances through the tunnel. Hydraulic rams between the fore and aft sections periodically advance the drilling head to excavate material at the heading of the tunnel, the weight of the aft section and the tunnel liners acting as a thrust base or back-up for the extension of the rams. A second set of hydraulic rams at the portal periodically force new tunnel liner sections into place behind the string of tunnel liners. Cuttings are continuously removed from the tunnel heading by drilling fluid circulated in a closed system which includes an elongated conduit extending from the portal to the drilling head to continuously supply drilling fluid to the tunnel heading. The cuttings and drilling fluid are continuously returned from the tunnel heading to the portal area through the interior of the constantly rotating drill pipe. A ring-shaped inflatable balloon between the fore and aft sections of the drilling head forms a fluid-tight seal between the inner wall of the tunnel and the exterior of the drilling head to provide controlled hydrostatic fluid pressure at the tunnel heading.

Abstract translation: 用于在地层中钻出基本上水平的隧道的远程控制的隧道掘进机包括在隧道的前端处的旋转钻头，以及联接到钻头的旋转钻杆并延伸回隧道的入口以连接到 用于旋转钻杆的驱动装置。 钻头具有可相对于彼此纵向移动的前部和后部部分，当钻头前进穿过隧道时，后部部分与一系列相互连接的隧道衬套部分与入口相邻地插入其中。 前后部分之间的液压柱塞周期性地推进钻头在隧道的前端挖掘材料，后部的重量和作为推力基座的隧道衬套或用于延伸公柱的后备。 入口处的第二组液压柱塞周期性地将新的隧道衬管段施加在隧道衬套的后面。 通过在封闭系统中循环的钻井液连续地从隧道掘进切割，其包括从入口延伸到钻头的细长导管，以将钻井流体连续地供应到隧道入口。 切屑和钻井液通过不断旋转的钻杆的内部从隧道连续返回到入口区域。 在钻头的前部和后部之间的环形可充气气囊在隧道的内壁和钻头的外部之间形成流体密封的密封，以在隧道前进处提供受控的静水压力流体压力。