摘要:
An image forming apparatus is provided that includes: an image bearer; a charger; an irradiator; a developing device containing a toner; and a transfer device. The image bearer has a Martens hardness of from 185 to 250 N/m2. The toner satisfies a relation 0.13≤X/Dn≤0.16, where X [μm] represents an average value of an amount of deformation of the toner by micro-indentation at when a load reaches 3.00×10−4 N at a loading rate of 3.0×10−5 N/sec under an environment of 32 degrees C. and 40% RH, and Dn [μm] represents a number average particle diameter of the toner. The toner contains an external additive comprising silica particles and particles composed mainly of strontium titanate. The particles composed mainly of strontium titanate further contain a third element M selected from the group consisting of La, Mg, Ca, Sn, and Si.
摘要:
A toner including toner base particles each including a binder resin and a colorant, and external additive, wherein the toner satisfies conditions (a), (b), and (c) below: (a) storage elastic modulus G′(50) of the toner at 50° C. and storage elastic modulus G′(90) of the toner at 90° C. satisfy Formula (1); G′(50)/G′(90)≥6.0×102 Formula (1) (b) a BET specific surface area Bt(m2/g) of the toner and a coverage Ct (%) of the toner base particles covered with the external additive satisfy Formula (2); and Bt−0.03×Ct≤1.60 Formula (2) (c) the external additive includes at least cohered particles, the cohered particles are non-spherical secondary particles each formed through cohesion of primary particles, and a number average secondary particle diameter of the cohered particles is 130 nm or greater.
摘要:
A toner includes a base particle; and an external additive covering the base particle. The toner includes a tetrahydrofuran (THF)-insoluble component having a glass transition temperature determined from a DSC curve when heated for the second time of from −50° C. to 10° C. and an average circularity not greater than 0.98, and satisfies the following relation: Bt−0.025×Ct≦1.80 wherein Bt represents a BET specific surface area [m2/g]; and Ct represents a coverage [%] of the external additive covering the base particle.
摘要:
A toner includes a base particle comprising a crystalline polyester resin; and an external additive which is a group of silica particles having a number-average particle diameter of from 0.01 μm to 0.11 μm on the surface of the toner. A number ratio of the silica particles having a circularity not less than 0.8 is 20% or more in the total number of the silica particles.
摘要:
A toner set, including: a transparent toner including a binder resin a, a releasing agent a and no colorant; and one or more color toners, each including a binder resin b, a colorant b and a releasing agent b, wherein the binder resin a includes a non-crystalline resin α and a crystalline resin α, the binder resin b includes a non-crystalline resin β and a crystalline resin β, the releasing agent a has an average particle diameter as a long diameter of 0.2 μm to 2.0 μm, and there is a relationship of 1
摘要:
A toner, containing: toner base particles; and an external additive, the toner base particles each including a binder resin and a releasing agent, wherein the external additive includes non-spherical coalesced particles in each of which primary particles are coalesced together, and wherein the coalesced particles satisfy the following formula (1): Nx/1,000×100≦30% where Nx is a number of the primary particles present alone relative to 1,000 of the coalesced particles, as observed under a scanning electron microscope after stirring 0.5 g of the coalesced particles and 49.5 g of a carrier placed in a 50 mL bottle for 10 minutes by means of a mixing and stirring device at 67 Hz.
摘要:
Provided is an electrostatic charge image developing toner, including: toner base particles including a polyester resin as a binder resin; and an external additive on the surface of the toner base particles. The external additive includes silica. The silica is produced by sol-gel method, and is aspherical. The percentage of change in the specific surface area of the toner when it is stored under high-temperature, high-humidity conditions is from 25% to 45%.
摘要:
A developing device, including: a developer bearing member, which is disposed opposite to an electrostatic latent image bearing member and which bears thereon a developer for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on the electrostatic latent image bearing member and conveys the developer to a developing region, wherein the developer includes a toner and a carrier, the toner containing: a toner base containing a binder resin and a colorant; and an external additive, wherein the external additive contains coalescent particles each made up of a plurality of coalescing primary particles, and wherein a work function Wc of the carrier and a work function Ws of the developer bearing member satisfy a relationship of the following formula (1): Ws−Wc≧0.4 eV (1)
摘要:
A toner set, including: a transparent toner including a binder resin a, a releasing agent a and no colorant; and one or more color toners, each including a binder resin b, a colorant b and a releasing agent b, wherein the binder resin a includes a non-crystalline resin α and a crystalline resin α, the binder resin b includes a non-crystalline resin β and a crystalline resin β, the releasing agent a has an average particle diameter as a long diameter of 0.2 μm to 2.0 μm, and there is a relationship of 1
摘要:
An image forming method including charging an image bearing member by applying combination of DC voltage and AC voltage with frequency of 6.5 to 8.5 cycle/mm; irradiating the image bearing member with light to form an electrostatic image; developing the electrostatic image with a developer including toner to form a toner image; transferring the toner image onto a receiving material; fixing the toner image; cleaning the image bearing member with a blade; then applying a lubricant to the image bearing member; and then spreading the lubricant with a spreading member countering the image bearing member. The toner includes toner particles granulated in an aqueous medium; and at least three kinds of external additives including a first particulate hydrophobic silica, a particulate hydrophobic titanium oxide and a second particulate hydrophobic silica respectively having BET specific surface areas of 20 to 40 m2/g, 40 to 80 m2/g, and 130 to 300 m2/g.