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公开(公告)号：US08176110B2
公开(公告)日：2012-05-08
申请号：US12256295
申请日：2008-10-22
摘要： Modular multiplication of two elements X(t) and Y(t), over GF(2), where m is a field degree, may utilize field degree to determine, at least in part, the number of iterations. An extra shift operation may be employed when the number of iterations is reduced. Modular multiplication of two elements X(t) and Y(t), over GF(2), may include a shared reduction circuit utilized during multiplication and reduction. In addition, a modular multiplication of binary polynomials X(t) and Y(t), over GF(2), may utilize the Karatsuba algorithm, e.g., by recursively splitting up a multiplication into smaller operands determined according to the Karatsuba algorithm.
摘要翻译： 在GF（2）上的两个元素X（t）和Y（t）的模数乘法，其中m是场度，可以利用场度至少部分地确定迭代次数。 当迭代次数减少时，可以采用额外的移位操作。 在GF（2）上的两个元件X（t）和Y（t）的模块化乘法可以包括在乘法和还原期间使用的共享减少电路。 此外，在GF（2）上的二进制多项式X（t）和Y（t）的模乘可以利用Karatsuba算法，例如通过将乘法递归地分解成根据Karatsuba算法确定的较小操作数。
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公开(公告)号：US20090191834A1
公开(公告)日：2009-07-30
申请号：US12339668
申请日：2008-12-19
IPC分类号： H04B15/00
CPC分类号： H03G3/3036 , G01R31/2841
摘要： An enhanced programmable automatic level control loop comprising an input for receiving an input RF signal; a level modulator, wherein the level modulator receives the input RF signal and a control signal and wherein the level modulator produces a first signal; a mixer that receives the first signal and mixes it with an LO signal to produce a second signal; a programmable attenuator that receives the second signal and produces an output signal; a level detector that monitors RF power of the output signal and produces a DC voltage proportional to the RF power; and wherein the DC voltage is received at a loop amplifier which produces the control signal.
摘要翻译： 一种增强的可编程自动电平控制回路，包括用于接收输入RF信号的输入; 电平调制器，其中电平调制器接收输入RF信号和控制信号，并且其中电平调制器产生第一信号; 混合器，其接收第一信号并将其与LO信号混合以产生第二信号; 可编程衰减器，其接收第二信号并产生输出信号; 电平检测器，其监测输出信号的RF功率并产生与RF功率成比例的DC电压; 并且其中在产生所述控制信号的环路放大器处接收所述DC电压。
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3.发明申请HAND-HELD MICROWAVE SPECTRUM ANALYZER WITH OPERATION RANGE FROM 9 KHz TO OVER 20 GHz 有权手持式微波分析仪，操作范围从9 KHz到20 GHz公开(公告)号：US20090160430A1
公开(公告)日：2009-06-25
申请号：US12341758
申请日：2008-12-22
申请人： Russell A. Brown , Cindy Robinson
发明人： Russell A. Brown , Cindy Robinson
CPC分类号： G01R23/16 , H01P1/2135 , H03H7/463
摘要： A spectrum analyzer is provided that includes components to achieve from below 9 kHz to above 20 GHz operation range while remaining hand-held. Components of the spectrum analyzer include an integrated precision stand-alone step attenuator that does not rely on printed circuit board (PCB) mounted circuit elements within the signal path. Further, a PIN diplexing switch separates signals into different base-band and highband paths. The baseband path includes a pre-amplifier for low frequency signals, while the higher frequency bands may not necessarily include a pre-amplifier. The baseband path further provides improved broadband termination of its 1st mixer IF port by incorporating a new quadrature-coupled directional (QCD) filter that includes a ring resonator. An inexpensive air dielectric multi-cavity baseband filter is also used to suppress 2nd mixer IF images. The highband path incorporates multi-throw MMIC PIN diode switches to selectively filter different bands of input signals. At least three total 1st mixers are used to increase operation bandwidth. A phase locked loop providing a 1st LO to the 1st mixers is created that uses a divide-by-two frequency divider in cascade with a sampler-type frequency downconverter. The output of the 1st LO is frequency doubled and filtered to increase the frequency range of the highband signal path.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种频谱分析仪，其中包括从低于9 kHz到20 GHz以上工作范围内实现的组件，同时保持手持式。 频谱分析仪的组件包括集成精密独立步进衰减器，其不依赖于在信号路径内安装的印刷电路板（PCB）的电路元件。 此外，PIN双工切换将信号分离成不同的基带和高带路径。 基带路径包括用于低频信号的前置放大器，而较高频带可能不一定包括前置放大器。 基带通道还通过并入包括环形谐振器的新的正交耦合方向（QCD）滤波器，进一步提供其第一混频器IF端口的改进的宽带终端。 廉价的空气介质多腔基带滤波器也用于抑制第二混频器IF图像。 高频路径集成了多掷MMIC PIN二极管开关，以选择性地滤除不同频带的输入信号。 使用至少三个总共第一混频器来增加操作带宽。 创建了向第一混频器提供第一LO的锁相环，其使用与采样器型频率下变频器级联的二分频分频器。 第一LO的输出频率加倍并滤波，以增加高频信号路径的频率范围。
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公开(公告)号：US07461115B2
公开(公告)日：2008-12-02
申请号：US10387009
申请日：2003-03-11
摘要： Modular multiplication of two elements X(t) and Y(t), over GF(2), where m is a field degree, may utilize field degree to determine, at least in part, the number of iterations. An extra shift operation may be employed when the number of iterations is reduced. Modular multiplication of two elements X(t) and Y(t), over GF(2), may include a shared reduction circuit utilized during multiplication and reduction. In addition, a modular multiplication of binary polynomials X(t) and Y(t), over GF(2), may utilize the Karatsuba algorithm, e.g., by recursively splitting up a multiplication into smaller operands determined according to the Karatsuba algorithm.
摘要翻译： 在GF（2）上的两个元素X（t）和Y（t）的模数乘法，其中m是场度，可以利用场度至少部分地确定迭代次数。 当迭代次数减少时，可以采用额外的移位操作。 在GF（2）上的两个元件X（t）和Y（t）的模块化乘法可以包括在乘法和还原期间使用的共享减少电路。 此外，在GF（2）上的二进制多项式X（t）和Y（t）的模乘可以利用Karatsuba算法，例如通过将乘法递归地分解成根据Karatsuba算法确定的较小操作数。
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公开(公告)号：US06687410B1
公开(公告)日：2004-02-03
申请号：US09499262
申请日：2000-02-07
申请人： Russell A. Brown
发明人： Russell A. Brown
IPC分类号： G06K936
CPC分类号： G06T9/00
摘要： The present invention is a compression scheme for compressing audio and video data. An image is divided into blocks of pixels. In one test, if all of the pixels are approximately equal to the corresponding pixels in the previous block, then no data is sent for that block. In a second test, if all of the pixels in a block are approximately equal to a mean pixel value, then only one color value is transmitted. In a third test, if quantization of the pixels via companding results in an acceptable representation, the quantization is performed. The present invention uses quantization codes that are proportional to the logarithm of the magnitude of the range quantized, computation of a magnitude byte that permits rapid discovery of the number of bits used for quantization of a block, recursive packing and unpacking of quantized pixel data, and two-dimensional paths through the block.
摘要翻译： 本发明是用于压缩音频和视频数据的压缩方案。 图像被划分成像素块。 在一个测试中，如果所有像素大致等于前一个块中的相应像素，则不会为该块发送数据。 在第二测试中，如果块中的所有像素大约等于平均像素值，则仅传输一个颜色值。 在第三测试中，如果通过压扩的像素量化导致可接受的表示，则执行量化。 本发明使用与量化的范围的大小的对数成比例的量化代码，允许快速发现用于块的量化的位数的快速发现的计算，递归打包和量化像素数据的解包的量化代码， 和通过块的二维路径。
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公开(公告)号：US06226007B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-01
申请号：US09316335
申请日：1999-05-21
申请人： Russell A. Brown
发明人： Russell A. Brown
IPC分类号： G06T1560
CPC分类号： G06T15/506
摘要： A method and apparatus for modeling the specular reflection of light from an object is disclosed. In accordance with one embodiment of the method, a portion of the object is modeled by one or more surfaces each having at least one vertex and an edge point corresponding to an edge. A sine value associated with a highlight angle is determined at each vertex and edge point, and a control value is determined at each vertex and edge point using the sine values. A specular input component at each point on the surface is determined using the control values. The specular input component is utilized to determine the specular light component at that particular point. Embodiments of apparatus implementing the method are also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于对来自物体的光的镜面反射进行建模的方法和装置。 根据该方法的一个实施例，对象的一部分由一个或多个表面建模，每个表面具有至少一个顶点和与边缘对应的边缘点。 在每个顶点和边缘点处确定与高光角度相关联的正弦值，并且使用正弦值在每个顶点和边缘点处确定控制值。 使用控制值确定表面上每个点处的镜面输入分量。 镜面输入分量用于确定该特定点的镜面光分量。 还公开了实现该方法的装置的实施例。
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公开(公告)号：US3604388A
公开(公告)日：1971-09-14
申请号：US3604388D
申请日：1969-09-17
申请人： RUSSELL A BROWN , BROWN PAUL W
发明人： BROWN RUSSELL A , BROWN PAUL W
CPC分类号： B63B35/815
摘要： A towing device for towing water skis in which the ski or skis are removably clamped, the device being retained in place when the ski or skis are in a static condition, by pressure exerted by a pair of spring mechanisms, clamping the device to the ski or skis. Further clamping force is applied by pressure on the handle of the towing device when the skis are initially towed, the device being releasable when the pressure is released from the handle momentarily, for a sufficient length of time to permit the towing force applied to the towrope to overcome the pressure exerted by the spring mechanisms on the device and thereby allowing the towrope to strip the towing device off the end of the ski or skis. The device is made of buoyant material and floats on the surface of the water.
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公开(公告)号：US20090125514A1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-14
申请号：US11937315
申请日：2007-11-08
申请人： Russell A. Brown
发明人： Russell A. Brown
IPC分类号： G06F7/20
CPC分类号： G06F19/22
摘要： Sequence alignment techniques are disclosed. In one embodiment, a sparse data structure is constructed that represents respective character positions of matching character sets in input sequences. This sparse data structure may take a variety of forms, including a “tree of trees.” Once constructed, each match is linked to at most one other match using a local application of a predetermined algorithm (e.g., a Smith-Waterman-type scoring algorithm). The links between matches are analyzed and a possible alignment or set of alignments is produced.
摘要翻译： 公开了序列比对技术。 在一个实施例中，构造稀疏数据结构，其表示输入序列中匹配字符集的相应字符位置。 这种稀疏的数据结构可能采取各种形式，包括“树木”。 一旦被构造，使用预定算法（例如，史密斯 - 沃特曼型评分算法）的本地应用将每个匹配链接到至多一个其他匹配。 分析匹配之间的链接，并产生可能的对齐或一组对齐。
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公开(公告)号：US06545677B2
公开(公告)日：2003-04-08
申请号：US09845781
申请日：2001-04-30
申请人： Russell A. Brown
发明人： Russell A. Brown
IPC分类号： G06T1560
CPC分类号： G06T15/506
摘要： A method and apparatus for modeling the specular reflection of light from an object is disclosed. In accordance with one embodiment of the method, a portion of the object is modeled by one or more surfaces each having at least one vertex and an edge point corresponding to an edge. A sine value associated with a highlight angle is determined at each vertex and edge point, and a control value is determined at each vertex and edge point using the sine values. A specular input component at each point on the surface is determined using the control values. The specular input component is utilized to determine the specular light component at that particular point. Embodiments of apparatus implementing the method are also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于对来自物体的光的镜面反射进行建模的方法和装置。 根据该方法的一个实施例，对象的一部分由一个或多个表面建模，每个表面具有至少一个顶点和与边缘对应的边缘点。 在每个顶点和边缘点处确定与高光角度相关联的正弦值，并且使用正弦值在每个顶点和边缘点处确定控制值。 使用控制值确定表面上每个点处的镜面输入分量。 镜面输入分量用于确定该特定点的镜面光分量。 还公开了实现该方法的装置的实施例。
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公开(公告)号：US5381519A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-10
申请号：US895613
申请日：1992-06-09
申请人： Russell A. Brown , Gary S. Watkins
发明人： Russell A. Brown , Gary S. Watkins
CPC分类号： G06T15/80
摘要： Primitive data in the form of defined lines for a computer graphics display is processed as by interpolating triangles, as during scan conversion, and by treating lines as triangle edges. An offset point is selected, e.g. offset perpendicularly from the line midpoint a distance of one-half the line length to define a triangle vertex along with the line endpoints. The resulting triangle is interpolated for example as with barycentric coordinates. Accordingly, the line may be interpolated, e.g. shaded, as though it were an edge of the defined triangle. For lines, sample points are coerced to lie on the triangle edge.
摘要翻译： 以计算机图形显示的定义线的形式的原始数据通过内插三角形进行处理，如在扫描转换期间，并将线作为三角形边缘处理。 选择偏移点，例如 从线中心垂直偏移距离线长度的一半，以与线端点一起定义三角形顶点。 所得到的三角形例如与重心坐标内插。 因此，可以内插线。 阴影，好像它是定义的三角形的边缘。 对于线条，采样点被强制位于三角形边缘。
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