Regulating a fuel cell powered heating system
    1.
    发明授权
    Regulating a fuel cell powered heating system 失效
    调节燃料电池供电系统

    公开(公告)号:US06379826B1

    公开(公告)日:2002-04-30

    申请号:US09442526

    申请日:1999-11-18

    申请人: Robert A. Lacy

    发明人: Robert A. Lacy

    IPC分类号: H01M800

    摘要: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack, an inverter, a reformer and a circuit. The fuel cell stack is adapted to produce heat in response to a fuel flow, and the inverter is coupled to the fuel cell stack and is adapted to use electrical energy produced by the fuel cell stack to furnish electrical power that is received by a power grid. The reformer is adapted to produce the fuel flow, and the circuit is adapted to interact with the reformer to produce an approximate predetermined amount of heat. The circuit also determines cell voltages of the fuel cell stack, selects the minimum cell voltage, and interacts with the inverter to regulate the amount of the electrical power that is furnished by the inverter based on the selected voltage.

    摘要翻译: 燃料电池系统包括燃料电池堆,逆变器,重整器和电路。 燃料电池堆适于响应于燃料流而产生热量,并且逆变器耦合到燃料电池堆并且适于使用由燃料电池堆产生的电能来提供电力接收的电力 。 重整器适于产生燃料流,并且电路适于与重整器相互作用以产生大致预定量的热量。 电路还确定燃料电池堆的电池电压,选择最小电池电压,并与逆变器相互作用,以基于所选择的电压来调节由逆变器提供的电力的量。

    Residential load shedding
    2.
    发明授权
    Residential load shedding 失效
    住宅负荷下降

    公开(公告)号:US06510369B1

    公开(公告)日:2003-01-21

    申请号:US09379655

    申请日:1999-08-24

    申请人: Robert A. Lacy

    发明人: Robert A. Lacy

    IPC分类号: G05D1700

    摘要: A system includes a fuel cell subsystem, switches and a controller. The fuel cell subsystem is adapted to provide power that is capable of being consumed by residential loads, and the fuel cell subsystem is sized to provide power up to a first power threshold that is less than a maximum power threshold that is capable of being consumed by the residential loads. The controller is adapted to determine the power that is consumed by the residential loads and based on the determined power, operate the switches to selectively regulate electrical connections between the residential loads and the fuel cell subsystem to keep the power approximately below the first power threshold.

    摘要翻译: 一种系统包括燃料电池子系统,开关和控制器。 燃料电池子系统适于提供能够被住宅负载消耗的电力,并且燃料电池子系统的大小被确定为提供高达第一功率阈值的功率,该功率阈值小于能够被 住宅负荷。 控制器适于确定住宅负载消耗的功率并且基于所确定的功率,操作开关以选择性地调节住宅负载和燃料电池子系统之间的电连接,以使功率大致低于第一功率阈值。

    Fiber optic amplifier
    5.
    发明授权
    Fiber optic amplifier 失效
    光纤放大器

    公开(公告)号:US4553238A

    公开(公告)日:1985-11-12

    申请号:US537493

    申请日:1983-09-30

    摘要: A pair of small diameter optical fibers are arranged in a side-by-side configuration, the first fiber providing a passive guide for pump light, and the second fiber formed of a material, such as Nd:YAG which has amplifying properties at the signal frequency. The signal to be amplified propagates through the second fiber from the active material, resulting in amplification of the signal. The first fiber is pumped from one or both ends, utilizing a cone shaped rod which is optically coupled thereto. A large diameter beam of collimated pump light enters the cone shaped rod, where total internal reflections on the cone walls compress the beam to a small, fiber-size diameter for absorption by the active fiber. The light input to the cone-shaped rod is produced by plural, high power laser diodes, and is collimated by microlenses. By utilizing the cone-shaped rod to couple light from the high power diode lasers to the pump fiber, high pump power densities can be achieved, yielding increased amplification.

    摘要翻译: 一对小直径光纤配置成并排配置,第一光纤提供泵浦光的被动导向器,第二光纤由诸如Nd:YAG的材料形成,该材料在信号处具有放大特性 频率。 要被放大的信号通过第二光纤从活性材料传播,导致信号的放大。 第一纤维从一端或两端泵送,利用光学耦合到其上的锥形杆。 准直泵浦光的大直径光束进入锥形棒,锥形壁上的全部内部反射将光束压缩至较小的纤维尺寸直径,以被有源光纤吸收。 输入到锥形杆的光由多个高功率激光二极管产生,并被微透镜准直。 通过利用锥形杆将来自大功率二极管激光器的光耦合到泵浦光纤,可以实现高泵功率密度,产生增加的放大。

    Measuring cell voltages of a fuel cell stack
    7.
    发明授权
    Measuring cell voltages of a fuel cell stack 失效
    测量燃料电池堆的电池电压

    公开(公告)号:US06313750B1

    公开(公告)日:2001-11-06

    申请号:US09379088

    申请日:1999-08-23

    申请人: Robert A. Lacy

    发明人: Robert A. Lacy

    IPC分类号: G08B2100

    摘要: A system includes a divider network, a memory and a circuit. The divider network is adapted to be coupled to fuel cells of a fuel cell stack and provide pairs of signals. Each pair of signals is associated with a different fuel cell and indicates a terminal voltage of the associated cell and another voltage common to the pair of signals. The memory stores indications of different common mode gains, and each common mode gain indication is associated with a different one of the pairs of signals. The circuit is coupled to the memory and adapted to generate an indication of the terminal voltage from each pair based on the associated common mode gain indication.

    摘要翻译: 系统包括分频器网络,存储器和电路。 分配器网络适于耦合到燃料电池堆的燃料电池并提供成对的信号。 每对信号与不同的燃料电池相关联,并且指示相关电池的端电压和该对信号共同的另一电压。 存储器存储不同共模增益的指示,并且每个共模增益指示与信号对中的不同一对相关联。 电路耦合到存储器并且适于基于相关联的共模增益指示从每对产生端子电压的指示。