摘要:
The double crucible for a glass drawing method has a heatable outer crucible (1) and an inner crucible (2) surrounded by the outer crucible (1), which is heatable separately from the outer crucible (1). Both crucibles (1,2) have an outlet nozzle (1a, 2a) for the glass to be drawn. To make glass fibers from heavy metal oxide glass (HMO-glass) with higher quality and comparatively simple crucible features, the outlet nozzle (1a) of the outer crucible (1) extends a certain distance beyond the outlet nozzle (2a) of the inner crucible (2). Surfaces of the outlet nozzles coming in contact with the glass melt are polished and are provided on a material, which has a reducing action on heavy metal glass in the melt in all cases. These surfaces also have sufficient mechanical strength for and chemical inertness to heavy metal oxide glass.
摘要:
Zinc-containing optical glass materials with a refractive index nd between 1.52 and 1.66, an Abbe number νd of between 35 and 54 and a composition (in % by weight based on oxide) of: SiO2 38-58, ZnO 0.3-42, PbO 0-
摘要翻译:折射率nd在1.52和1.66之间的含锌光学玻璃材料,阿贝数nud在35和54之间,组成(以氧化物重量%计)为:SiO 2 38-58,ZnO 0.3-42,PbO 0〜30,ZnO + PbO 20-55,Li 2 O 0〜3,NA 2 O 0-14,K 2 O 12〜12,Li 2 O + Na 2 O + K 2 O 2 = F 0-3,MgO 0-6,CaO 0〜 <5,SrO 0-6,BaO 0- <0.9,B 2 O 3 0- <1,AL 2 O 3 0- <1.5和ZRO 2 0-,以及(如果合适的话)常规量的澄清剂。
摘要:
A transparent or translucent inorganic material, especially a glass-ceramic and/or composite material, is provided with a low average thermal longitudinal expansion coefficient, .alpha., of from -1.times.10.sup.-6 K.sup.-1 to +2.times.10.sup.-6 K.sup.-1 in the temperature range of -50.degree.-700.degree. C., with the following composition (in weight percent):Li.sub.2 O, 2.5-6.0; Na.sub.2 O, 0-4.0; K.sub.2 O, 0-4.0; Na.sub.2 O+K.sub.2 O, 0.2-4.0; MgO, 0-3.0; ZnO, 0-3.0; BaO, 0-3.5; CaO, 0-1.0; SrO, 0-1.0; Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 18-28; SiO.sub.2, 50-70; TiO.sub.2, 1.0-7.0; ZrO.sub.2, 0-3.5; TiO.sub.2 +ZrO.sub.2, 1.0-7.0; and P.sub.2 O.sub.5, 0-8.0,optionally with coloring components (in weight percent):V.sub.2 O.sub.5, 0-2.0; Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0-2.0; MnO, 0-2.0; Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0-2.0; CoO, 0-2.0; and NiO, 0-2.0,optionally, conventional refining agents, such as As.sub.2 O.sub.3, Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3, NaCl, and Ce.sub.2 O.sub.3, and optionally with high quartz (h-quartz) and/or keatite mixed crystals as the essential crystalline phase. The material exhibits a settable transmission and is suitable, in particular, for the production of plates, pipes, and molded articles, wherein the inorganic material has a water content of less than 0.03 mol/l.
摘要:
A process for shaping a body with elongate structures on its surface, bodies produced using the process, and to apparatuses having these bodies are provided. For this purpose, a preform is provided, at the surface, with structures which are elongate along one direction, the preform is heated at least in one region and the preform is drawn in the heated state until at least part of the preform has adopted a cross section which substantially corresponds to the desired cross-sectional shape or final cross-sectional shape. The preform is heated by means of radiation which has a spectral distribution which is such that at most half of the radiation power is absorbed during a single pass through the material.
摘要:
There is now provided a method and a device for the control and setting of the redox state of redox fining agents in a glass melt, in which method, during the melting process, essentially oxygen gas is blown through the glass melt.
摘要:
A process for the remelting of glass bars, including the steps of introducing a glass bar into an upper end of a receiving shell; providing a molten bath having a surface underneath the receiving-shell; positioning the receiving shell such that a lower edge of the receiving shell is located at the height of the surface or above it; heating a lower end of the glass bar to a temperature above a softening temperature of the glass, resulting in a melt-off process at the lower end of the glass bar to produce a melt stream; controlling the melt-off process such that the melt stream continuously enters the molten bath proximate the surface with avoidance of a constriction; and drawing off melt from the molten bath by means of an arrangement for drop generation.
摘要:
The invention relates to novel uses of glass ceramics, wherein glass ceramics, in particular, in the form of a glass ceramic tube, are used. Said glass ceramics contain 0—less than 4 wt % P205 and 0 less than 8 wt-% CaO. The tubes can be used in multiple areas of application and/or in multiple types of lamps, for example in general lighting or car lights and in heat radiators, such as halogen lamps or incandescent lamps, and/or in high pressure discharge lamps or low pressure discharge lamps. The glass ceramics, can also, in particular, be minimised in order to form known backlighting in conjunction with background lighting of flat screens. Said type of glass ceramics have excellent spectral transmission in the visible wave length rang and are solarisation stable and absorb strong UV light.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及玻璃陶瓷的新用途,其中使用玻璃陶瓷,特别是玻璃陶瓷管的形式。 所述玻璃陶瓷含有0重量%以下的P 2 O 5,0以上0重量%以下。 管可用于多种应用领域和/或多种类型的灯,例如在一般的照明或汽车灯和散热器(例如卤素灯或白炽灯)和/或高压放电灯或低 压力放电灯。 特别地,玻璃陶瓷也可以最小化,以便与平面屏幕的背景照明结合形成已知的背光。 所述类型的玻璃陶瓷在可见光波长范围内具有优异的光谱透射率,并且具有光谱稳定性并吸收强紫外光。
摘要:
Zinc-containing optical glass materials with a refractive index nd between 1.52 and 1.66, an Abbe number νd of between 35 and 54 and a composition (in % by weight based on oxide) of: SiO2 38–58, ZnO 0.3–42, PbO 0–
摘要翻译:具有介于1.52和1.66之间的折射率n D u>的含Zn的光学玻璃材料,35至54之间的阿贝数nu sub>以及组成(以重量%计 氧化物):SiO 2 38-58,ZnO 0.3-42,PbO 0- <30,ZnO + PbO 20-55,Li 2 O 0- 3 ,NA 2 O 0-14,K 2 O 0-12,Li 2 O + Na 2 O + K 2 O 2 = 2,F 0-3,MgO 0-6,CaO 0- <5,SrO 0-6,BaO 0- <0.9,B 2 SUB 3 O 3 - 0 - <1,AL 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2,如果合适,以常规金额提炼精炼剂。
摘要:
A method and device for nozzle-injection of gas into molten glass is disclosed wherein a gas stream is introduced into the molten glass in a temporally pulsed throughput such that the gas stream is interrupted between two sequential pulses, the duration of each pulse amounting to less than one second.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a device and method for transporting, homogenizing or conditioning of glass melts or glass ceramic melts and is distinguished in that the new formation of bubbles after refining is at least reduced. The new formation of bubbles on the surfaces of components that are in contact with the melt is at least reduced by means of a layer having iridium as a material.