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公开(公告)号：US20110235894A1
公开(公告)日：2011-09-29
申请号：US12732798
申请日：2010-03-26
申请人： Ronald L. Bookout , Michael P. Gleason , Matthew M. Thomas , Michael S. Dixon , Robert Pless , William D. Smart
发明人： Ronald L. Bookout , Michael P. Gleason , Matthew M. Thomas , Michael S. Dixon , Robert Pless , William D. Smart
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/00 , G06T7/0004 , G06T2207/30108
摘要： A method of detecting optical defects in a transparency may comprise the steps of providing a digital image of the transparency having a plurality of image pixels and detecting at least one candidate defect. The candidate defect may be detected by determining a grayscale intensity of each one of the image pixels and calculating an intensity gradient across adjacent pairs of the image pixels. Each image pixel may be assigned a gradient value comprising a maximum of the absolute value of the intensity gradients associated with the image pixel. A gradient image may be constructed comprising the gradient values assigned to corresponding ones of the image pixels. Image pixels may be identified as candidate pixels if such image pixels have a gradient value exceeding a gradient threshold. The candidate pixels may comprise the optical defect.
摘要翻译： 检测透明度中的光学缺陷的方法可以包括以下步骤：提供具有多个图像像素并且检测至少一个候选缺陷的透明体的数字图像。 可以通过确定每个图像像素的灰度强度并且计算相邻图像像素对之间的强度梯度来检测候选缺陷。 可以为每个图像像素分配包括与图像像素相关联的强度梯度的绝对值的最大值的梯度值。 可以构造梯度图像，其包括分配给对应的图像像素的梯度值。 如果这样的图像像素具有超过梯度阈值的梯度值，则图像像素可以被识别为候选像素。 候选像素可以包括光学缺陷。
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公开(公告)号：US4726275A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-23
申请号：US31400
申请日：1987-03-27
CPC分类号： G10H1/342 , G10H2210/225 , G10H2220/171 , G10H2220/521 , G10H2230/101 , G10H2230/115 , G10H2230/151
摘要： A guitar-like electronic musical instrument for use with a synthesizer has six pitch strings on the neck which the player depresses onto conductive frets to determine the selected semitone. A transducer senses if the player forces the string laterally on the fret and if the string is so laterally forced (bent) beyond a threshold, further pitch detection is inhibited. The fret construction can be much simplified and there is no danger of spurious notes being caused by contact with adjacent strings.
摘要翻译： 与合成器一起使用的吉他式电子乐器在颈部具有六个音调弦，玩家按压导电音，以确定所选择的半音。 传感器感测到玩家是否迫使弦在横梁上，并且如果琴弦被横向强制（弯曲）超过阈值，则抑制进一步的音高检测。 可以大大地简化结构，并且不会发生与相邻的线接触引起的伪音的危险。
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公开(公告)号：US4658690A
公开(公告)日：1987-04-21
申请号：US691486
申请日：1985-01-08
CPC分类号： G10H1/342 , G10H2210/225 , G10H2220/171 , G10H2220/521 , G10H2230/101 , G10H2230/115 , G10H2230/151 , Y10S84/30
摘要： A guitar-like electronic musical instrument for use with a synthesizer (18) has a body (20) and a neck (22). The neck carries six pitch strings (40) which the player depresses onto conductive frets to determine the selected note. The body carries six trigger strings (50) which can be plucked or strummed to initiate or trigger the desired notes. Alternatively they can be triggered by six keys (70). The trigger strings (50) and pitch strings (40) are at an angle to each other. The three lower strings and the three higher strings can be triggered together by group trigger keys (300,302) and all six strings triggered by a master trigger key (204). If either of switches (200,202) are actuated, notes will be triggered automatically as soon as the pitch string is depressed onto the fret. Touching of the string is detected by an a.c. waveform superposed on a d.c. potential. Hall effect devices are used to sense triggering by the trigger strings (50) or keys (70). Each fret has eleven conductive sections so that sideways bending can be detected, and bend detection coils are embedded in the finger board for the same purpose. A vibrato arm (210) using a Hall effect device can be used to introduce a vibrato effect. A console (32) enables resetting of the note of each string, storing various set values for each string, transposition of the instrument as a whole and a `Capo` effect to be obtained. A pedal unit (30) allows some functions to be selectively operated during playing, such as variation in the decay rate, or sustaining of notes played while a hold pedal is depressed.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / GB84 / 00158 Sec。 371日期1985年1月8日第 102（e）日期1985年1月8日PCT提交1984年5月9日PCT公布。 第WO84 / 04619号公报 1984年11月22日，与合成器（18）一起使用的吉它式电子乐器具有主体（20）和颈部（22）。 颈部承载六个音调弦（40），玩家按压导电音，以确定所选音符。 身体携带六个触发串（50），它们可以被拔出或弹起以启动或触发所需的音符。 或者，它们可以由六个键（70）触发。 触发串（50）和音调串（40）彼此成角度。 三个较低的字符串和三个较高的字符串可以由组触发键（300,302）和由主触发键（204）触发的所有六个字符串一起触发。 如果开关（200,202）中的任一个被启动，则一旦音调串被压在音响上，便自动触发音符。 感叹字符串由a.c. 波形叠加在直流电 潜在。 霍尔效应装置用于通过触发串（50）或键（70）感测触发。 每个装置具有十一个导电部分，以便可以检测到侧向弯曲，同样的目的，弯曲检测线圈嵌入在指板中。 可以使用使用霍尔效应装置的颤音臂（210）来引入颤音效果。 控制台（32）使每个字符串的音符复位，存储每个字符串的各种设置值，整个仪器的转置以及要获得的“Capo”效果。 踏板单元（30）允许在播放期间选择性地操作一些功能，例如衰减速率的变化，或者在按压踏板被压下时保持所播放的音符。
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公开(公告)号：US07899236B2
公开(公告)日：2011-03-01
申请号：US11558406
申请日：2006-11-09
申请人： Philip L. Freeman , Michael P. Gleason , Matthew M. Thomas , Michael S. Dixon , Robert B. Pless , William D. Smart
发明人： Philip L. Freeman , Michael P. Gleason , Matthew M. Thomas , Michael S. Dixon , Robert B. Pless , William D. Smart
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/6206 , G06T7/001 , G06T2207/30164
摘要： A system for evaluating optical distortion in an aircraft transparency, such as a windshield, is disclosed. The system utilizes high resolution digital images (a reference image and a test image) of a test grid structure having a pattern of visible index locations. In one embodiment, the test image is taken through the transparency under test, and the reference image is taken without the transparency. The two images are processed and analyzed by a computing device to determine displacement of each index location, relative to the reference image. The displacement data is further processed to obtain vector divergence field data that represents a quantitative measurement of the optical distortion. The optical distortion measurement data is then rendered in a suitable format that allows the transparency to be rated against certain quality criteria.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于评估飞机透明度中的光学失真的系统，例如挡风玻璃。 该系统利用具有可见索引位置图案的测试网格结构的高分辨率数字图像（参考图像和测试图像）。 在一个实施例中，通过被测透明度拍摄测试图像，并且在没有透明度的情况下拍摄参考图像。 两个图像由计算设备处理和分析，以确定每个索引位置相对于参考图像的位移。 进一步处理位移数据以获得表示光学失真的定量测量的矢量发散场数据。 然后，光学失真测量数据以适当的格式呈现，其允许根据某些质量标准评估透明度。
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公开(公告)号：US20100086191A1
公开(公告)日：2010-04-08
申请号：US11558406
申请日：2006-11-09
申请人： Philip L. Freeman , Michael P. Gleason , Matthew M. Thomas , Michael S. Dixon , Robert B. Pless , William D. Smart
发明人： Philip L. Freeman , Michael P. Gleason , Matthew M. Thomas , Michael S. Dixon , Robert B. Pless , William D. Smart
CPC分类号： G06K9/6206 , G06T7/001 , G06T2207/30164
摘要： A system for evaluating optical distortion in an aircraft transparency, such as a windshield, is disclosed. The system utilizes high resolution digital images (a reference image and a test image) of a test grid structure having a pattern of visible index locations. In one embodiment, the test image is taken through the transparency under test, and the reference image is taken without the transparency. The two images are processed and analyzed by a computing device to determine displacement of each index location, relative to the reference image. The displacement data is further processed to obtain vector divergence field data that represents a quantitative measurement of the optical distortion. The optical distortion measurement data is then rendered in a suitable format that allows the transparency to be rated against certain quality criteria.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于评估飞机透明度中的光学失真的系统，例如挡风玻璃。 该系统利用具有可见索引位置图案的测试网格结构的高分辨率数字图像（参考图像和测试图像）。 在一个实施例中，通过被测透明度拍摄测试图像，并且在没有透明度的情况下拍摄参考图像。 两个图像由计算设备处理和分析，以确定每个索引位置相对于参考图像的位移。 进一步处理位移数据以获得表示光学失真的定量测量的矢量发散场数据。 然后，光学失真测量数据以适当的格式呈现，其允许根据某些质量标准评估透明度。
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公开(公告)号：USD289900S
公开(公告)日：1987-05-19
申请号：US638375
申请日：1984-08-07
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公开(公告)号：US08358830B2
公开(公告)日：2013-01-22
申请号：US12732798
申请日：2010-03-26
申请人： Ronald L. Bookout , Michael P. Gleason , Matthew M. Thomas , Michael S. Dixon , Robert Pless , William D. Smart
发明人： Ronald L. Bookout , Michael P. Gleason , Matthew M. Thomas , Michael S. Dixon , Robert Pless , William D. Smart
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/00 , G06T7/0004 , G06T2207/30108
摘要： A method of detecting optical defects in a transparency may comprise the steps of providing a digital image of the transparency having a plurality of image pixels and detecting at least one candidate defect. The candidate defect may be detected by determining a grayscale intensity of each one of the image pixels and calculating an intensity gradient across adjacent pairs of the image pixels. Each image pixel may be assigned a gradient value comprising a maximum of the absolute value of the intensity gradients associated with the image pixel. A gradient image may be constructed comprising the gradient values assigned to corresponding ones of the image pixels. Image pixels may be identified as candidate pixels if such image pixels have a gradient value exceeding a gradient threshold. The candidate pixels may comprise the optical defect.
摘要翻译： 检测透明度中的光学缺陷的方法可以包括以下步骤：提供具有多个图像像素并且检测至少一个候选缺陷的透明体的数字图像。 可以通过确定每个图像像素的灰度强度并且计算相邻图像像素对之间的强度梯度来检测候选缺陷。 可以为每个图像像素分配包括与图像像素相关联的强度梯度的绝对值的最大值的梯度值。 可以构造梯度图像，其包括分配给对应的图像像素的梯度值。 如果这样的图像像素具有超过梯度阈值的梯度值，则图像像素可以被识别为候选像素。 候选像素可以包括光学缺陷。
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