Abstract:
The transfer member according to the present invention is a transfer member employed for transferring toner in an image forming apparatus utilizing electrophotography, made of a rubber composition at least containing styrene-butadiene rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene rubber and epichlorohydrin rubber as rubber components.
Abstract:
In a positioning apparatus for an actuator, a sliding mode controller for compensating for nonlinear characteristics of a wave gear device of the actuator generates a control input u to a controlled object, based on a position command θl* and a state variable x for expressing the controlled object. The controlled object is defined in the following formula. {dot over (x)}=Ax+Bu+Eθl* y=Cx The switching surfaces of the sliding mode control system are defined by a variable S expressed in the following formula. S=BTP The control input u is the sum of the linear-state feedback control term ul and the nonlinear control input unl u = u l + u nl = - ( SB ) - 1 ( SAx + SE θ l * ) - k ( SB ) - 1 σ σ σ = Sx , where σ is the switching function, and k is the switching gain.
Abstract translation:在用于致动器的定位装置中,用于补偿致动器的波齿轮装置的非线性特性的滑动模式控制器基于位置指令l *和状态变量x产生对受控对象的控制输入u 表达受控对象。 受控对象在下面的公式中定义。 {dot over(x)} = Ax + Bu + E&Thetas; l * y = Cx滑模控制系统的切换面由以下公式表示的变量S定义。 S = BTP控制输入u是线性状态反馈控制项ul和非线性控制输入的总和,其中u u = u + u nl = - (SB)-1(SAx + SEas as as;) - k(SB) - 1&sgr; &sgr セ&sgr = Sx,其中&sgr; 是开关功能,k是开关增益。
Abstract:
A positioning control system for an actuator provided with a strain wave gearing is provided with: a semi-closed feedback controller FB(s) that controls a load shaft position θl on the basis of a feedback motor shaft position θm; and a feedforward linearization compensator configured by incorporating a nonlinear plant model for an object to be controlled into a feedback linearization compensator using an exact linearization technique. The feedforward linearization compensator uses a forward-calculated state quantity estimated value x* to calculate a feedforward current instruction i*ref and a feedforward motor position instruction θ*m to be input into the feedback controller FB(s). A positioning error caused by a non-linear element (non-linear spring property, relative rotational synchronization component, and non-linear friction) of the strain wave gearing is compensated for by the feedforward linearization compensator.
Abstract:
A belt-driven continuously variable transmission adapted to reduce a frictional resistance between the movable sheave and the rotary shaft. The pulley includes the fixed sheave rotated integrally with the rotary shaft, and the movable sheave engaged with the rotary shaft in a manner to slide axially and to be rotated integrally with the rotary shaft. The driving belt is applied to the belt groove formed between the movable sheave and the fixed shave to transmit torque. The transmission is provided with the a passage for delivering fluid to the engagement mechanism engaging the rotary shaft with the movable sheave while allowing relative axial movement therebetween.
Abstract:
A modeling device is disclosed that easily projects characteristic information obtained from an object onto a differently-shaped object, even if the object, from which the characteristic information is obtained, has a complex shape. A modeling device in one embodiment of the present invention includes a virtually electrifying section to calculate an electric potential at a spot in a heart at the time when a predetermined voltage is applied to the heart, and a projecting section to project a fiber orientation onto a heart model created on the basis of shape information that is input to the input section. The projecting section specifies a spot to be a target of projection on the basis of the electric potential obtained by the virtually electrifying section. Use of the electric potential in specifying the spot makes it possible to easily project the fiber orientation onto any heart having complex and various shapes.
Abstract:
An LED lighting device includes a step-up chopper which includes a first switching element and increases an output voltage applied from a DC power supply, a step-down chopper which includes a second switching element and decreases the output voltage from the step-up chopper to apply the decreased output voltage to a light source unit having light emitting diodes, a controller which controls operations of the first and the second switching element, a current limiter which includes a current limiting element and a switch; and a voltage detection unit. The controller stops an operation of the first switching element when the voltage detection unit detects the voltage applied to the light source unit exceeding a predetermined voltage value, and the switch allows a current to flow through the path passing through the current limiting element when the operation of the first switching element is stopped.
Abstract:
A wall-mounted device (1) which ensures easy confirmation of the mounting of a to-be-mounted-on-wall object on a wall surface or the like, and can prevent the to-be-mounted-on-wall object from falling off, and a timepiece having the device are provided. First, an attachment fitting (30) is fixed to the wall surface or the like by screws. Then, a hook part (30a) of the attachment fitting (30) is hooked on a hanging part (13) of the wall-mounted device (1) while deforming an elastic plate member (10) inward. When deformation of the elastic plate member (10) is released, vibration occurs together with generation of a light impact sound at the time the elastic plate member returns from the deformed state to the original state. With a first bent part (10a) of the elastic plate member (10) being in abutment with the hook part (30a) of the attachment fitting (30), the to-be-mounted-on-wall object is mounted on the wall surface or the like.
Abstract:
Provided are a tripod constant velocity joint, and a method and a device for assembling the joint. The opening of a through-hole formed in an inner member of the tripod constant velocity joint has formed therein a tapered, reduced diameter section having a diameter tapered from the opening toward the inside. A first annular groove is formed in the side wall of a driving power transmission shaft, and a clip serving as an engaging member is engaged with the first annular groove. A second annular groove is formed in the inner wall of the through-hole in the inner member. In inserting the driving power transmission shaft through the through-hole in the inner member, the tapered, reduced diameter section guides the shaft in such a manner that the clip is contracted toward the bottom surface of the first annular groove. The clip expands and contracts due to the elasticity thereof when the positions of the first annular groove and the second annular groove coincide with each other.
Abstract:
A modeling device is disclosed that easily projects characteristic information obtained from an object onto a differently-shaped object, even if the object, from which the characteristic information is obtained, has a complex shape. A modeling device in one embodiment of the present invention includes a virtually electrifying section to calculate an electric potential at a spot in a heart at the time when a predetermined voltage is applied to the heart, and a projecting section to project a fiber orientation onto a heart model created on the basis of shape information that is input to the input section. The projecting section specifies a spot to be a target of projection on the basis of the electric potential obtained by the virtually electrifying section. Use of the electric potential in specifying the spot makes it possible to easily project the fiber orientation onto any heart having complex and various shapes.
Abstract:
A flexible section is provided between a small-diameter tube section and a bellows section of a boot for a joint, and the flexible section has a greater flexibility than the small-diameter tube section. When a spline shaft is displaced so as to incline relative to a constant velocity joint, deformation stress acting in the boot is relaxed by allowing the flexible section to deflect (bend). This inhibits the inner wall surface of the small-diameter tube section from separating from the sidewall surface of the spline shaft.