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公开(公告)号：US06532276B1
公开(公告)日：2003-03-11
申请号：US10046777
申请日：2002-01-17
申请人： Martin Hartick , Frank Cordes
发明人： Martin Hartick , Frank Cordes
IPC分类号： G01N23207
CPC分类号： G01V5/0016 , G01N23/20 , G01V5/0025 , G01V5/0041 , G21K5/04
摘要： A method for determining the material of a detected item in objects, especially explosives in luggage, using X-ray diffraction. In this method, wherein scatter radiation deflected at the crystal-lattice structure of the material is measured and compared to characteristic energy spectra or diffraction spectra of various explosives, the absorption by the material influences the X-ray diffraction spectrum, so that information is missing, and inaccurate conclusions may be drawn regarding the material. To improve this method, the primary beam of an X-ray source is used for measuring the absorption. The beam passes through the material, and, from the absorption, an average atomic number of the material is determined, and this additional information is used for the identification of material known by comparing the recorded spectra with diffraction spectra. For this purpose, a collimation/detector arrangement preferably has only one collimator (8) and one detector (9), with the collimator (8) having a conically-expanding circular slot (1), which defines a predetermined diffraction angle, and a central blind bore (1) opening toward the x-ray source. First and second detectors (13, 14) are disposed in the bore to detect lower and higher x-ray energy, respectively.
摘要翻译： 使用X射线衍射来确定物体，特别是行李中的爆炸物中检测到的物品的材料的方法。 在该方法中，测量在材料的晶格结构处偏转的散射辐射，并与各种爆炸物的特征能谱或衍射光谱进行比较，该材料的吸收影响X射线衍射光谱，使得信息丢失 并且可能会对材料提供不准确的结论。 为了改善这种方法，使用X射线源的主光束来测量吸收。 光束通过材料，并且从吸收中确定材料的平均原子数，并且该附加信息用于通过将记录的光谱与衍射光谱进行比较而已知的材料的识别。 为此，准直/检测装置优选地仅具有一个准直器（8）和一个检测器（9），其中准直器（8）具有限定预定衍射角的锥形扩展的圆形槽（1），并且 中心盲孔（1）向x射线源开口。 第一和第二检测器（13,14）设置在孔中以分别检测较低和较高的X射线能量。
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公开(公告)号：US20080089478A1
公开(公告)日：2008-04-17
申请号：US11854535
申请日：2007-09-12
IPC分类号： G21K1/04
CPC分类号： G21K1/04
摘要： A collimator is provided with an adjustable focal length, particularly in X-ray testing systems, comprising an outer part with a conical inner surface and with a inner part having an conical outer surface, which are connected to one another at a fixed distance, as well as with at least one cone sliding part situated between the inner part and outer part in a manner that enables it to move.
摘要翻译： 准直器具有可调节的焦距，特别是在X射线测试系统中，包括具有锥形内表面的外部部分和具有锥形外表面的内部部分，其彼此以固定距离连接，如 以及至少一个锥形滑动部分以能够移动的方式位于内部部分和外部部分之间。
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3.发明授权Apparatus for determining the crystalline and polycrystalline materials of an item 有权用于确定物品的结晶和多晶材料的装置公开(公告)号：US06542578B2
公开(公告)日：2003-04-01
申请号：US10080762
申请日：2001-05-16
申请人： Hermann Ries , Patricia Schall , Frank Cordes , Martin Hartick
发明人： Hermann Ries , Patricia Schall , Frank Cordes , Martin Hartick
IPC分类号： G21K102
摘要： A diffraction apparatus (10) for determining crystalline and polycrystalline materials of an item in objects, preferably in luggage, having a collimation/detector arrangement (11) and an X-ray source (12) and which is mounted to be adjustable in an X-ray testing machine (13). The collimation/detector arrangement (13) is adjustable in height relative to the X-ray source (12), and the two are also laterally and synchronously adjustable via respective adjustment elements (5,6). The collimator (13) has a conically-expanding round slot (15), which simulates a predetermined angle (&THgr;M) of a scatter-beam path.
摘要翻译： 一种衍射装置（10），用于确定具有准直/检测器装置（11）和X射线源（12）的物体，优选地在行李箱中的物品的结晶和多晶材料，并且其被安装成可调整为X 射线测试机（13）。 准直/检测器装置（13）可相对于X射线源（12）在高度上调节，并且两者也通过相应的调节元件（5,6）横向和同步地调节。 准直器（13）具有锥形扩展的圆槽（15），其模拟散射光束路径的预定角度（THETAM）。
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公开(公告)号：US07457394B2
公开(公告)日：2008-11-25
申请号：US11325434
申请日：2006-01-05
申请人： Martin Hartick , Hermann Ries
发明人： Martin Hartick , Hermann Ries
CPC分类号： G01V5/0016
摘要： A device is provided for inspecting objects, particularly pieces of luggage, for suspicious contents using electromagnetic radiation. The device includes a housing comprised of a support and a closable opening through which an object to be inspected can be placed on a receiving element; a source for electromagnetic radiation and a designated detector array, both of which are arranged in the housing such that an inspection area is located above the receiving element; a positioning aid, which indicates the inspection area to an operator; and an evaluation unit including a computer, where the radiation intensities measured by the detector array are evaluated with respect to suspicious materials.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于使用电磁辐射检查物体，特别是行李的可疑内容的装置。 该装置包括由支撑件和可关闭的开口构成的壳体，待检查物体可以通过该开口放置在接收元件上; 一个电磁辐射源和一个指定的检测器阵列，它们均布置在壳体中，使检查区域位于接收元件上方; 定位辅助装置，其指示操作员的检查区域; 以及包括计算机的评估单元，其中由可检测材料评估由检测器阵列测量的辐射强度。
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公开(公告)号：US07436934B2
公开(公告)日：2008-10-14
申请号：US11854535
申请日：2007-09-12
CPC分类号： G21K1/04
摘要： A collimator is provided with an adjustable focal length, particularly in X-ray testing systems, comprising an outer part with a conical inner surface and with a inner part having an conical outer surface, which are connected to one another at a fixed distance, as well as with at least one cone sliding part situated between the inner part and outer part in a manner that enables it to move.
摘要翻译： 准直器具有可调节的焦距，特别是在X射线测试系统中，包括具有锥形内表面的外部部分和具有锥形外表面的内部部分，其彼此以固定距离连接，如 以及至少一个锥形滑动部分以能够移动的方式位于内部部分和外部部分之间。
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公开(公告)号：US06839406B2
公开(公告)日：2005-01-04
申请号：US09860593
申请日：2001-05-21
申请人： Hermann Ries , Patricia Schall , Frank Cordes , Martin Hartick
发明人： Hermann Ries , Patricia Schall , Frank Cordes , Martin Hartick
IPC分类号： G01N23/207 , G01N23/20 , G01V5/00 , G21K5/04
CPC分类号： G01V5/0016 , G01N23/20 , G01V5/0025 , G01V5/0041 , G21K5/04
摘要： A method and an apparatus for detecting items in objects, such as in luggage, wherein a detector apparatus, functioning as a second detector is divided into a lower testing stage and a higher testing stage. In the lower testing stage, the coordinates of the object location are determined, and subsequently, a diffraction apparatus is moved to this location in the higher testing stage. In particular, X-ray diffraction can be employed to determine the explosive material of the item in the object. The diffraction apparatus comprises a collimator/detector arrangement, which is disposed to be adjusted height-wise and laterally in the higher testing stage, with a laterally-adjustable X-ray source, which is synchronized with the collimator/detector arrangement. The collimator/detector arrangement preferably has only one collimator and one detector. The collimator preferably has a conically-expanding ring slot, which a predetermined angle ΘM of a scatter radiation.
摘要翻译： 用于检测诸如行李中的物品中的物品的方法和装置，其中用作第二检测器的检测器装置被分为下测试级和较高的检测级。 在较低的测试阶段，确定对象位置的坐标，随后在更高的测试阶段将衍射装置移动到该位置。 特别地，可以使用X射线衍射来确定物品中的物品的爆炸性物质。 衍射装置包括准直器/检测器装置，该准直器/检测器装置设置成在更高的测试阶段中以高度和横向方式调节，其具有与准直器/检测器装置同步的可横向调节的X射线源。 准直器/检测器装置优选地仅具有一个准直器和一个检测器。 准直器优选地具有锥形扩展的环槽，其具有散射辐射的预定角度θta。
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公开(公告)号：US20110182404A1
公开(公告)日：2011-07-28
申请号：US11878785
申请日：2007-07-26
CPC分类号： G21K1/025
摘要： The invention relates to a collimator with adjustable focal length, especially for use in X-ray testing devices whose operating principle is based on diffraction phenomena in an object. Fixed focal length collimators used in such X-ray testing devices have to be displaced over a large range. The aim of the invention is to reduce the range of displacement. For this purpose, the collimator has at least two diaphragms having respective substantially circular slots arranged about a common center axis, wherein at least one diaphragm can be displaced along the center axis.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种具有可调节焦距的准直器，特别适用于其工作原理基于物体中的衍射现象的X射线检测装置。 在这种X射线测试装置中使用的固定焦距准直器必须在大范围内移位。 本发明的目的是减小排量的范围。 为此目的，准直器具有至少两个膜片，其具有围绕公共中心轴线布置的相应的基本上圆形的槽，其中至少一个隔膜可以沿着中心轴线移位。
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公开(公告)号：US06195413B1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-27
申请号：US09332123
申请日：1999-06-14
申请人： George Geus , Martin Hartick , Patricia Schall
发明人： George Geus , Martin Hartick , Patricia Schall
IPC分类号： G01N2306
CPC分类号： G01N23/06
摘要： A method for detecting X-rays which are separated into individual energy ranges after penetrating an object, as well as to an arrangement for implementing this method. It is known to detect X-rays (FX) by using detection devices (3), consisting of several identically configured detector pairs. The detector pairs in that case consist of a low-energy detector (4) and a high-energy detector (7). As a result, the weakened X-ray beam (FX′) is separated into individual energy ranges following the X-raying of an object (2). This separation is necessary to determine the types of material in the X-rayed object (2). The disadvantage of known detection devices (3) is that an overlapping of the individual energy ranges occurs in the low-energy detector (4), thereby making it impossible to detect the material type with certainty. This problem is avoided by providing for computing out the high-energy shares absorbed in the low-energy detector (4) with the aid of an additional signal. For this purpose, a second low-energy detector (5) is arranged between the first low-energy detector (4) and the high-energy detector (7). An energy spectrum (FX2) that is absorbed in the second low-energy detector (5) is used to obtain the signal to be subtracted.
摘要翻译： 一种用于检测在穿透物体之后被分离成各个能量范围的X射线的方法以及用于实现该方法的装置。 已知通过使用由几个相同配置的检测器对组成的检测装置（3）来检测X射线（FX）。 在这种情况下，检测器对由低能量检测器（4）和高能量检测器（7）组成。 结果，在物体（2）的X射线之后，弱化的X射线束（FX'）被分离成各个能量范围。 这种分离对于确定X射线物体（2）中的材料的类型是必要的。 已知检测装置（3）的缺点是在低能量检测器（4）中发生各个能量范围的重叠，从而不可能确定地检测材料类型。 通过提供借助于附加信号来计算吸收在低能量检测器（4）中的高能量份额来避免这个问题。 为此，在第一低能量检测器（4）和高能量检测器（7）之间布置有第二低能量检测器（5）。 使用在第二低能量检测器（5）中吸收的能谱（FX2）来获得要被减去的信号。
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公开(公告)号：US08472587B2
公开(公告)日：2013-06-25
申请号：US11878785
申请日：2007-07-26
CPC分类号： G21K1/025
摘要： The invention relates to a collimator with adjustable focal length, especially for use in X-ray testing devices whose operating principle is based on diffraction phenomena in an object. Fixed focal length collimators used in such X-ray testing devices have to be displaced over a large range. The aim of the invention is to reduce the range of displacement. For this purpose, the collimator has at least two diaphragms having respective substantially circular slots arranged about a common center axis, wherein at least one diaphragm can be displaced along the center axis.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种具有可调节焦距的准直器，特别适用于其工作原理基于物体中的衍射现象的X射线检测装置。 在这种X射线测试装置中使用的固定焦距准直器必须在大范围内移位。 本发明的目的是减小排量的范围。 为此目的，准直器具有至少两个膜片，其具有围绕公共中心轴线布置的相应的基本上圆形的槽，其中至少一个隔膜可以沿着中心轴线移位。
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公开(公告)号：US20080137809A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-12
申请号：US11325434
申请日：2006-01-05
申请人： Martin Hartick , Hermann Ries
发明人： Martin Hartick , Hermann Ries
IPC分类号： G01N23/04
CPC分类号： G01V5/0016
摘要： A device is provided for inspecting objects, particularly pieces of luggage, for suspicious contents using electromagnetic radiation. The device includes a housing comprised of a support and a closable opening through which an object to be inspected can be placed on a receiving element; a source for electromagnetic radiation and a designated detector array, both of which are arranged in the housing such that an inspection area is located above the receiving element; a positioning aid, which indicates the inspection area to an operator; and an evaluation unit including a computer, where the radiation intensities measured by the detector array are evaluated with respect to suspicious materials.
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