公开(公告)号：US06540947B2

公开(公告)日：2003-04-01

申请号：US09749573

申请日：2000-12-28

申请人： Dennis Martell ,  Nicholas K. Sheridan ,  Joseph M. Crowley ,  Matthew E. Howard ,  Michelle Anne Remus

发明人： Dennis Martell ,  Nicholas K. Sheridan ,  Joseph M. Crowley ,  Matthew E. Howard ,  Michelle Anne Remus

IPC分类号： B29B910

CPC分类号： G02B26/026 ,  B01J2/02 ,  B29B9/12

摘要： A bi-chromal ball production apparatus and method where the bi-chromal ball material is fed from opposite sides of the disk, reconfiguring the internal geometry of the apparatus, and precisely configuring the bi-chromal ball material feeding slit. The bi-chromal ball production apparatus has a disk that rotates, a first supply structure that supplies a first bi-chromal ball material to the disk from a first direction, a second supply structure tube that supplies a second bi-chromal ball material to the disk from a second direction and a motor that rotates the disk. The bi-chromal ball production apparatus includes a first reservoir and a first slit defined by the disk and a top body, a second reservoir and a second slit defined by the disk and a bottom body. An inner surface of each of the first and second reservoir is parabola shaped.

公开(公告)号：US06406130B1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-18

申请号：US09785160

申请日：2001-02-20

申请人： Arthur M. Gooray ,  George J. Roller ,  Joseph M. Crowley ,  Paul C. Galambos ,  Frank J. Peter ,  Kevin R. Zavadil ,  Richard C. Givler ,  Leonard M. Carreira

发明人： Arthur M. Gooray ,  George J. Roller ,  Joseph M. Crowley ,  Paul C. Galambos ,  Frank J. Peter ,  Kevin R. Zavadil ,  Richard C. Givler ,  Leonard M. Carreira

IPC分类号： B41J204

CPC分类号： B41J2/14314 ,  B41J2002/041

摘要： A fluid ejection system according to this invention operates on the principle of electrostatic or magnetic attraction. In various exemplary embodiments, the fluid ejection system includes a sealed diaphragm arrangement having at least one diaphragm portion and a diaphragm chamber defined at least partially by the at least one diaphragm portion, a nozzle hole located over the at least one diaphragm portion, an ejection chamber defined between the nozzle hole and the least one diaphragm portion and a secondary dielectric fluid reservoir containing a secondary dielectric fluid. The ejection chamber receives a primary fluid to be ejected. The secondary dielectric fluid reservoir is in fluid communication with the diaphragm chamber to supply the secondary dielectric fluid to the diaphragm chamber. In various exemplary embodiments, the secondary dielectric fluid is a liquid, a substantially incompressible fluid, and/or a high performance dielectric fluid having a dielectric constant greater than 1.

摘要翻译： 根据本发明的流体喷射系统基于静电或磁吸引的原理进行操作。 在各种示例性实施例中，流体喷射系统包括密封隔膜装置，其具有至少一个隔膜部分和至少部分地由至少一个隔膜部分限定的隔膜室，位于至少一个隔膜部分上方的喷嘴孔， 限定在喷嘴孔和至少一个隔膜部分之间的腔室以及包含第二介电流体的次级介质流体储存器。 喷射室接收要喷射的主要流体。 次级介质流体储存器与隔膜室流体连通，以将次级介质流体供应到隔膜室。 在各种示例性实施例中，次级介电流体是具有大于1的介电常数的液体，基本上不可压缩的流体和/或高性能介电流体。

公开(公告)号：US5914805A

公开(公告)日：1999-06-22

申请号：US716675

申请日：1996-09-13

申请人： Joseph M. Crowley

发明人： Joseph M. Crowley

IPC分类号： G02B26/02 ,  G09F9/37 ,  G02B26/00

CPC分类号： G02B26/026 ,  G09F9/372

摘要： A gyricon or twisting-ball display having superior reflectance characteristics comparing favorably with those of white paper is based on a material made up of two populations (e.g., two different sizes) of optically anisotropic particles, such as bichromal balls, disposed in a substrate. Particles of the first population, as considered by themselves without the particles of the second population, are disposed in the substrate in a closely packed (e.g., geometrically regular) arrangement having interstices. Particles of the second population are disposed in the interstices of the arrangement. A rotatable disposition of each particle is achievable while the particle is thus disposed in the substrate; for example, the particles can already be rotatable in the substrate, or can be rendered rotatable in the substrate by a nondestructive operation performed on the substrate. In particular, the particles can be situated in an elastomer substrate that is expanded by application of a fluid thereto so as to render the particles rotatable therein. A particle, when in its rotatable disposition, is not attached to the substrate. A reflective-mode display apparatus can be constructed from a piece of the material together with a mechanism (e.g., addressing electrodes) for facilitating rotation of at least one of the particles.

摘要翻译： 与白纸相比，具有优异的反射特性的陀螺仪或扭球显示器是基于由设置在基底中的两个群体（例如两个不同尺寸）的光学各向异性粒子（例如双重色球）组成的材料。 如本身没有第二群体的颗粒所考虑的第一群体的颗粒以紧密堆积（例如，几何规则的）排列设置在基底中。 第二种群的颗粒被排列在排列的空隙中。 可以实现每个颗粒的可旋转布置，同时颗粒因此设置在基板中; 例如，颗粒可以在衬底中可以旋转，或者可以通过在衬底上进行的非破坏性操作而在衬底中转动。 特别地，颗粒可以位于通过向其施加流体而膨胀以使颗粒在其中可旋转的弹性体基底中。 当颗粒处于其可旋转的位置时，未附着到基底上。 反射型显示装置可以由一块材料与一个用于促进至少一个颗粒的旋转的机构（例如，寻址电极）构成。

公开(公告)号：US06416169B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-09

申请号：US09718420

申请日：2000-11-24

申请人： Arthur M. Gooray ,  George J. Roller ,  Joseph M. Crowley ,  Paul C. Galambos ,  Frank J. Peter ,  Kevin R. Zavadil ,  Richard C. Givler

发明人： Arthur M. Gooray ,  George J. Roller ,  Joseph M. Crowley ,  Paul C. Galambos ,  Frank J. Peter ,  Kevin R. Zavadil ,  Richard C. Givler

IPC分类号： B41J204

CPC分类号： B41J2/14 ,  B41J2002/043

摘要： A piston structure is movably mounted within a fluid chamber. Movement of the piston structure towards a faceplate causes a portion of the fluid between the piston and the faceplate to be forced out of the nozzle hole in the faceplate, forming a drop or jet of the fluid. Viscous forces that are generated by the flow of fluid along a working surface of the piston structure toward and away from the nozzle hole generate a force that resists the movement of the piston structure. This resistance force tends to slow the piston motion, and prevents the piston from contacting the faceplate. In various embodiments, the fluid chamber is defined by a cylinder structure. The piston structure moves within the cylinder structure. The cylinder structure and the faceplate define the fluid chamber. The cylinder structure and the piston structure are designed to cooperate so that the movement of the piston structure within the cylinder structure ejects fluid according to various design criteria. In various embodiments, a free space is provided between the faceplate and the piston structure at its maximum displacement towards the faceplate.

摘要翻译： 活塞结构可移动地安装在流体室内。 活塞结构朝向面板的运动导致活塞和面板之间的流体的一部分被迫离开面板中的喷嘴孔，形成液体的液滴或射流。 由流体沿着活塞结构的工作表面朝向和远离喷嘴孔流动产生的粘性力产生抵抗活塞结构的运动的力。 该阻力往往会减慢活塞运动，并防止活塞接触面板。 在各种实施例中，流体室由气缸结构限定。 活塞结构在气缸结构内移动。 气缸结构和面板限定流体室。 气缸结构和活塞结构被设计成配合，使得活塞结构在气缸结构内的运动根据各种设计标准喷射流体。 在各种实施例中，在朝向面板的最大位移处，在面板和活塞结构之间提供自由空间。

公开(公告)号：US06350015B1

公开(公告)日：2002-02-26

申请号：US09718495

申请日：2000-11-24

申请人： Arthur M. Gooray ,  George J. Roller ,  Joseph M. Crowley, Jr. ,  Paul C. Galambos ,  Frank J. Peter ,  Kevin R. Zavadil ,  Richard C. Givler ,  D. Russell Humphreys ,  Jeffry J. Sniegowski

发明人： Arthur M. Gooray ,  George J. Roller ,  Joseph M. Crowley, Jr. ,  Paul C. Galambos ,  Frank J. Peter ,  Kevin R. Zavadil ,  Richard C. Givler ,  D. Russell Humphreys ,  Jeffry J. Sniegowski

IPC分类号： B41J204

CPC分类号： B41J2/14 ,  B41J2002/041

摘要： The systems and methods of the present invention operate by magnetically driving a fluid ejector. In various exemplary embodiments, a primary coil and a secondary coil are situated in the ejector. The ejector has a movable piston usable to eject fluid through a nozzle hole. The piston may be resiliently mounted and biased to an at-rest position. A drive signal is applied to cause current to flow in the primary coil. The current flow generates a magnetic field that induces a current in the secondary coil. Either the primary coil or the secondary coil or associated with the piston and the other is associated with a fixed structure of the ejector. As a result, a magnetic force is generated that pushes the piston either toward a faceplate so that a drop of fluid is ejected through the nozzle hole in the faceplate or away from the faceplate so that fluid fills in a fluid chamber between the piston and the faceplate. When the drive signal is turned off, the piston resiliently returns to its at-rest position, thereby either refilling the ejected fluid or ejecting a drop of fluid through the nozzle hole in the faceplate. In various other embodiments, the faceplate is made of a magnetic material, such as a ferrous material, or is coated with or connected to a magnetic material. A second primary coil or a permanent magnet may be included in various other embodiments. In various embodiments, switching the direction of the current changes the magnetic force between attraction and repulsion.

摘要翻译： 本发明的系统和方法通过磁驱动流体喷射器来操作。 在各种示例性实施例中，初级线圈和次级线圈位于喷射器中。 喷射器具有用于将流体喷射通过喷嘴孔的活动活塞。 活塞可以弹性安装并偏置到静止位置。 施加驱动信号以使电流在初级线圈中流动。 电流产生在次级线圈中产生电流的磁场。 初级线圈或次级线圈或与活塞相关联的线圈或者与线圈相关联的另一个线圈与喷射器的固定结构相关联。 结果，产生磁力将活塞推向面板，使得一滴液体通过面板中的喷嘴孔或离开面板喷射，使得流体填充在活塞和活塞之间的流体室中 面板。 当驱动信号关闭时，活塞弹性地返回到其静止位置，从而重新填充喷射的流体或者通过面板中的喷嘴孔喷射一滴液体。 在各种其他实施例中，面板由诸如铁类材料的磁性材料制成，或者被涂覆或连接到磁性材料。 在各种其他实施例中可以包括第二初级线圈或永磁体。 在各种实施例中，切换电流的方向改变吸引力和排斥之间的磁力。

公开(公告)号：US5825529A

公开(公告)日：1998-10-20

申请号：US713325

申请日：1996-09-13

申请人： Joseph M. Crowley

发明人： Joseph M. Crowley

IPC分类号： G02B26/02 ,  G09F9/37 ,  G02B26/00

CPC分类号： G09F9/372 ,  G02B26/026

摘要： A gyricon or twisting-ball display in which optically anisotropic particles, such as bichromal balls, are disposed directly in a working fluid, such as a dielectric liquid, without an elastomer substrate or other cavity-containing matrix. The display apparatus has an optically transmissive viewing surface, behind which the working fluid is disposed with the particles in it. The particles are arranged in a closely packed stable arrangement in which neighboring particles tend to keep one another in place. For example, the particles can be arranged in a hexagonally packed monolayer. The working fluid does not substantially constrain the particles to remain in the stable arrangement, notwithstanding the direct contact of the fluid with the particles.

摘要翻译： 一种陀螺仪或扭球显示器，其中光学各向异性颗粒例如双色球直接设置在诸如电介质液体的工作流体中，没有弹性体基底或其它含空腔的基质。 显示装置具有透光观察表面，工作流体在其后面布置有颗粒。 颗粒以紧密堆积的稳定布置布置，其中相邻颗粒倾向于彼此保持在适当位置。 例如，颗粒可以排列成六边形填充的单层。 尽管流体与颗粒直接接触，但工作流体基本上不限制颗粒保持在稳定的布置中。

公开(公告)号：US5815306A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-29

申请号：US773664

申请日：1996-12-24

申请人： Nicholas K. Sheridon ,  Linda T. Romano ,  James C. Mikkelsen, Jr. ,  Edward A. Richley ,  Joseph M. Crowley

发明人： Nicholas K. Sheridon ,  Linda T. Romano ,  James C. Mikkelsen, Jr. ,  Edward A. Richley ,  Joseph M. Crowley

IPC分类号： G02B26/02 ,  G09F9/37 ,  G02B26/00

CPC分类号： G02B26/026 ,  G09F9/372

摘要： A gyricon or rotating-particle display having an "eggcrate" substrate. The display includes a substrate having a cavity-containing matrix whose cavities are disposed substantially in a single layer and are arranged within the matrix substantially in a geometrically regular pattern, and a plurality of optically anisotropic particles disposed in the cavities in the substrate, with each cavity containing at most one of the optically anistropic particles. A rotatable disposition of each particle is achievable while the particle is thus disposed in the substrate; the particle, when in its rotatable disposition, is not attached to the substrate. Each particle, for example, can have an anisotropy for providing an electrical dipole moment, the electrical dipole moment rendering the particle electrically responsive such that when the particle is rotatably disposed in an electric field while the electrical dipole moment of the particle is provided, the particle tends to rotate to an orientation in which the electrical dipole moment aligns with the field. The single layer of cavities can be substantially planar, and the geometrical pattern of cavities can be a two-dimensional array pattern in the plane of the layer, such as a hexagonal, rectangular, or rhomboidal array pattern. The substrate can further include first and second members between which members the matrix is disposed; at least one of the members can include an optically transmissive window through which a flux of optical energy can pass so as to be incident on the particles.

摘要翻译： 具有“茄子”底物的陀螺仪或旋转粒子显示器。 显示器包括具有空腔的基体，其空腔基本上设置在单层中并且基本上以几何规则的图案布置在基体内，以及设置在基底中的空腔中的多个光学各向异性颗粒，每个 含有至多一个光学吸收性颗粒的空腔。 可以实现每个颗粒的可旋转布置，同时颗粒因此设置在基板中; 当处于其可旋转的位置时，颗粒不附着到基底上。 例如，每个颗粒可以具有用于提供电偶极矩的各向异性，电偶极矩使得颗粒电响应，使得当颗粒可旋转地设置在电场中同时提供颗粒的电偶极矩时， 颗粒倾向于旋转到电偶极矩与场对准的取向。 单层空腔可以是基本上平面的，空腔的几何图案可以是层的平面中的二维阵列图案，例如六边形，矩形或菱形阵列图案。 衬底还可以包括第一和第二构件，构件之间设置有矩阵; 所述构件中的至少一个可以包括光学透射窗口，光学能量通过该窗口可以通过以便入射到颗粒上。

公开(公告)号：USD338434S

公开(公告)日：1993-08-17

申请号：US675713

申请日：1991-03-27

申请人： Earl A. Muff ,  Joseph M. Crowley

设计人： Earl A. Muff ,  Joseph M. Crowley

公开(公告)号：US5176974A

公开(公告)日：1993-01-05

申请号：US422201

申请日：1989-10-16

申请人： Henry R. Till ,  Harold M. Anderson ,  Gerald A. Domoto ,  Aron Sereny ,  Joseph M. Crowley ,  Richard G. Crystal ,  John C. Knights ,  Rodney B. Proulx ,  Nicholas K. Sheridon ,  John M Lennon ,  Stephan Drappel

发明人： Henry R. Till ,  Harold M. Anderson ,  Gerald A. Domoto ,  Aron Sereny ,  Joseph M. Crowley ,  Richard G. Crystal ,  John C. Knights ,  Rodney B. Proulx ,  Nicholas K. Sheridon ,  John M Lennon ,  Stephan Drappel

IPC分类号： G03G15/05 ,  G03G5/02 ,  G03G9/12 ,  G03G13/01 ,  G03G13/10 ,  G03G15/01 ,  G03G15/32

CPC分类号： G03G5/0205 ,  G03G13/01 ,  G03G13/10 ,  G03G15/321 ,  G03G9/122

摘要： Disclosed are ionographic imaging apparatuses and processes. One apparatus comprises an imaging means, means for applying to the imaging means a liquid material capable of forming a dielectric peel layer adhering to the imaging means, ionographic writing means for generating a latent image on the peel layer, means for developing the latent image on the peel layer, and means for simultaneously transferring the peel layer bearing the developed image from the imaging means to a substrate and affixing the peel layer bearing the developed image to the substrate. In another embodiment, the apparatus employs a process which comprises applying to an imaging means a liquid material capable of forming a dielectric peel layer adhering to the imaging means, forming a first latent image on the peel layer with an ionographic writing means, developing the first latent image with a first developer, forming a second latent image on the peel layer containing the first developed image with an ionographic writing means, developing the second latent image with a second developer, forming a third latent image on the peel layer containing the first and second developed images with an ionographic writing means, developing the third latent image with a third developer, and simultaneously transferring the portion of the peel layer that bears the developed images to a substrate and affixing the peel layer bearing the developed images to the substrate. A further embodiment is directed to an apparatus and process for sequentially forming and developing primary color images on an imaging means to form a full color image, followed by trasnsferring the fully formed image to a substrate, wherein the developers employed contain a release agent.

公开(公告)号：US4316233A

公开(公告)日：1982-02-16

申请号：US116498

申请日：1980-01-29

申请人： John C. Chato ,  Joseph M. Crowley

发明人： John C. Chato ,  Joseph M. Crowley

IPC分类号： B65G54/02 ,  H02N11/00 ,  B05B5/02

CPC分类号： H02N11/006 ,  B65G54/02

摘要： Apparatus for pumping charged fluid or charged particles by means of a travelling electric field which acts on the charge through Coulombic forces. The electric field is produced by a single phase time varying voltage applied to material with dimensions or electrical properties which vary in space. This material is placed between the medium to be pumped and an electrical conductor attached to the voltage supply.

摘要翻译： 借助于通过库仑力作用于电荷的行进电场来泵送带电流体或带电粒子的装置。 电场通过施加到具有空间变化的尺寸或电学性质的材料的单相时变电压产生。 将该材料放置在要泵送的介质和连接到电压源的电导体之间。