公开(公告)号：US07224455B2

公开(公告)日：2007-05-29

申请号：US10857548

申请日：2004-05-28

Applicant: Richard Myers ,  Edward L. McCall ,  Gerald F. McGowan ,  Edward A. Smierciak

Inventor： Richard Myers ,  Edward L. McCall ,  Gerald F. McGowan ,  Edward A. Smierciak

IPC: G01N21/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/53 ,  G01N2021/4707

Abstract: A device for measuring near forward scatter caused by particulate matter in a fluid is disclosed. The device comprises, according to various embodiments, a transceiver and a reflector. The transceiver includes a light source and a detector. The reflector is positioned opposite the transceiver so that at least a portion of the fluid is present between the transceiver and the reflector. The reflector includes a front portion facing the transceiver. Optical energy from the light source incident upon the reflector is reflected towards the transceiver as a return beam of optical energy, wherein the detector senses primarily optical energy of the return beam that is scattered over a range of near forward angles by particulate matter in the fluid.

公开(公告)号：US07715009B1

公开(公告)日：2010-05-11

申请号：US11735643

申请日：2007-04-16

Applicant: Richard Myers ,  Edward A. Smierciak ,  Joseph F. Lebarty ,  George Gaffron

Inventor： Richard Myers ,  Edward A. Smierciak ,  Joseph F. Lebarty ,  George Gaffron

IPC: G01N21/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/534 ,  G01N21/85 ,  G01N2021/536

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring an optical property of a fluid. The apparatus may comprise a light source for projecting a beam of optical energy through the fluid and a reflector positioned opposite the fluid from the light source. The apparatus may also comprise receiver optics defining a receiver aperture. The reflector may be selected to under-fill the receiver aperture by a factor of at least 2.5. According to various embodiments, the apparatus may also comprise a reflector purge nozzle positioned at least partially between the reflector and the fluid. In addition to, or instead of the under-fill factor described above, the reflector may be selected to have a diameter less than a diameter of the reflector purge nozzle by a factor of at least 6.

Abstract translation: 一种用于测量流体的光学特性的装置。 该装置可以包括用于将光能束投射通过流体的光源和与来自光源的流体相对的反射器。 该装置还可以包括限定接收器孔径的接收器光学器件。 可以选择反射器以将接收器孔径填充至少2.5倍。 根据各种实施例，该装置还可以包括至少部分地位于反射器和流体之间的反射器吹扫喷嘴。 除了或代替上述欠填充因子之外，反射器可以被选择为具有小于反射器吹扫喷嘴直径的直径至少为6倍。

公开(公告)号：US5831730A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-03

申请号：US856072

申请日：1997-05-14

Applicant: John E. Traina ,  Richard Myers ,  Edward A. Smierciak

Inventor： John E. Traina ,  Richard Myers ,  Edward A. Smierciak

IPC: G01N15/02 ,  G01N21/53 ,  G01N21/00

CPC classification number: G01N15/0205 ,  G01N21/534 ,  G01N21/4785

Abstract: An improved method of monitoring particulates in stacks or ducts utilizes transmissometer/particulate monitor of the type which has an optical assembly containing a solid state light source of visible light such as a light-emitting diode or a solid-state laser. The light source emits a collimated beam that is split, part of which is focused onto a reference detector that monitors the intensity of the light source, while the other part is directed to a beam-steering apparatus that causes the beam to accurately pass through a gaseous sample to a desired location such as a retro-reflector. A position-sensing detector is used in a closed-loop manner to control the beam-steering apparatus. The ratio of the total energy of the detected light beam, relative to the reference detector output, is used to determine the opacity of the gaseous sample for the purpose of providing a basis for correlation to particulate loading of that portion of the particulates that are of a size comparable to the wavelength of light. The correlation to particulate loading is enhanced by a feature of the invention which measures the angular distribution of forward-scattered light to provide information as to the particle size distribution of the particulates. In addition, by steering the beam such that the intensity of scattered light at a preferred scattering angle of 2 to 3 degrees is measured, a measurement may be made that provides a signal that is proportional to the total concentration of particulates independent of the size distribution.

Abstract translation: 一种监测堆叠或管道中的微粒的改进方法利用了具有包含诸如发光二极管或固体激光器的可见光的固态光源的光学组件的类型的透射计/微粒监测器。 光源发射被分裂的准直光束，其中的一部分被聚焦到监视光源的强度的参考检测器上，而另一部分被引导到光束转向装置，该光束转向装置使光束准确地通过 气态样品到期望的位置，例如后向反射器。 以闭环方式使用位置检测检测器来控制光束转向装置。 检测光束相对于参考检测器输出的总能量的比率用于确定气体样品的不透明度，以提供与颗粒物的颗粒负载相关的基础， 尺寸与光的波长相当。 通过测量前向散射光的角分布以提供关于颗粒的粒度分布的信息的本发明的特征来增强与颗粒负载的相关性。 此外，通过转向光束使得测量到2至3度的优选散射角的散射光的强度，可以进行测量，其提供与颗粒的总浓度成比例的信号，而与尺寸分布无关 。

公开(公告)号：US5999257A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-07

申请号：US002984

申请日：1998-01-05

Applicant: Richard Myers ,  Edward A. Smierciak

Inventor： Richard Myers ,  Edward A. Smierciak

IPC: G01N15/02 ,  G01N21/53

CPC classification number: G01N15/0205 ,  G01N21/534 ,  G01N21/4785

Abstract: In a method for monitoring particulates in stacks or ducts a back-scatter monitor uses a solid-state laser to emit a collimated beam, the intensity of which is controlled via feedback from a reference detector. The beam is split so that part goes to a reference surface for calibration checks, and part is directed to pass at a selected angle through a gaseous sample. Optical energy scattered from particles in the sample is detected by viewing optics to provide an indication of particulate concentration. The beam steering mechanism can direct the optics to view scattering along a selectable axis that intersects the laser beam at a specified location within the gaseous sample. The method can be used to determine the opacity of the gaseous sample providing a basis for correlation to particulate loading of that portion of the particulates that are of a size comparable to the wavelength of light.

Abstract translation: 在用于监测堆叠或管道中的微粒的方法中，背散射监视器使用固态激光器发射准直束，其强度通过来自参考检测器的反馈来控制。 光束被分裂，使得部分进入参考表面进行校准检查，并且部分被引导以选定角度通过气态样品。 通过观察光学元件检测样品中颗粒散射的光能，以提供颗粒浓度的指示。 光束转向机构可以引导光学器件沿着在气态样品中的指定位置处与激光束相交的可选择轴线观看散射。 该方法可用于确定气体样品的不透明度，其提供与颗粒的颗粒负载相关的基础，颗粒负载的尺寸与光的波长相当。

公开(公告)号：US5751423A

公开(公告)日：1998-05-12

申请号：US761127

申请日：1996-12-06

Applicant: John E. Traina ,  Richard Myers ,  Edward A. Smierciak

Inventor： John E. Traina ,  Richard Myers ,  Edward A. Smierciak

IPC: G01N15/02 ,  G01N21/53 ,  G01N21/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/534 ,  G01N15/0205 ,  G01N21/4785

Abstract: An improved transmissometer/particulate monitor of the type which has an optical assembly containing a solid state light source preferably a solid-state laser. The light source emits a collimated beam that is split, part of which is focused onto a reference detector that monitors the intensity of the light source, while the other part is directed to a beam-steering apparatus that causes the beam to accurately pass through a gaseous sample to a desired location such as a retro-reflector. A position-sensing detector is used in a closed-loop manner to control the beam-steering apparatus. The ratio of the total energy of the detected light beam, relative to the reference detector output, is used to determine the opacity of the gaseous sample or to provide a basis for correlation to particulate loading of the sample or both. The correlation to particulate loading is enhanced by a feature of the invention which measures the angular distribution of forward-scattered light to provide information as to the particle size distribution of the particulates.

Abstract translation: 一种改进的透射计/颗粒监测器，其具有包含固态光源的光学组件，优选为固态激光器。 光源发射被分割的准直光束，其中的一部分被聚焦到监视光源的强度的参考检测器上，而另一部分被引导到光束转向装置，其使光束准确地通过 气态样品到期望的位置，例如后向反射器。 以闭环方式使用位置检测检测器来控制光束转向装置。 使用检测光束的总能量相对于参考检测器输出的比率来确定气体样品的不透明度或提供与样品或两者的颗粒物负载相关的基础。 通过测量前向散射光的角分布以提供关于颗粒的粒度分布的信息的本发明的特征来增强与颗粒负载的相关性。