摘要:
The selective electrochemical reduction of halogenated 4-aminopicolinic acids is improved by activating the cathode at a final potential from about +1.0 to about +1.8 volts.
摘要:
The present invention is related to a novel intermediates and processes which are useful in the preparation of certain antihistaminic piperidine derivatives of the formula wherein W represents —C(═O)— or —CH(OH)—; R1 represents hydrogen or hydroxy; R2 represents hydrogen; R1 and R2 taken together form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2; n is an integer of from 1 to 5; m is an integer 0 or 1; R3 is —COOH or —COOalkyl wherein the alkyl moiety has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and is straight or branched each of A is hydrogen or hydroxy; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and individual optical isomers thereof, with the proviso that where R1 and R2 are taken together to form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2 or where R1 represented hydroxy, m is an integer 0.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种新的中间体和方法,其可用于制备W代表-C(= O) - 或-CH(OH) - 的某些抗组胺型哌啶衍生物; R 1表示氢或羟基; R 2表示氢 R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间的第二个键; n是1至5的整数; m是整数0或1; R 3是-COOH或-COO烷基,其中烷基部分具有 1至6个碳原子,并且是直链或支链的,每个A是氢或羟基; 和其药学上可接受的盐和单独的光学异构体,条件是其中R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间或其中R 1表示羟基的第二个键,m是整数0。
摘要:
The present invention is related to a novel intermediates and processes which are useful in the preparation of certain antihistaminic piperidine derivatives of the formula wherein W represents —C(═O)— or —CH(OH)—; R1 represents hydrogen or hydroxy; R2 represents hydrogen; R1 and R2 taken together form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2; n is an integer of from 1 to 5; m is an integer 0 to 1; R3 is —COOH or —COOalkyl wherein the alkyl moiety has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and is straight or branched; each of A is hydrogen or hydroxy; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and individual optical isomers thereof, with the proviso that where R1 and R2 are taken together to form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2 or where R1 represented hydroxy, m is an integer 0.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种新的中间体和方法,其可用于制备W代表-C(= O) - 或-CH(OH) - 的某些抗组胺型哌啶衍生物; R 1表示氢或羟基; R 2表示氢 ; R 1和R 2一起形成带有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间的第二个键; n是1至5的整数; m是0至1的整数; R 3是-COOH或-COO烷基,其中烷基部分具有 1至6个碳原子,为直链或支链; A为氢或羟基; 其药学上可接受的盐和单独的光学异构体,条件是其中R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间或其中R 1表示羟基的第二个键,m是整数0。
摘要:
The present invention is related to a novel intermediates and processes which are useful in the preparation of certain antihistaminic piperidine derivatives of the formula wherein W represents —C(═O)— or —CH(OH)—; R1 represents hydrogen or hydroxy; R2 represents hydrogen; R1 and R2 taken together form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2; n is an integer of from 1 to 5; m is an integer 0 or 1; R3 is —COOH or —COOalkyl wherein the alkyl moiety has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and is straight or branched each of A is hydrogen or hydroxy; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and individual optical isomers thereof, with the proviso that where R1 and R2 are taken to form a second bond between the carbon atoms R1 and R2 or where R1 represented hydroxy integer 0.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种新的中间体和方法,其可用于制备W代表-C(= O) - 或-CH(OH) - 的某些抗组胺型哌啶衍生物; R 1表示氢或羟基; R 2表示氢 R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间的第二个键; n是1至5的整数; m是整数0或1; R 3是-COOH或-COO烷基,其中烷基部分具有 1至6个碳原子,并且是直链或支链的,每个A是氢或羟基; 其药学上可接受的盐和单独的光学异构体,条件是其中R1和R2被取代形成碳原子R1和R2之间的第二个键,或其中R1表示羟基整数0。
摘要:
The present invention is related to a novel intermediates and processes which are useful in the preparation of certain antihistaminic piperidine derivatives of the formula wherein W represents —C(═O)— or —CH(OH)—; R1 represents hydrogen or hydroxy; R2 represents hydrogen; R1 and R2 taken together form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2; n is an integer of from 1 to 5; m is an integer 0 or 1; R3 is —COOH or —COOalkyl wherein the alkyl moiety has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and is straight or branched each of A is hydrogen or hydroxy; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and individual optical isomers thereof, with the proviso that where R1 and R2 are taken together to form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2 or where R1 represented hydroxy, m is an integer 0.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种新的中间体和方法,其可用于制备W代表-C(= O) - 或-CH(OH) - 的某些抗组胺型哌啶衍生物; R 1表示氢或羟基; R 2表示氢 R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间的第二个键; n是1至5的整数; m是整数0或1; R 3是-COOH或-COO烷基,其中烷基部分具有 1至6个碳原子,并且是直链或支链的,每个A是氢或羟基; 其药学上可接受的盐和单独的光学异构体,条件是其中R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间或其中R 1表示羟基的第二个键,m是整数0。
摘要:
The present invention is related to a novel intermediates and processes which are useful in the preparation of certain antihistaminic piperidine derivatives of the formula wherein W represents —C(═O)— or —CH(OH)—; R1 represents hydrogen or hydroxy; R2 represents hydrogen; R1 and R2 taken together form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2; n is an integer of from 1 to 5; m is an integer 0 or 1; R3 is —COOH or —COOalkyl wherein the alkyl moiety has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and is straight or branched; each of A is hydrogen or hydroxy; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and individual optical isomers thereof, with the proviso that where R1 and R2 are taken together to form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2 or where R1 represented hydroxy, m is an integer 0.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种新的中间体和方法,其可用于制备W代表-C(= O) - 或-CH(OH) - 的某些抗组胺型哌啶衍生物; R 1表示氢或羟基; R 2表示氢 R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间的第二个键; n是1至5的整数; m是整数0或1; R 3是-COOH或-COO烷基,其中烷基部分具有 1至6个碳原子,为直链或支链; A为氢或羟基; 其药学上可接受的盐和单独的光学异构体,条件是其中R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间或其中R 1表示羟基的第二个键,m是整数0。
摘要:
The present invention is related to a novel intermediates and processes which are useful in the preparation of certain antihistaminic piperidine derivatives of the formula wherein W represents —C(═O)— or —CH(OH)—; R1 represents hydrogen or hydroxy; R2 represents hydrogen; R1 and R2 taken together form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2; n is an integer of from 1 to 5; m is an integer 0 or 1; R3 is —COOH or —COOalkyl wherein the alkyl moiety has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and is straight or branched each of A is hydrogen or hydroxy; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and individual optical isomers thereof, with the proviso that where R1 and R2 are taken together to form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2 or where R1 represented hydroxy, m is an integer 0.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种新的中间体和方法,其可用于制备W代表-C(= O) - 或-CH(OH) - 的某些抗组胺型哌啶衍生物; R 1表示氢或羟基; R 2表示氢 R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间的第二个键; n是1至5的整数; m是整数0或1; R 3是-COOH或-COO烷基,其中烷基部分具有 1至6个碳原子,并且是直链或支链的,每个A是氢或羟基; 其药学上可接受的盐和单独的光学异构体,条件是其中R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间或其中R 1表示羟基的第二个键,m是整数0。
摘要:
The present invention is related to a novel intermediates and processes which are useful in the preparation of certain antihistaminic piperidine derivatives of the formula wherein W represents —C(═O)— or —CH(OH)—; R1 represents hydrogen or hydroxy; R2 represents hydrogen; R1 and R2 taken together form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2; n is an integer of from 1 to 5; m is an integer 0 or 1; R3 is —COOH or —COOalkyl wherein the alkyl moiety has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and is straight or branched; each of A is hydrogen or hydroxy; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and individual optical isomers thereof, with the proviso that where R1 and R2 are taken together to form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2 or where R1 represented hydroxy, m is an integer 0.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种新的中间体和方法,其可用于制备W代表-C(= O) - 或-CH(OH) - 的某些抗组胺型哌啶衍生物; R 1表示氢或羟基; R 2表示氢 R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间的第二个键; n是1至5的整数; m是整数0或1; R 3是-COOH或-COO烷基,其中烷基部分具有 1至6个碳原子,为直链或支链; A为氢或羟基; 其药学上可接受的盐和单独的光学异构体,条件是其中R 1和R 2一起形成在具有R 1和R 2的碳原子之间或其中R 1表示羟基的第二个键,m是整数0。
摘要:
An electrochemical fuel cell having a membrane electrode assembly and a layer of an electrically conductive porous material adjacent thereto which has at least two portions with different mean pore sizes, wherein a first portion of the layer adjacent to the membrane electrode assembly has a porosity no greater than a second portion of the layer adjacent to the opposite side of the layer; the second portion has a porosity of at least about 82 percent; and the second portion has an mean pore size which is at least about 10 microns and at least ten times greater than the mean pore size of the first portion.
摘要:
The selective electrochemical reduction of halogenated 4-aminopicolinic acids is improved by activating the cathode at a final potential from about +1.0 to about +1.8 volts.