公开(公告)号：US20080290259A1

公开(公告)日：2008-11-27

申请号：US11915541

申请日：2006-05-26

申请人： Alan Mathewson ,  John Carlton Jackson

发明人： Alan Mathewson ,  John Carlton Jackson

IPC分类号： H01L31/00

CPC分类号： G01J1/46

摘要： An apparatus for photon counting is disclosed that comprises a sensor element (5) comprising a photon detector (8) and a capacitance (2) for applying a potential difference across the detector (8). The apparatus also comprises switching circuitry (6) for connecting the sensor element (5) operatively to a voltage source (4) during a refresh period to charge the capacitance (2) to achieve a predetermined potential difference across the detector (8) above a threshold value, and for substantially isolating the sensor element (5) from the voltage source (4) during a sensing period in which the charged capacitance (2) maintains a potential difference across the detector (8) above the threshold value and in which the detection of a photon by the detector (8) causes at least some of the charge on the capacitance (2) to discharge through the detector (8). The apparatus also comprises control circuitry (12) for controlling the switching circuitry (6) to initiate refresh and sensing periods in alternating sequence. In one aspect, the control circuitry (12) is adapted to control the switching circuitry (6) to initiate successive refresh periods at predetermined intervals.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于光子计数的装置，其包括包括光子检测器（8）和用于在检测器（8）上施加电位差的电容（2））的传感器元件（5）。 该装置还包括用于在刷新周期期间将传感器元件（5）可操作地连接到电压源（4）的开关电路（6），以对电容（2）充电以在检测器（8）上方超过一个 并且用于在感测周期期间将传感器元件（5）与电压源（4）基本隔离，其中充电电容（2）将检测器（8）上的电位差保持在阈值以上，并且其中 由检测器（8）检测光子使得电容（2）上的至少一些电荷通过检测器（8）放电。 该装置还包括用于控制切换电路（6）以交替顺序启动刷新和感测周期的控制电路（12）。 在一个方面，控制电路（12）适于控制切换电路（6）以预定的间隔发起连续的刷新周期。

公开(公告)号：US20060223217A1

公开(公告)日：2006-10-05

申请号：US10556460

申请日：2004-05-14

申请人： John Jackson ,  John Alderman ,  Alan Mathewson

发明人： John Jackson ,  John Alderman ,  Alan Mathewson

IPC分类号： H01L21/00

CPC分类号： H01L31/107

摘要： The invention provides a method of manufacturing an avalanche diode comprising the steps of applying a mask (6) over an active diode region (5) in a wafer (1), and damaging the region the surrounding the active diode region by breaking bonds in the semiconductor lattice to provide gettering sites in this surrounding region.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种制造雪崩二极管的方法，包括以下步骤：在晶片（1）上的有源二极管区域（5）上施加掩模（6），并且通过断开所述有源二极管区域 半导体晶格，以在这个周边地区提供吸气点。

公开(公告)号：US08017900B2

公开(公告)日：2011-09-13

申请号：US11915541

申请日：2006-05-26

申请人： Alan Mathewson ,  John Carlton Jackson

发明人： Alan Mathewson ,  John Carlton Jackson

IPC分类号： H01J40/14 ,  H03K17/78 ,  H04N3/14 ,  H01L31/062

CPC分类号： G01J1/46

摘要： An apparatus for photon counting is disclosed that comprises a sensor element (5) comprising a photon detector (8) and a capacitance (2) for applying a potential difference across the detector (8). The apparatus also comprises switching circuitry (6) for connecting the sensor element (5) operatively to a voltage source (4) during a refresh period to charge the capacitance (2) to achieve a predetermined potential difference across the detector (8) above a threshold value, and for substantially isolating the sensor element (5) from the voltage source (4) during a sensing period in which the charged capacitance (2) maintains a potential difference across the detector (8) above the threshold value and in which the detection of a photon by the detector (8) causes at least some of the charge on the capacitance (2) to discharge through the detector (8). The apparatus also comprises control circuitry (12) for controlling the switching circuitry (6) to initiate refresh and sensing periods in alternating sequence. In one aspect, the control circuitry (12) is adapted to control the switching circuitry (6) to initiate successive refresh periods at predetermined intervals.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于光子计数的装置，其包括包括光子检测器（8）和用于在检测器（8）上施加电位差的电容（2））的传感器元件（5）。 该装置还包括用于在刷新周期期间将传感器元件（5）可操作地连接到电压源（4）的开关电路（6），以对电容（2）充电以在检测器（8）上方超过一个 并且用于在感测周期期间将传感器元件（5）与电压源（4）基本隔离，其中充电电容（2）将检测器（8）上的电位差保持在阈值以上，并且其中 由检测器（8）检测光子使得电容（2）上的至少一些电荷通过检测器（8）放电。 该装置还包括用于控制切换电路（6）以交替顺序启动刷新和感测周期的控制电路（12）。 在一个方面，控制电路（12）适于控制切换电路（6）以预定的间隔发起连续的刷新周期。

公开(公告)号：US20080258086A1

公开(公告)日：2008-10-23

申请号：US11661923

申请日：2005-08-22

申请人： Alan Mathewson ,  John Alderman ,  John Carlton Jackson

发明人： Alan Mathewson ,  John Alderman ,  John Carlton Jackson

IPC分类号： G01N23/00

CPC分类号： G01N21/6454

摘要： An optical detector (1) acts as a modular detection unit. It may for example be mounted on a separate micro-fluidic device (2) for detection of species within a channel (3) of the device (2). The detector (1) has mounting lugs (4) for mounting on the micro-fluidic device (2) for exact registry with the channel (3). A substrate (15) is folded over at a flexible part (25) through 180° and, at the top, supports a vertical emitting laser device (16). The lower branch of the substrate (15) supports an integrated circuit photo-diode array sensor (17) having chip bumps (18). The substrate (15) also supports emitter drive circuitry (26) and detector circuitry (27). The sensor (17) is a silicon integrated circuit, having an array of integrated photo-diodes (17(a)) in a silicon wafer (17(b)). There is a vertical through-hole (17(c)) in the wafer, to act as a guide for incident radiation emitted by the emitter (16) (arrows IR). Because of the single folded-over substrate arrangement the emitter 16 can be particularly easily and accurately aligned with the guide aperture 17(c).

摘要翻译： 光检测器（1）用作模块化检测单元。 其可以例如安装在单独的微流体装置（2）上，用于检测装置（2）的通道（3）内的物种。 检测器（1）具有用于安装在微流体装置（2）上用于与通道（3）精确对准的安装凸耳（4）。 衬底（15）在柔性部分（25）上折叠180°，并且在顶部支撑垂直发射激光装置（16）。 基板（15）的下部分支撑着具有芯片凸块（18）的集成电路光电二极管阵列传感器（17）。 衬底（15）还支持发射极驱动电路（26）和检测器电路（27）。 传感器（17）是在硅晶片（17（b））中具有集成光电二极管阵列（17（a））的硅集成电路。 在晶片中存在垂直通孔（17（c）），以用作由发射器（16）发射的入射辐射（箭头IR）的引导件。 由于单个折叠的基板布置，发射器16可以特别容易且精确地与引导孔17（c）对准。

公开(公告)号：US07341921B2

公开(公告)日：2008-03-11

申请号：US10556460

申请日：2004-05-14

申请人： John Carlton Jackson ,  John Alderman ,  Alan Mathewson

发明人： John Carlton Jackson ,  John Alderman ,  Alan Mathewson

IPC分类号： H01L21/20 ,  H01L31/72 ,  H01L31/328

CPC分类号： H01L31/107

摘要： The invention provides a method of manufacturing an avalanche diode comprising the steps of applying a mask (6) over an active diode region (5) in a wafer (1), and damaging the region the surrounding the active diode region by breaking bonds in the semiconductor lattice to provide gettering sites in this surrounding region.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种制造雪崩二极管的方法，包括以下步骤：在晶片（1）上的有源二极管区域（5）上施加掩模（6），并且通过断开所述有源二极管区域 半导体晶格，以在这个周边地区提供吸气点。

公开(公告)号：US06310799B2

公开(公告)日：2001-10-30

申请号：US09742214

申请日：2000-12-22

申请人： Russell Duane ,  Alan Mathewson ,  Ann Concannon

发明人： Russell Duane ,  Alan Mathewson ,  Ann Concannon

IPC分类号： G11C1100

CPC分类号： G11C11/39 ,  G11C5/142 ,  G11C2211/5614

摘要： A negative resistance device (NRD) has a MOSFET-like structure, and is biased by shorting the gate and source together at a fixed applied potential and applying a different fixed potential to the drain, and sweeping the bulk potential towards the drain potential, causing the bulk current to exhibit a negative resistance characteristic. The NRD may be used in a memory circuit (10) in which a resistor (R) is connected between the bulk (2) and a fixed potential. Two States of the circuit at which the current through the resistor matches that through the bulk of the NRD are stable, providing for bistable memory operation.

摘要翻译： 负电阻器件（NRD）具有MOSFET状结构，并且通过以固定的施加电位将栅极和源极短路并且向漏极施加不同的固定电位并且将漏极电荷扫过漏极电位而被偏置，导致 体积电流呈现负电阻特性。 NRD可以用在其中电阻器（R）连接在本体（2）和固定电位之间的存储器电路（10）中。 通过电阻器的电流与通过NRD的大部分匹配的电路的两个状态是稳定的，提供双稳态存储器操作。