公开(公告)号：US06475362B1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-05

申请号：US09454094

申请日：1999-12-03

Applicant: Vera Gorfinkel ,  Mikhail Gouzman ,  Luryi Serge

Inventor： Vera Gorfinkel ,  Mikhail Gouzman ,  Luryi Serge

IPC: G01N2726

CPC classification number: G01N27/44743

Abstract: A novel method of spatial compression of a DNA sample inside the capillary for the gel capillary electrophoresis and an article for operating the method are disclosed. In this method, after the electrokinetic injection, the sample is compressed using the reverse electric field. A special DNA barrier material is used to contain the sample in the capillary. We expect that this Electro Static Compression (ESC) can increase the DNA concentration in the capillary by orders of magnitude. In the proposed method and article the injection and compression of the DNA sample are followed by subsequent electrophoretic separation in any kind of sequencing container (for instance glass capillary). The use of the ESC method will allow the increase of the length and the quality of the read, as well as reduction of the DNA consumption. ESC method will also permit the use of low power illumination sources including miniature and inexpensive light emitting diodes (LED) instead of the Ar-ion laser for exciting fluorescent labels in 4-color DNA sequencing.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于凝胶毛细管电泳的毛细管内的DNA样品的空间压缩的新颖方法和用于操作该方法的制品。 在该方法中，在电动注射后，使用反电场对样品进行压缩。 使用特殊的DNA屏障材料来容纳毛细管中的样品。 我们预计这种静电压缩（ESC）可以增加毛细管中的DNA浓度数量级。 在所提出的方法和文章中，DNA样品的注射和压缩之后随后在任何种类的测序容器（例如玻璃毛细管）中进行电泳分离。 使用ESC方法将允许读取的长度和质量的增加以及DNA消耗的减少。 ESC方法还将允许使用低功率照明源，包括微型和廉价的发光二极管（LED），而不是Ar-ion激光器用于激发4色DNA测序中的荧光标记。

公开(公告)号：US06471841B1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-29

申请号：US09613962

申请日：2000-07-11

Applicant: Theo T. Nikiforov ,  Sang Jeong

Inventor： Theo T. Nikiforov ,  Sang Jeong

IPC: G01N2726

CPC classification number: B01L3/502746 ,  B01D61/56 ,  B01J2219/00853 ,  B01J2219/00891 ,  B01L3/50273 ,  B01L2300/0816 ,  B01L2400/0418 ,  B01L2400/0421 ,  B01L2400/084 ,  G01N27/44747 ,  G01N27/44752 ,  Y10S366/02

Abstract: The present invention generally provides methods for enhancing transport and direction of materials in fluidic systems, which systems utilize electroosmotic (E/O) flow systems, to affect that transport and direction. The methods generally comprise providing an effective concentration of at least one zwitterionic compound in the fluid containing the material that is to be transported or directed.

Abstract translation: 本发明通常提供用于增强流体系统中材料的运输和方向的方法，该系统利用电渗（E / O）流系统来影响该输送和方向。 所述方法通常包括在含有待运输或定向的材料的流体中提供至少一种两性离子化合物的有效浓度。

公开(公告)号：US06454922B1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-24

申请号：US09602402

申请日：2000-06-23

Applicant: Kirk R. Weisbrod

Inventor： Kirk R. Weisbrod

IPC: G01N2726

CPC classification number: G01N17/02 ,  G01N17/002 ,  G01N27/041

Abstract: A corrosion test cell for evaluating corrosion resistance in fuel cell bipolar plates is described. The cell has a transparent or translucent cell body having a pair of identical cell body members that seal against opposite sides of a bipolar plate. The cell includes an anode chamber and an cathode chamber, each on opposite sides of the plate. Each chamber contains a pair of mesh platinum current collectors and a catalyst layer pressed between current collectors and the plate. Each chamber is filled with an electrolyte solution that is replenished with fluid from a much larger electrolyte reservoir. The cell includes gas inlets to each chamber for hydrogen gas and air. As the gases flow into a chamber, they pass along the platinum mesh, through the catalyst layer, and to the bipolar plate. The gas exits the chamber through passageways that provide fluid communication between the anode and cathode chambers and the reservoir, and exits the test cell through an exit port in the reservoir. The flow of gas into the cell produces a constant flow of fresh electrolyte into each chamber. Openings in each cell body is member allow electrodes to enter the cell body and contact the electrolyte in the reservoir therein. During operation, while hydrogen gas is passed into one chamber and air into the other chamber, the cell resistance is measured, which is used to evaluate the corrosion properties of the bipolar plate.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于评估燃料电池双极板中的耐腐蚀性的腐蚀测试电池。 电池具有透明或半透明的电池体，其具有密封双极板的相对侧的一对相同的电池体部件。 电池包括阳极室和阴极室，每个阳极室和阴极室在板的相对侧上。 每个室包含一对网状铂集电体和在集电体和板之间压制的催化剂层。 每个室充满电解质溶液，该溶液用来自更大电解质储存器的流体补充。 电池包括用于氢气和空气的每个室的气体入口。 当气体流入室中时，它们沿铂网通过催化剂层，并通过双极板。 气体通过在阳极室和阴极室和储存器之间提供流体连通的通道离开室，并通过储存器中的出口离开测试池。 进入电池的气体流向每个室产生恒定的新鲜电解质流。 每个电池体中的开口是允许电极进入电池体并接触其中的蓄电池中的电解质的构件。 在操作过程中，当氢气进入一个室并且空气进入另一个室时，测量电池电阻，用于评估双极板的腐蚀性能。

公开(公告)号：US06451193B1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-17

申请号：US09655593

申请日：2000-09-06

Applicant: George Fernwood ,  Christina Whitman ,  Adriana J. Harbers ,  Evelio Perez

Inventor： George Fernwood ,  Christina Whitman ,  Adriana J. Harbers ,  Evelio Perez

IPC: G01N2726

CPC classification number: G01N27/44704 ,  G01N27/44782

Abstract: Electrophoresis is performed simultaneously in a multitude of slab gels in a single cell that supports the slab gels vertically and parallel to each other while immersed in a buffer solution, and that applies a voltage to all gels simultaneously through a single pair of plate electrodes. Temperature control is achieved by circulating the buffer solution upward through the cell, entering near the base of each slab gel and leaving near the top, and cooling the circulating buffer solution with a tube heat exchanger positioned on the floor of the cell.

Abstract translation: 在单个电池中同时进行电泳，同时在浸入缓冲溶液中时将板状凝胶垂直并相互平行地支撑，并且通过一对板电极同时施加电压给所有凝胶。 通过将缓冲溶液向上循环通过电池进入温度控制，进入靠近每个板状凝胶的底部并靠近顶部，并且通过位于电池底部的管式热交换器冷却循环缓冲溶液来实现。

公开(公告)号：US06444173B1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-03

申请号：US09351207

申请日：1999-07-09

Applicant: Walter Paul Sjursen ,  Kerry Dennis O'Mara

Inventor： Walter Paul Sjursen ,  Kerry Dennis O'Mara

IPC: G01N2726

CPC classification number: B01L3/0268 ,  B01L3/5025 ,  B01L3/50273 ,  B01L3/502738 ,  B01L2200/027 ,  B01L2200/143 ,  B01L2300/0645 ,  B01L2300/0829 ,  B01L2300/0887 ,  B01L2400/0415 ,  B01L2400/0487 ,  B01L2400/0688 ,  F16K99/0001 ,  F16K99/0017 ,  F16K99/0042 ,  F16K2099/0074 ,  F16K2099/0076 ,  F16K2099/008 ,  F16K2099/0084

Abstract: A microfluidic device has a layer with a capillary break formed by a capillary sluice. The capillary sluice has a lower surface and an upper surface. A first electrode is disposed on the lower surface. The first electrode is coupled to the voltage source. A second electrode spaced a predetermined distance from the first electrode is coupled to the voltage source. A controller may be used to control the voltage applied to the electrodes. The controller may alter the operation of the microfluidic chip in response to fluid sensed at the electrodes.

Abstract translation: 微流体装置具有由毛细管闸板形成的具有毛细管断裂的层。 毛细管闸门具有下表面和上表面。 第一电极设置在下表面上。 第一电极耦合到电压源。 与第一电极隔开预定距离的第二电极耦合到电压源。 可以使用控制器来控制施加到电极的电压。 响应于在电极处感测的流体，控制器可以改变微流体芯片的操作。

公开(公告)号：US06444106B1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-03

申请号：US09350762

申请日：1999-07-09

Applicant: Sterling Eduard Mcbride ,  Satyam Choudary Cherukuri ,  Pamela Kay York

Inventor： Sterling Eduard Mcbride ,  Satyam Choudary Cherukuri ,  Pamela Kay York

IPC: G01N2726

CPC classification number: F16K99/0017 ,  B01L3/0241 ,  B01L3/50273 ,  B01L3/502738 ,  B01L2200/143 ,  B01L2300/0645 ,  B01L2300/0816 ,  B01L2300/0829 ,  B01L2300/0874 ,  B01L2400/0406 ,  B01L2400/0415 ,  B01L2400/0688 ,  F16K99/0001 ,  F16K99/0042 ,  F16K2099/0074 ,  F16K2099/0076 ,  F16K2099/0084

Abstract: A microfluidic device has a layer that has a capillary break formed by a capillary sluice. The capillary sluice has a lower surface and an upper surface. An input channel is coupled to the capillary break. A first electrode is disposed proximate the lower surface. The first electrode is coupled to the voltage source. A second electrode is spaced a first predetermined distance from the first electrode coupled to the voltage source. A third electrode is spaced apart from the second electrode and positioned within the input channel from the first electrode coupled to the voltage source.

Abstract translation: 微流体装置具有由毛细管闸板形成的毛细管断裂的层。 毛细管闸门具有下表面和上表面。 输入通道耦合到毛细管断裂。 第一电极靠近下表面设置。 第一电极耦合到电压源。 第二电极与耦合到电压源的第一电极间隔开第一预定距离。 第三电极与第二电极间隔开并且定位在与第一电极耦合到电压源的输入通道内。

公开(公告)号：US06440285B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-27

申请号：US09319172

申请日：1999-08-02

Applicant: Günter Fuhr

Inventor： Günter Fuhr

IPC: G01N2726

CPC classification number: G05D3/12 ,  C12M33/00

Abstract: In a method for positioning or controlling the motion of an object in a multi-electrode arrangement for forming a field cage, the basic potentials for driving the electrodes are modulated with drive potentials in such a way that the object position in the field cage changes in relation to a predetermined position or path. A device for arranging objects at predetermined positions in a multi-electrode arrangement has a switching device by which basic potentials, produced by generator means, can be modulated according to predetermined drive potentials (FIG. 1).

Abstract translation: 在用于定位或控制用于形成场笼的多电极装置中的物体的运动的方法中，用驱动电位调制用于驱动电极的基本电位，使得场笼中的物体位置变化 与预定位置或路径的关系。 用于在多电极布置中的预定位置处布置物体的装置具有开关装置，通过该开关装置可以根据预定的驱动电位（图1）调制由发电装置产生的基本电位。

公开(公告)号：US06440284B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-27

申请号：US09466106

申请日：1999-12-17

Applicant: Robert S. Dubrow

Inventor： Robert S. Dubrow

IPC: G01N2726

CPC classification number: G01N27/44747 ,  G01N27/44752 ,  G01N27/44791

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of electrophoretically separating macromolecular species, as well as compositions and systems useful in carrying out such methods. Specifically, the methods of the present invention comprise providing a substrate that has at least a first capillary channel disposed therein. The surface of the channel has a first surface charge associated therewith, and is filled with a water soluble surface adsorbing polymer solution that bears a net charge that is the same as the charge on the capillary surface.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了电泳分离大分子物种的方法，以及用于实施这些方法的组合物和系统。 具体地，本发明的方法包括提供至少具有设置在其中的第一毛细通道的基底。 通道的表面具有与之相关的第一表面电荷，并填充有水溶性表面吸附聚合物溶液，其具有与毛细管表面上的电荷相同的净电荷。

公开(公告)号：US06440283B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-27

申请号：US09453283

申请日：1999-12-02

Applicant: Meilin Liu

Inventor： Meilin Liu

IPC: G01N2726

CPC classification number: G01N27/4071

Abstract: An emission control system for determining a concentration of oxygen in a flow of gas which has a sensor. The sensor has a diffusion barrier, an electrolyte material, and a counter-electrode. The counter-electrode is configured to support the diffusion barrier, and the electrolyte material is disposed between the diffusion barrier and the counter-electrode.

Abstract translation: 一种用于确定具有传感器的气体流中的氧浓度的排放控制系统。 该传感器具有扩散阻挡层，电解质材料和对电极。 对电极被配置为支撑扩散阻挡层，并且电解质材料设置在扩散阻挡层和对电极之间。

公开(公告)号：US06413400B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-02

申请号：US09479503

申请日：2000-01-07

Applicant: David S. Soane ,  Zoya M. Soane

Inventor： David S. Soane ,  Zoya M. Soane

IPC: G01N2726

CPC classification number: B01D57/02 ,  B01F13/0059 ,  B01F13/0076 ,  B01J19/0093 ,  B01J2219/00853 ,  B01J2219/00912 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C07K1/26 ,  G01N27/44752 ,  G01N27/44773 ,  G03F7/0002

Abstract: Devices and methods are disclosed for moving charged molecules through a medium by the application of a plurality of electrical fields of sufficient strength and applied for sufficient amounts of time so as to move the charged molecules through the medium. The devices although preferably small in size, preferably generate large numbers (100 or more) of electrical fields to a movement area which preferably contains a liquid buffered or gel medium. Mixtures of charged molecules are pulled through the gel by the force of the electrical fields. The fields are preferably activated simultaneously or sequentially one after another at various speeds to create complex force field distributions or moving field waves along the separation medium. Charged molecules capable of moving quickly through the gel will be moved along by the faster moving field waves and be separated from slower moving molecules. The fields can be activated by computer software and can be used to move molecules away from and toward each other to obtain rapid and complex chemical synthesis, sequencing or reaction protocols.

Abstract translation: 公开的装置和方法用于通过施加足够强度的多个电场来移动带电分子通过介质，并施加足够的时间，以使带电分子移动通过介质。 尽管尺寸优选小的装置优选地对于优选含有液体缓冲或凝胶介质的运动区域产生大量（100个或更多个）电场。 带电分子的混合物被电场的力拉入凝胶。 这些场优选地以各种速度一个接一个地同时或顺序地被激活，以产生沿着分离介质的复数的力场分布或移动的场波。 能够快速移动通过凝胶的带电分子将沿着更快的移动场波移动并与较慢的移动分子分离。 这些领域可以通过计算机软件激活，并且可以用于将分子移开和相互移动，以获得快速和复杂的化学合成，测序或反应方案。