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    Response-based cryptography using physical unclonable functions
    83.
    发明授权
    Response-based cryptography using physical unclonable functions 有权

    公开(公告)号：US11477039B2

    公开(公告)日：2022-10-18

    申请号：US16598985

    申请日：2019-10-10

    Applicant: Arizona Board of Regents on Behalf of Northern Arizona University

    Inventor： Bertrand F Cambou ,  Christopher R Philabaum ,  Dennis D Booher

    IPC: H04L9/32 ,  H04L9/08 ,  H04L9/06 ,  H04L9/30 ,  H04L9/00

    Abstract: Systems and methods of authentication and encrypted communication between a server and client devices using independently-generated shared encryptions keys are disclosed. Client devices with arrays of physical-unclonable-function devices are respond to challenges from a server. Characteristics of the arrays are stored by the server during a secure enrollment process. Subsequently, the server issues challenges to the clients. The clients derive encryption keys from their responses to those challenges generated by the clients from characteristics of portions of the arrays specified by the challenges. The clients send messages encrypted with the client-generated encryption keys to the server. The server uses the stored characteristics to independently reproduce the client-generated encryption key. When the server-generated encryption key matches the client-generated key, the clients may be authenticated and the clients can communicate securely with the server without exchanging encryption keys. Ternary PUF characterization schemes may be used to achieve acceptable authentication error rates.

    ERROR CORRECTING SCHEMES FOR KEYLESS ENCRYPTION
    84.
    发明申请
    ERROR CORRECTING SCHEMES FOR KEYLESS ENCRYPTION 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20220217003A1

    公开(公告)日：2022-07-07

    申请号：US17542118

    申请日：2021-12-03

    Applicant: Arizona Board of Regents on Behalf of Northern Arizona University

    Inventor： Bertrand F Cambou ,  Fatemeh Afghah ,  Sareh Assiri ,  Ashwija Korenda

    IPC: H04L9/32 ,  H04L9/08

    Abstract: Systems and methods of correcting errors in encrypted communication between a server and client devices using keyless encryption schemes are disclosed. Client devices with arrays of physical-unclonable-function devices respond to challenges from a server. Characteristics of the arrays are stored by the server during a secure enrollment process. To send an encrypted message, the server generates a message digest, extracts data from the stored arrays on the basis of the message digest, applies error correction codes to the message, encrypts the message with the extracted data, and sends the message to a client. The server may receive a handshake containing all or part of the message digest, measures its PUF, and decrypts and decodes the message.

    TRUE RANDOM NUMBER GENERATION FROM PRE-FORMED RERAM ARRAYS
    85.
    发明申请
    TRUE RANDOM NUMBER GENERATION FROM PRE-FORMED RERAM ARRAYS 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20220197599A1

    公开(公告)日：2022-06-23

    申请号：US17559454

    申请日：2021-12-22

    Applicant: Arizona Board of Regents on Behalf of Northern Arizona University

    Inventor： Bertrand F. Cambou ,  Sareh Assiri ,  Michael L. Garrett ,  Saloni Jain ,  Michael Partridge

    IPC: G06F7/58 ,  G11C13/00

    Abstract: The use of pre-formed arrays of memristors such as ReRAMs for true random number generation is disclosed. The method exploits the natural randomness in the large stochastic cell-to-cell variations in resistance values at low injected current in the pre-formed range. This novel TRNG scheme can be designed with three interconnected blocks: i) a pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) that is acting as an extended output function (XOF) to generate a stream of addresses pointing randomly at the array of ReRAM cells; ii) a method to read the resistance values of these cells at low injected current and convert the values in a stream of random bits; and, if needed, iii) methods to further enhance the randomness of this stream such as, but not limited to, mathematical, Boolean, and cryptographic algorithms.

    Native ternary random numbers generation
    88.
    发明授权
    Native ternary random numbers generation 有权

    公开(公告)号：US11294639B2

    公开(公告)日：2022-04-05

    申请号：US16492581

    申请日：2018-07-27

    Applicant: Arizona Board of Regents on Behalf of Northern Arizona University

    Inventor： Bertrand Francis Cambou

    IPC: G06F7/58 ,  G06F7/49 ,  H04L9/32

    Abstract: A system and method for random number generation are presented. A plurality of parameter values are generated by inspecting a plurality of cells in a memory array. Each parameter value in the plurality of parameter values is associated with a cell of the plurality of cells. A plurality of unstable cells in the plurality of cells are identified. Each unstable cell in the plurality of unstable cells is associated with a parameter value within a threshold value of an average of the plurality of parameter values. First, second and third groups of cells in the plurality of unstable cells identified and associated with values. The groups are determined based upon the parameter values associated with the cells in each group. A data stream is generated using the first group of cells, the second group of cells, and the third group of cells.

    PUF-based key generation for cryptographic schemes
    89.
    发明授权
    PUF-based key generation for cryptographic schemes 有权

    公开(公告)号：US11283633B2

    公开(公告)日：2022-03-22

    申请号：US16818807

    申请日：2020-03-13

    Applicant: Arizona Board of Regents on Behalf of Northern Arizona University

    Inventor： Bertrand F Cambou

    IPC: H04K1/00 ,  H04L9/00 ,  H04L9/08 ,  H04L9/28 ,  H04L9/32

    Abstract: Systems and methods for secure communication between devices where one device has a physical unclonable function (“PUF”) array of PUF devices and another device stores data representing characteristics of the PUF array include encryption schemes using repeated application of one-way cryptographic functions to message segments. The devices transmit or receive a processing instruction used to determined PUF devices whose measured characteristics are used to derive encryption keys. Messages are segmented and message information is securely transmitted by repeatedly application of a suitable one-way cryptographic function to each message segment where the number of applications of the function is determined by each message segment. Because both devices may independently generate the same encryption keys (including “public” keys which otherwise would need to be exchanged or published) by either measuring the PUF devices or retrieving data representing characteristics of the PUF devices, communications overhead is reduced and security is improved.

    EXOSKELETON DEVICE
    90.
    发明申请
    EXOSKELETON DEVICE 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20220079833A1

    公开(公告)日：2022-03-17

    申请号：US17534891

    申请日：2021-11-24

    Applicant: Arizona Board of Regents on Behalf of Northern Arizona University

    Inventor： Zachary F LERNER

    IPC: A61H3/00 ,  G08B7/06 ,  H04R1/10 ,  A61H1/02

    Abstract: An exoskeleton device is provided herein that includes a control unit having at least one actuator. A transmission assembly operably couples the control unit to a hinged assembly. A sensor is coupled to the hinged assembly and is configured to acquire data in reference to use of the hinged assembly. The exoskeleton device also includes a feedback modality. A controller is in communication with the sensor and feedback modality. The controller is configured to activate the feedback modality based on a measured performance metric that is determined from the acquired data.

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