公开(公告)号：US5376764A

公开(公告)日：1994-12-27

申请号：US144205

申请日：1993-10-27

申请人： Dale J. Retter ,  Anthony J. Van Zeeland

发明人： Dale J. Retter ,  Anthony J. Van Zeeland

IPC分类号： H01H3/46 ,  H01H5/02 ,  H01H13/46 ,  H01H21/22 ,  H03K17/968 ,  H03K17/97 ,  H01H1/24

CPC分类号： H01H13/46 ,  H03K17/968 ,  H03K17/97 ,  H01H21/22 ,  H01H3/46 ,  H01H5/02

摘要： A three-position floating beam armature switch includes a hollow housing, in which a floating beam armature is resiliently biased toward the closed top of the housing. An operator member is carried by the housing to apply a predetermined force to the armature; so that a first end of the armature initially moves toward the bottom of the housing by pivoting the armature about its second end. Continued application of additional force by the operator member, causes the armature to pivot about the first end; so that the second end then moves toward the bottom of the housing. With both the first and second ends at the bottom of the housing, the third position of the switch is attained. Release of force by the operator member allows the floating beam armature once again to be biased toward the top of the housing to the initial position.

摘要翻译： 三位置浮动电子束电枢开关包括一个中空壳体，浮动梁电枢朝向壳体的封闭顶部弹性偏压。 操作构件由壳体承载以向衔铁施加预定的力; 使得电枢的第一端最初通过围绕其第二端枢转衔铁而朝着壳体的底部移动。 由操作者构件继续施加额外的力使衔铁围绕第一端枢转; 使得第二端然后朝着壳体的底部移动。 当壳体的底部具有第一和第二端时，可以实现开关的第三位置。 由操作员释放力允许浮动梁电枢再一次朝向壳体的顶部偏压到初始位置。

公开(公告)号：US4897544A

公开(公告)日：1990-01-30

申请号：US219542

申请日：1988-06-16

申请人： Katsuo Kobari ,  Yoshitaka Takekoshi ,  Mitsuyuki Taniguchi ,  Hirofumi Kikuchi

发明人： Katsuo Kobari ,  Yoshitaka Takekoshi ,  Mitsuyuki Taniguchi ,  Hirofumi Kikuchi

IPC分类号： G01D5/36 ,  H03K17/968 ,  H03M1/24 ,  H03M1/30

CPC分类号： G01D5/36 ,  H03K17/968 ,  H03M1/303

摘要： A light receiving element (1) and an operation transistor (3) are connected in series, a plurality of signal output transistors (5a, 5b) are current-miller-connected to the operation transistors (3) in parallel, and photoelectrically converted output signals (O.sub.1, O.sub.2) are separately applied to a plurality of circuits in parallel from the plurality of the signal output transistors (5a, 5b). As a result, in the plurality of the circuits which receive the photoelectrically converted output signals (O.sub.1, O.sub.2) in parallel to carry out predetermined processes, interference will not occur, the signals are processed correctly, the power consumption is reduced, and the speed of responsitivity is improved.

公开(公告)号：US4346376B1

公开(公告)日：1988-12-13

申请号：US14071680

申请日：1980-04-16

IPC分类号： G02B6/04 ,  G02B6/28 ,  G06F3/037 ,  H01J29/89 ,  H03K17/968

CPC分类号： H03K17/968 ,  G02B6/2852 ,  G06F3/037 ,  G06F2203/04109 ,  H01J29/892

公开(公告)号：US4401968A

公开(公告)日：1983-08-30

申请号：US221729

申请日：1980-12-31

申请人： Richard H. Shellenberger

发明人： Richard H. Shellenberger

IPC分类号： G01D5/34 ,  H03K17/968 ,  H01C10/38

CPC分类号： G01D5/34 ,  G01D5/345 ,  H03K17/968

摘要： An electro-optical control comprising a housing, a source of light, a photocell, and an endless belt having a substantially planar run manually movable with a finger. The belt has portions of differing light penetrability. Members on the housing guide the belt in an endless path when the one run of the belt is manually moved. The photocell and the light source are positioned interior of and exterior of the belt. Thus, when the belt is moved, the amount of light from the light source which strikes the photocell is varied, controlling the photocell. The control can include a stop member secured to the belt, engageable with the housing to limit the movement of the belt. In an alternative embodiment, the control includes a light source, a pair of photocells positioned substantially side by side and first and second disc-shaped polarizing filters positioned between the light source and the photocells. One filter is manually rotatable. One filter is also divided into two substantially semicircular filter portions whose directions of polarization are perpendicular to each other so that as the rotatable filter is rotated, the amount of light from the source striking one of the photocells is increased and the amount of light striking the other of the photocells is simultaneously decreased. The rotatable filter is controlled through an endless belt. An endless belt can also control for example a linear motion variable resistor or other devices.

摘要翻译： 一种电光控制器，包括壳体，光源，光电管和环形带，其具有手指可手动移动的基本上平面的行程。 皮带具有不同透光性的部分。 当皮带的一个行程被手动移动时，外壳上的构件将带子引导到环形路径中。 光电管和光源位于带的内部和外部。 因此，当皮带移动时，来自光电池的光源的光量变化，控制光电管。 控制器可以包括固定到皮带上的止动件，可与外壳接合以限制皮带的移动。 在替代实施例中，控制器包括光源，基本上并排放置的一对光电池，以及位于光源和光电池之间的第一和第二盘状偏振滤光器。 一个过滤器可手动旋转。 一个滤光器也被分成两个基本上半圆形的滤光器部分，它们的偏振方向彼此垂直，使得随着可旋转滤光片的旋转，来自一个光电池的光源的光量增加， 其他光电池同时减少。 可旋转过滤器通过环形带控制。 环形皮带还可以控制例如线性运动可变电阻器或其他装置。

公开(公告)号：US4284885A

公开(公告)日：1981-08-18

申请号：US29250

申请日：1979-04-12

申请人： Eugene T. Swensen

发明人： Eugene T. Swensen

IPC分类号： G01D5/34 ,  H01L31/16 ,  H03K17/968 ,  G01J1/32

CPC分类号： G01D5/34 ,  H01L31/164 ,  H03K17/968

摘要： An optical potentiometer is disclosed having first and second variably light transmissive windows, a source of light mounted on one side of the windows and corresponding first and second light responsive devices mounted on the other side of the window in such a fashion that only one of the light responsive devices receives energizing light at a time, and a handle for moving first and second variable light transmissive windows past the corresponding first and second light responsive devices. A dwell period may be provided between the times when the first and second light responsive devices receive energizing light.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种光电位计，其具有第一和第二可变透光窗，安装在窗的一侧上的光源和相应的第一和第二光响应装置安装在窗的另一侧，使得只有一个 光响应装置一次接收激励光，以及用于将第一和第二可变透光窗移动通过相应的第一和第二光响应装置的手柄。 可以在第一和第二光响应装置接收激发光的时间之间提供驻留时段。

公开(公告)号：US4105938A

公开(公告)日：1978-08-08

申请号：US716099

申请日：1976-08-20

申请人： Victor M. Mathews, Jr.

发明人： Victor M. Mathews, Jr.

IPC分类号： G01D5/246 ,  G05B11/28 ,  G05G1/02 ,  H03K7/08 ,  H03K17/968 ,  G05B11/01

CPC分类号： G01D5/246 ,  G05B11/28 ,  G05G1/02 ,  H03K17/968 ,  H03K7/08

摘要： An electrical actuator such as a direct current solenoid or motor is energized by a square wave voltage having an amplitude which applies full operating voltage to the actuator during each pulse. The duty cycle of the applied voltage is variable between predetermined minimum and maximum values, the minimum value being sufficiently high to overcome the starting hysteresis of the actuator. The control apparatus has particular application to proportional control systems, such as in the selective operation of dual solenoid, hydraulic control valves. A hand controller is provided with a handle having a center off position and on positions in opposite directions corresponding to the two solenoids. As the handle is moved away from the off position in either direction through an initial, relatively small displacement, a switch is actuated to apply the square wave voltage to the appropriate solenoid. Additional movement by the operator causes the duty cycle to vary from minimum to maximum as desired. The resistance of a phototransistor determines the value of the duty cycle, and is varied by a cam-shaped shutter operated by the controller handle and which is interposed between the phototransistor and a light-emitting diode. The hand controller may be electrically isolated from the actuators through the use of fiber optic light guides to transmit control information. A fail-safe circuit is provided by a missing pulse detector that deenergizes the controlled actuator if a component failure causes a constant driving voltage to be produced.

摘要翻译： 诸如直流电磁线圈或电动机的电致动器由在每个脉冲期间具有施加完整工作电压到致动器的幅度的方波电压激励。 施加电压的占空比可在预定的最小值和最大值之间变化，最小值足够高以克服致动器的起始滞后。 控制装置特别适用于比例控制系统，例如在双电磁阀，液压控制阀的选择性操作中。 手控制器设置有具有中心关闭位置的手柄和对应于两个螺线管的相反方向的位置。 当手柄通过初始的相对小的位移从任一方向移开离开位置时，开关被致动以将方波电压施加到适当的螺线管。 操作者的额外移动使得占空比根据需要从最小值变化到最大值。 光电晶体管的电阻决定了占空比的值，并且由控制器手柄操作的凸轮形快门变化，并且插入在光电晶体管和发光二极管之间。 手控制器可以通过使用光纤光导来与执行器电隔离以传输控制信息。 故障安全电路由缺失的脉冲检测器提供，如果部件故障导致产生恒定的驱动电压，则使受控致动器通电。

公开(公告)号：US4065669A

公开(公告)日：1977-12-27

申请号：US664115

申请日：1976-03-05

申请人： George F. Bogel

发明人： George F. Bogel

IPC分类号： H01H21/28 ,  H01H35/00 ,  H03K17/968 ,  G01D5/34

CPC分类号： H01H21/285 ,  H03K17/968 ,  Y10T307/773

摘要： A limit switch utilizing static components and an infrared light emitting diode in conjunction with a photosensitive transistor. A mechanical shutter is provided for insertion between the diode and transistor to interrupt the infrared link therebetween, this will occur when a predetermined limit is reached by an object which is controlled by the limit switch. The limit switch is of the two terminal type, that is it requires no separate source of power for operation than the power in the line being controlled by the switch. It is adapted for high temperature operation.

摘要翻译： 利用静电元件和红外发光二极管结合光敏晶体管的限位开关。 设置机械快门用于插入二极管和晶体管之间以中断其间的红外线连接，这将在由限位开关控制的物体达到预定极限时发生。 限位开关是两种端子类型，即不需要单独的电源来操作，而是由开关控制的线路中的电源。 适用于高温运行。

公开(公告)号：US3745352A

公开(公告)日：1973-07-10

申请号：US3745352D

申请日：1970-10-21

申请人： LOW G ,  HUTTO R

发明人： LOW G ,  HUTTO R

IPC分类号： H03K17/968 ,  H01J3/14

CPC分类号： H03K17/968

摘要： A mechanically operable solid state switch particularly suited for use in achieving a variable circuit-switching function in an environment wherein ''''bounce'''' and ''''arcing'''' between switch contacts are to be avoided, characterized by an annular array of photo-responsive switching devices, disposed in communication with an included source of radiation, and a plurality of interchangeable, mechanically operable interrupter disks, each having a predetermined pattern of transparent and opaque portions and adapted to be interposed in a masking relationship between the source of radiation and the array of photo-responsive devices, whereby an operative displacement of each disk serves to MAKE and BREAK selected electrical circuits through the photoresponsive devices of said array in sequences dictated by said pattern of the opaque and transparent portions of the interrupter.

公开(公告)号：US3664740A

公开(公告)日：1972-05-23

申请号：US3664740D

申请日：1969-07-10

申请人： ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY

发明人： RICH THEODORE A

IPC分类号： G01N15/06 ,  G01N15/14 ,  H03K5/02 ,  H03K17/78 ,  H03K17/785 ,  H03K17/968 ,  G01N1/00 ,  G01N15/02 ,  G01N21/00

CPC分类号： H03K17/968 ,  G01N15/065 ,  H03K5/02 ,  H03K5/023 ,  H03K17/78 ,  H03K17/785

摘要： A SELF-ADJUSTING DETECTING AND AMPLIFYING CIRCUIT IS DESCRIBED FOR USE WITH ELECTRICALLY OPERABLE DETECTING ELE MENTS SUCH AS A CADMIUM SULPHIDE PHOTO CONDUCTOR FOR SENSING SHORT TERM CHANGES IN A PHYSICAL PHENOMENON SUCH AS A LIGHT PULSE THAT GOES FROM A FIRST CONDITION OR LEVEL OF INTENSITY TO A SECOND DIFFERENT CONDITION OR LEVEL OF INTENSITY AS DISTINGUISHED FROM LONGER TERM CHANGES IN OPERATING CONDITION OF THE DETECTING ELEMENT DUE TO TEMPERATURE EFFECTS, AGING, DUST OR DIRT IN THE OPTICAL PATH TO THE PHOTO CONDUCTOR, ETC. A FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTOR IS CONNECTED IN SERIES CIRCUIT RELATIONSHIP WITH A PHOTO CONDUCTOR DETECTING ELEMENT AND THE SERIES CIRCUIT THUS COMPRISED IS CONNECTED ACROSS A SOURCE OF ELECTRIC ENERGY. AN OUTPUT CIRCUIT IS CONNECTED ACROSS THE PHOTO CONDUCTOR AND IS RESPONSIVE TO BOTH LONG AND SHORT TERM CHANGES IN OPERATING CONDITION OF THE DETECTING ELEMENT. A FEEDBACK CIRCUIT COMPRISING A RESISTOR-CAPACITOR NETWORK HAVING A LONG RC TIME CONSTANT IS COUPLED BETWEEN THE OUTPUT CIRCUIT AND THE INPUT TO THE FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTOR FOR CONTROLLING ITS CONDUCTIVITY. THE FEEDBACK SIGNAL IS ADJUSTED SO AS TO CONTROL THE CONDUCTIVITY OF THE FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTOR IN A MANNER TO MAINTAIN CONSTANT VOLTAGE ACROSS THE PHOT CONDUCTOR DETECTING ELEMENT. AN OUTPUT INDICATING MEANS SUCH AS A METER IS COUPLED ACROSS THE OUTPUT CIRCUIT THROUGH A COUPLING CAPACITOR, PULSED, TRANSIENT COUPLING TRANSFORMER OR THE LIKE AND IS RESPONSIVE SUBSTANTIALLY ONLY TO SHORT TERM CHANGES IN SIGNAL LEVEL. THE D.C. COMPONENT OF THE SIGNAL INCLUDING LONG TERM CHANGES DUE TO UNDESIRED TEMPERATURE EFFECTS, AGING, ETC. IS BLOCKED BY THE COUPLING CAPACITOR, COUPLING TRANSFORMER, OR THE LIKE. BY THIS MEANS, SENSITIVITY FO THE CIRCUIT IS MAINTAINED DESPITE DUST ACCUMULATION OR OTHER UNDESIRED LIGHT PATH MODULATING EFFECTS WITH ONLY A RELATIVELY SIMPLE INEXPENSIVE CIRCUIT.

摘要翻译： 一种由采样电容器和保持电容器组成的测量和保持放大电路，以及第一和第二开关，用于将放大后的待测输出信号从前置放大器的输出传送到采样电容器，然后将保持电容器保持为保持电容器 可以在输出提供合适的指示仪表的场效应晶体管运算放大器的输入端连接。 保持和测量放大电路还包括一个放电电阻器，它间断地以采样电容器的电路关系连接，以便在每个采样操作之间顺序放电;以及一个适当极化的耦合二极管，连接在前置放大器的输出端和第一个开关 该阻塞二极管阻止来自采样电容器的电流反向流入前置放大器的输出端，并防止采样电容器和放电电阻器过度地加载前置放大器的输出。

公开(公告)号：US3439179A

公开(公告)日：1969-04-15

申请号：US3439179D

申请日：1967-10-27

申请人： SHLESINGER JR BERNARD E

发明人： SHLESINGER BERNARD EDWARD JR

IPC分类号： H01H67/26 ,  H03K17/968 ,  H01J39/12

CPC分类号： H03K17/968 ,  H01H67/26