公开(公告)号：US5548611A

公开(公告)日：1996-08-20

申请号：US233734

申请日：1994-05-05

申请人： Michael J. Cusick ,  Michael A. Weinstein ,  Leonard E. Olds

发明人： Michael J. Cusick ,  Michael A. Weinstein ,  Leonard E. Olds

IPC分类号： C22B9/16 ,  B09B3/00 ,  B09C1/06 ,  C03B5/00 ,  C03B5/02 ,  C21B13/12 ,  C22B4/00 ,  C22B7/00 ,  F23G5/00 ,  F23G5/08 ,  F23G5/10 ,  F27D11/08 ,  F27D99/00 ,  H05B7/00 ,  H05H1/26 ,  H05H1/44

CPC分类号： B09B3/0066 ,  B09C1/067 ,  C03B5/005 ,  C03B5/025 ,  C21B13/125 ,  C22B4/005 ,  C22B7/001 ,  F23G5/085 ,  F27D99/0006 ,  H05B7/00 ,  H05H1/44 ,  H05H1/48 ,  F23G2204/201 ,  F27D2099/0031 ,  Y02P10/214 ,  Y02P40/52

摘要： A plasma arc melter which is equipped with at least two transferred arc plasma torches of opposite polarities is used to melt normal batch materials for producing glass, ceramics, refractories and other such materials and for the recycling, combustion and/or vitrifying incineration of waste materials. To enhance the stability of the plasma jets, the anode torch is positioned farther above the surface of the materials being processed than the cathode torch and the materials being processed are introduced into the melter so that the materials first pass beneath the cathode torch. An oxidizing gas can be introduced into the zone between the torches in the region of the plasma jets to enhance the combustion process. For waste materials with a high organic content, a plasma arc afterburner can be used to further treat the exhaust gases from the melter.

摘要翻译： 配备有至少两个具有相反极性的转移电弧等离子体炬的等离子体电弧熔化器用于熔化用于生产玻璃，陶瓷，耐火材料和其它此类材料的正常批料，并用于废料的再循环，燃烧和/或玻璃化焚烧 。 为了提高等离子体射流的稳定性，阳极手电筒比阴极手电筒位于比正在加工的材料表面更远的位置，并且正在处理的材料被引入到熔化器中，使得材料首先经过阴极焊炬。 可以在等离子体射流区域中的炬之间的区域中引入氧化气体以增强燃烧过程。 对于具有高有机含量的废料，可以使用等离子弧补燃剂来进一步处理来自熔化器的废气。

公开(公告)号：US5541386A

公开(公告)日：1996-07-30

申请号：US349884

申请日：1994-12-06

申请人： Obaid U. Alvi ,  Irfan A. Toor

发明人： Obaid U. Alvi ,  Irfan A. Toor

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/19 ,  A62D3/32 ,  A62D3/40 ,  A62D101/20 ,  A62D101/22 ,  B01J19/08 ,  B09C1/06 ,  C03B5/00 ,  C03B5/02 ,  C03B19/10 ,  B23K10/00

CPC分类号： A62D3/40 ,  A62D3/19 ,  B01J19/088 ,  B09C1/06 ,  B09C1/067 ,  C03B19/1045 ,  C03B19/109 ,  C03B5/005 ,  C03B5/025 ,  A62D2101/20 ,  A62D2101/22 ,  A62D2203/02 ,  A62D2203/10 ,  B01J2219/0894 ,  F23G2204/201 ,  Y02P40/52 ,  Y02P40/57 ,  Y10S588/90

摘要： A disposal of waste material including water, volatile components and vitrifiable components, the waste material is heated in a dehydrator to remove the water, heated in a high-temperature dryer to vaporize hydrocarbon liquids, and then fed to the focus point of a primary plasma reactor where plasma arc jets are focused on the surface of a pool of the vitrifiable components. At the focus point the vitrifiable components are melted, and the volatile components are volatized. The melted vitrifiable components are received in a quench chamber where they solidify on a quench roller and are broken into chips and delivered to a receiving area. Heat from the quench chamber is transferred to the dehydrator and high-temperature dryer. The hydrocarbon liquids and volatized components are fed to a secondary plasma reactor where they are disassociated into their elemental components. The effluent from the secondary plasma reactor is scrubbed to remove hydrogen sulfide and halogens, and residual components, together with excess water vapor, are extracted in an absorber and fed back for further processing in the secondary plasma reactor.

摘要翻译： 废弃材料包括水，挥发性组分和可玻璃化组分的废弃物，在脱水器中加热废水，在高温干燥器中加热以蒸发碳氢化合物液体，然后送入初级等离子体的焦点 反应堆，其中等离子体电弧喷射集中在可玻璃化组件的池的表面上。 在焦点处，可玻璃化组分熔化，挥发性组分挥发。 熔化的可玻璃化组件被接收在淬火室中，在骤冷室中，它们在骤冷辊上固化并分解成碎屑并输送到接收区域。 来自骤冷室的热量转移到脱水机和高温干燥器。 碳氢化合物液体和挥发成分进料到二次等离子体反应器中，在其中它们与其元素组分分离。 洗涤来自二次等离子体反应器的流出物以除去硫化氢和卤素，并将剩余组分与过量的水蒸汽一起在吸收器中提取并反馈以在二次等离子体反应器中进一步处理。

公开(公告)号：US5370724A

公开(公告)日：1994-12-06

申请号：US149340

申请日：1993-11-09

申请人： John A. Bitler ,  John P. Baranski

发明人： John A. Bitler ,  John P. Baranski

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/19 ,  A62D3/37 ,  A62D3/40 ,  A62D101/24 ,  A62D101/43 ,  B09B3/00 ,  B09B5/00 ,  B09C1/06 ,  C03B5/00 ,  C03B5/02 ,  C03C1/00 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C22B4/00 ,  C22B4/04 ,  C22B7/00 ,  C22B13/02 ,  H01M10/54 ,  C22B7/04

CPC分类号： A62D3/40 ,  A62D3/19 ,  B09C1/065 ,  B09C1/067 ,  C03B5/005 ,  C03B5/025 ,  C03C1/002 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C22B13/025 ,  C22B4/005 ,  C22B7/001 ,  C22B7/003 ,  H01M10/54 ,  A62D2101/24 ,  A62D2101/43 ,  A62D2203/10 ,  Y02P10/214 ,  Y02P40/52 ,  Y02W30/84

摘要： Lead-contaminated soil and battery casings are remediated using a plasma arc furnace which pyrolyzes the soil and waste battery casings so as to form a vitrified slag and a combustible gas, respectively. The combustible gas along with volatilized lead (and other heavy metals which may be present) are transferred to, and used as a primary fuel by, a conventional smelting furnace. The volatilized lead that is entrained in the combustible gas is thus transferred to the recovery and environmental protection/control equipment associated with the smelting furnace. The soil, on the other hand, is convened into a non-toxic (i.e., according to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure) vitrified slag by the plasma arc which may be crushed and used as a commercial material (e.g., roadway aggregate, asphalt filler material and the like) or simply transferred to a landfill where it poses no environmental threat.

摘要翻译： 铅污染的土壤和电池外壳使用等离子体电弧炉进行修复，该等离子体电弧炉分解土壤和废弃电池外壳，以分别形成玻璃化炉渣和可燃气体。 可燃气体与挥发的铅（和其他可能存在的重金属）一起转移到常规熔炼炉中并用作主要燃料。 因此将夹在可燃性气体中的挥发的铅转移到与冶炼炉相关的回收和环境保护/控制设备。 另一方面，土壤由等离子体电弧组成无毒（即根据毒性特征浸出程序）玻璃化炉渣，其可被粉碎并用作商业材料（例如，道路骨料，沥青填料 材料等），或简单地转移到不产生环境威胁的垃圾填埋场。

公开(公告)号：US5319669A

公开(公告)日：1994-06-07

申请号：US823991

申请日：1992-01-22

申请人： Stephen F. Cox ,  Ray S. Richards

发明人： Stephen F. Cox ,  Ray S. Richards

IPC分类号： C03B5/00 ,  C03B5/027 ,  C03B5/16

CPC分类号： C03B5/26 ,  C03B5/005 ,  C03B5/027 ,  C03B5/16 ,  Y02P40/52

摘要： An apparatus for processing various hazardous waste materials by melting in a vessel for subsequent solidification is disclosed which includes a seal for the cover thereof. Melter includes a high-speed mixing impeller powered by a drive shaft which extends through an opening in the cover. The vessel is electrically heated by discharge of electrical energy through the melt contained in the vessel. In one embodiment the impeller and shaft are included in the electrical heating circuit. A shaft seal engages the shaft at a point spaced from the cover. An axially extensible seal seals a space bounded by the shaft seal and the opening in the cover. Purge gas is supplied to the sealed space to provide positive gas flow from the sealed space into the vessel. A cold wall transport duct for off-gas porting is disclosed. A bottom drain structure including a sleeve and plug is also disclosed. The output of the melter may be subsequently heated in a holding tank to refine the output.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于通过在容器中熔化以用于随后的凝固来处理各种有害废料的装置，其包括用于其盖的密封件。 胶机包括由驱动轴驱动的高速混合叶轮，其延伸穿过盖中的开口。 通过将容纳在容器中的熔体排出电能来对容器进行电加热。 在一个实施例中，叶轮和轴包括在电加热回路中。 轴密封件在与盖隔开的点处接合轴。 轴向可延伸的密封件密封由轴封和盖中的开口限定的空间。 吹扫气体被供应到密封空间，以提供从密封空间进入容器的正气流。 公开了用于废气输送的冷壁输送管道。 还公开了一种包括套管和塞子的底部排水结构。 熔化器的输出可以随后在储存罐中加热以改善输出。

公开(公告)号：US5319176A

公开(公告)日：1994-06-07

申请号：US645127

申请日：1991-01-24

申请人： Obaid U. Alvi ,  Irfan A. Toor

发明人： Obaid U. Alvi ,  Irfan A. Toor

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/19 ,  A62D3/32 ,  A62D3/40 ,  A62D101/20 ,  A62D101/22 ,  B01J19/08 ,  B09C1/06 ,  C03B5/00 ,  C03B5/02 ,  C03B19/10 ,  B23K9/00

CPC分类号： A62D3/40 ,  A62D3/19 ,  B01J19/088 ,  B09C1/06 ,  B09C1/067 ,  C03B19/1045 ,  C03B19/109 ,  C03B5/005 ,  C03B5/025 ,  A62D2101/20 ,  A62D2101/22 ,  A62D2203/02 ,  A62D2203/10 ,  B01J2219/0894 ,  F23G2204/201 ,  Y02P40/52 ,  Y02P40/57 ,  Y10S588/90

摘要： For disposal of waste material including water, volatile components and vitrifiable components, the waste material is heated in a dehydrator to remove the water, heated in a high-temperature dryer to vaporize hydrocarbon liquids, and then fed to the focus point of a primary plasma reactor where plasma arc jets are focused on the surface of a pool of the vitrifiable components. At the focus point the vitrifiable components are melted, and the volatile components are volatized. The melted vitrifiable components are received in a quench chamber where they solidify on a quench roller and are broken into chips and delivered to a receiving area. Heat from the quench chamber is transferred to the dehydrator and high-temperature dryer. The hydrocarbon liquids and volatized components are fed to a secondary plasma reactor where they are disassociated into their elemental components. The effluent from the secondary plasma reactor is scrubbed to remove hydrogen sulfide and halogens, and residual components, together with excess water vapor, are extracted in an absorber and fed back for further processing in the secondary plasma reactor.

摘要翻译： 为了处理包括水，挥发性组分和玻璃化组分在内的废料，将废料在脱水器中加热以除去水，在高温干燥器中加热以蒸发烃类液体，然后进料到初级等离子体的聚焦点 反应堆，其中等离子体电弧喷射集中在可玻璃化组件的池的表面上。 在焦点处，可玻璃化组分熔化，挥发性组分挥发。 熔化的可玻璃化组件被接收在淬火室中，在骤冷室中，它们在骤冷辊上固化并分解成碎屑并输送到接收区域。 来自骤冷室的热量转移到脱水机和高温干燥器。 碳氢化合物液体和挥发成分进料到二次等离子体反应器中，在其中它们与其元素组分分离。 洗涤来自二次等离子体反应器的流出物以除去硫化氢和卤素，并将剩余组分与过量的水蒸气一起提取在吸收器中并反馈以在二次等离子体反应器中进一步处理。

公开(公告)号：US5276253A

公开(公告)日：1994-01-04

申请号：US944890

申请日：1992-09-09

申请人： Louis J. Circeo, Jr. ,  Salvador L. Camacho

发明人： Louis J. Circeo, Jr. ,  Salvador L. Camacho

IPC分类号： B09B1/00 ,  B09C1/06 ,  C03B5/00 ,  C03B5/02 ,  E02D31/00 ,  E02D19/14

CPC分类号： E02D31/00 ,  B09B1/00 ,  B09C1/067 ,  C03B5/005 ,  C03B5/025 ,  B09C2101/00

摘要： A method is disclosed in which a plasma arc torch is used to vitrify and remediate a site containing contaminated soils, resulting from a hazardous material deposit or spill, or contaminated buried objects. The contaminated earthen material or subterranean deposit is pyrolyzed, melted or solidified by the plasma torch which is energized at the bottom of a cased, vertical borehole, and then gradually raised to the surface. An array of boreholes, appropriately spaced, will remediate an entire mass of contaminated material. Similarly, buried objects such as metal drums containing contaminants and underground storage tanks may be selectively remediated at their specific buried depth. Similar use is made of the plasma torch in a second embodiment with the additional step of processing at selected underground locations in the borehole array to create a sealed horizontal layer, vertical cutoff walls or a sealed basin as a barrier against further leaching of contaminants into surrounding soil and groundwater. Gaseous by-products of the pyrolysis process are collected, treated and processed, as appropriate.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种方法，其中使用等离子体电弧焰炬来玻璃化和修复由有害物质沉积物或溢出物或受污染的掩埋物体引起的含有污染土壤的部位。 受污染的土层或地下沉积物被等离子体焰炬热解，熔化或固化，等离子体焰炬在套管垂直钻孔的底部通电，然后逐渐升高到表面。 一系列适当间隔的钻孔将修复整个污染物质。 类似地，可以在其特定的埋深下选择性地修复诸如包含污染物和地下储罐的金属桶等被埋物体。 在第二实施例中类似地使用等离子体焰炬，其中在钻孔阵列中在选定的地下部位处理附加步骤，以形成密封的水平层，垂直切割壁或密封盆，作为防止污染物进一步浸出到周围 土壤和地下水。 酌情收集，处理和加工热解过程的气态副产物。

公开(公告)号：US5179902A

公开(公告)日：1993-01-19

申请号：US879307

申请日：1992-05-07

申请人： Strnad Vojtech

发明人： Strnad Vojtech

IPC分类号： C03B3/02 ,  C03B5/00 ,  C03B5/027 ,  C03B5/033 ,  C03B5/235 ,  C03C1/02

CPC分类号： C03B5/2353 ,  C03B3/02 ,  C03B5/005 ,  C03B5/027 ,  C03B5/033 ,  C03C1/02 ,  Y02P40/55

摘要： For melting an inorganic fiber which is mixed with an organic substance, the inorganic fiber material and organic substance are heated in a furnace to a temperature sufficient for the organic material to combust, and sufficient oxygen enriched gas is fed to the furnace that the combustion of the organic substance produces sufficient heat to melt the inorganic material. The oxygen enriched gas is preferably oxygen enriched air having an oxygen content of at least 40% by volume. It should be fed in sufficient quantity to heat material having an adiabatic temperature of at least 850.degree. C., and preferably 1200.degree. C. which permits the melted inorganic material to freely flow out of the furnace. The oxygen enriched gas is preferably fed to a location adjacent a boundary layer between the melted material and unmelted material on the top thereof.

摘要翻译： 为了熔化与有机物质混合的无机纤维，将无机纤维材料和有机物质在炉中加热至足以使有机材料燃烧的温度，并将足够的富氧气体进料到炉中， 有机物质产生足够的热量来熔化无机材料。 富氧气体优选氧含量至少为40体积％的富氧空气。 应该加入足够量的材料来加热绝热温度至少为850℃，优选1200℃的材料，这允许熔融的无机材料自由地流出炉中。 富氧气体优选地进料到熔融材料和其顶部未熔化材料之间的边界层附近的位置。

公开(公告)号：US5128004A

公开(公告)日：1992-07-07

申请号：US618255

申请日：1990-11-21

申请人： Leonardus M. M. Nevels

发明人： Leonardus M. M. Nevels

IPC分类号： F23J1/00 ,  B09B3/00 ,  C03B5/00 ,  C03B5/04 ,  F23G7/04

CPC分类号： B09C1/067 ,  C03B5/005 ,  C03B5/04 ,  Y02P40/52 ,  Y02P40/58

摘要： A method for processing ash residues and other solide combustion products, derived from combustion of waste materials in furnaces whereby the ash and other combustion products are gradually supplied in a continuous manner into the high side of a glaze-kiln, showing a sloping course, which is heated from its lower side, and are fused and glazed in a continuously proceeding process at high temperatures and a glaze-kiln, useful in this method.

公开(公告)号：US5114456A

公开(公告)日：1992-05-19

申请号：US660028

申请日：1991-02-25

申请人： Siegfried Weisenburger ,  Wolfgang Grunewald ,  Hartmut Seiffert

发明人： Siegfried Weisenburger ,  Wolfgang Grunewald ,  Hartmut Seiffert

IPC分类号： C03B5/00 ,  C03B5/26 ,  G21F9/16

CPC分类号： C03B5/26 ,  C03B5/005

摘要： A discharging device is provided at the bottom of a glass melting furnace. The device includes an inductively heated outlet unit including a compression flange having an inlet opening and an outlet pipe extending from the compression flange to form therewith a unit having a T-shaped cross section. The outlet pipe is penetrated by an outlet channel communicating with the inlet opening. The outlet pipe projects downwardly out of an opening in the furnace. An outlet block is seated on the compression flange and has an outlet channel flush with the inlet opening of the compression flange. An annular supporting flange supports the outlet unit from the bottom against the compression flange, with the annular supporting flange being supported by a bottom carrier plate of the furnace and the outlet pipe of the outlet unit projecting through an opening in the annular supporting flange. A thermal and mechanically deflecting creep barrier is disposed for stopping creep flow of glass melt between the compression flange of the outlet unit and other components of the furnace, including the outlet block, in contact with the compression flange, by freezing the melt and causing a pressure loss in the creep flow with respect to static pressure of the melt in the furnace.

摘要翻译： 在玻璃熔炉的底部设置有排出装置。 该装置包括感应加热的出口单元，其包括具有入口开口的压缩凸缘和从压缩凸缘延伸的出口管，以形成具有T形横截面的单元。 出口管由与入口连通的出口通道穿透。 出口管从炉中的开口向下突出。 出口块位于压缩凸缘上，并且具有与压缩凸缘的入口平齐的出口通道。 环形支撑法兰将底部的出口单元从压缩凸缘支撑，其中环形支撑凸缘由炉底托架支撑，出口单元的出口管通过环形支撑凸缘中的开口突出。 设置热和机械偏转的蠕变屏障，用于阻止玻璃熔体在出口单元的压缩凸缘和炉子的其它部件之间的蠕变流动，包括与压缩凸缘接触的出口块，通过冷冻熔体并引起 相对于炉中熔体的静压，蠕变流中的压力损失。

公开(公告)号：US5112378A

公开(公告)日：1992-05-12

申请号：US660029

申请日：1991-02-25

申请人： Siegfried Weisenburger ,  Wolfgang Grunewald ,  Hartmut Seiffert

发明人： Siegfried Weisenburger ,  Wolfgang Grunewald ,  Hartmut Seiffert

IPC分类号： C03B5/00 ,  C03B5/027 ,  C03B5/26 ,  G21F9/16

CPC分类号： C03B5/005 ,  C03B5/0275 ,  C03B5/26

摘要： A bottom outlet device is provided for a glass melting furnace, with heating of a glass melt being effected to within the temperature range of the electrical conductivity of the melt by way of electrodes disposed in the interior of the furnace and projecting into the melt. An inductively heatable and metallic outlet unit projects from the bottom of the furnace and includes an outlet opening and an interior outlet channel communicating with the outlet opening. An outlet block comprised of ceramic bricks is disposed above the outlet unit and includes a throughgoing channel which opens toward the interior of the furnace and which is flush with the interior outlet channel of the outlet unit. A bottom electrode comprised of metal is disposed at a lowermost portion of the interior of the furnace. The bottom electrode is penetrated by a further channel which is flush with the throughgoing channel in the outlet block and is thereby in communication with the outlet opening of the outlet unit.

摘要翻译： 为玻璃熔炉提供底部出口装置，玻璃熔体的加热通过设置在炉内部并且突出到熔体中的电极在熔体的电导率的温度范围内进行。 电感可加热和金属的出口单元从炉底突出并且包括与出口开口连通的出口开口和内部出口通道。 包括陶瓷砖的出口块设置在出口单元的上方，并且包括通向炉子内部的通道，该通道与出口单元的内部出口通道齐平。 由金属构成的底部电极设置在炉内部的最下部。 底部电极被另外的通道穿透，该通道与出口块中的通道相平齐，从而与出口单元的出口连通。