公开(公告)号：US4859076A

公开(公告)日：1989-08-22

申请号：US196706

申请日：1988-05-20

Applicant: Michael Twerdochlib

Inventor： Michael Twerdochlib

IPC: G01K1/08 ,  G01K3/14

CPC classification number: G01K3/14 ,  G01K1/08

Abstract: A heated, split thermowell comprises a cylindrical shank and integral, axially extending, part-cylindrical probes spaced by at least a first gap defined by a bilateral plane. The thermowell is mounted to the sidewall of a pressure vessel for communicating through a penetration in the sidewall with the fluid state in the pressure vessel. Each probe has at least one parallel axial bore therein, a related, selected pair of probes receiving respective heater and temperature sensing elements in the associated bores, and together functioning as a differential temperature sensor producing distinguishable, differential temperature outputs representative of the fluid condition of steam versus water. Duplex sensor embodiments permit toggling between different, selected such pairs of probes for on-line testing and verification of monitored conditions and operability of the elements and supporting circuits, with automatic substitution of complementary elements in the event of element failure. Each thermowell also permits on-line replacement of a failed element.

Abstract translation: 加热的分离热电偶套管包括圆柱形柄和整体的，轴向延伸的部分圆柱形探针，其间隔至少由双边平面限定的第一间隙。 热电偶套管安装在压力容器的侧壁上，用于通过在压力容器中的流体状态穿过侧壁进行连通。 每个探头具有至少一个平行的轴向孔，相关的选定的一对探针，其在相关联的孔中接收相应的加热器和温度感测元件，一起用作差分温度传感器，用于产生代表蒸汽流体状态的可区别的差分温度输出 与水。 双工允许在不同的选定的这种探针对之间切换，用于在线测试和检测监测的条件以及元件和支持电路的可操作性。 在元件故障的情况下，会自动替换补充元件。 每个热套管也允许在线更换故障元件。 -

公开(公告)号：US4833931A

公开(公告)日：1989-05-30

申请号：US85510

申请日：1987-08-14

Applicant: Michael Twerdochlib

Inventor： Michael Twerdochlib

IPC: F01D21/00 ,  F01D25/00 ,  G01B5/00 ,  G01B7/14 ,  G01H1/00

CPC classification number: G01B5/0014 ,  G01B7/14 ,  G01H1/006

Abstract: A thermally self-adjusting mount for a proximity sensor for detecting movement of a turbine blade tip within a turbine housing includes an elongated chamber in an interior wall of the turbine housing adjacent the path of travel of the turbine blade tip. The chamber is configured to receive a blade tip sensor therein and accommodate relative movement of the sensor toward and away from the path of travel of the blade tip. A thermally expansive element is operable coupled with the sensor for moving the latter in the chamber toward the path of travel of the blade tip upon heating of the sensor. A spring is provided for maintaining the sensor in contact with the thermally expansive element during both expansion and contraction of the latter. The thermally expansive member is capable, upon being heated to any given temperature, of causing movement of the sensor in the chamber and relatively toward the path of travel of the blade tip a distance which is substantially the same as the linear movement of the wall away from the path of travel due to having been heated to the same temperature. Thus, the spatial relationship between the sensor and the path of travel of the blade tip remains the same at different temperatures.

Abstract translation: 用于检测涡轮机壳体内的涡轮机叶片尖端的运动的接近传感器的热自调节安装座包括与涡轮机叶片尖端的行进路径相邻的涡轮机壳体的内壁中的细长室。 腔室被构造成在其中容纳叶片尖端传感器，并且适应传感器朝向和远离叶片尖端行进路径的相对运动。 热膨胀元件可操作地与传感器耦合，用于将腔室中的腔室朝向在传感器加热时的刀片行程的路径移动。 提供弹簧，用于在膨胀和收缩过程中使传感器与热膨胀元件接触。 热膨胀构件在加热到任何给定温度时能够使传感器在腔室中的运动并且相对于叶片尖端的行进路径移动，该距离与壁的线性运动基本相同 由于已经被加热到相同温度的行进路径。 因此，传感器与叶片尖端的行进路径之间的空间关系在不同的温度下保持不变。

公开(公告)号：US4790194A

公开(公告)日：1988-12-13

申请号：US44625

申请日：1987-05-01

Applicant: James C. Bellows ,  Michael Twerdochlib

Inventor： James C. Bellows ,  Michael Twerdochlib

IPC: G01F1/22 ,  G01F1/36 ,  G01F1/42 ,  G01F7/00

CPC classification number: G01F1/363 ,  G01F1/22 ,  G01F1/42 ,  G01F7/00 ,  G01F7/005

Abstract: Fluid flow is determined for a large flow pipe based upon differential pressure across an orifice in the pipe having a known cross-sectional area. In one form, the orifice is variable and adjusted in response to differential pressure so as to maintain differential pressure at a constant value. Flow is determined directly from orifice area. The orifice may be a part of a closed loop flow measurement system which responds to differential pressure changes to adjust orifice area. Various differential pressure settings may be used to accommodate selected back pressures in the flow pipe.

Abstract translation: 基于具有已知横截面积的管中的孔口上的压差来确定大流量管道的流体流动。 在一种形式中，孔是可变的并且响应于压差被调节，以将差压保持在恒定值。 流量从孔面积直接确定。 孔可以是闭环流量测量系统的一部分，其响应差压变化以调节孔面积。 可以使用各种差压设置来适应流管中的选定的背压。

公开(公告)号：US4790189A

公开(公告)日：1988-12-13

申请号：US20827

申请日：1987-03-02

Applicant: Michael Twerdochlib

Inventor： Michael Twerdochlib

IPC: G01H17/00 ,  F01D25/00 ,  G01H1/00 ,  G01M99/00 ,  G01H11/00

CPC classification number: G01H1/006

Abstract: A method is disclosed for eliminating aberrations in position-time data provided by an apparatus which monitors the position of a rotating blade in a turbo machine as a function periodic rotation, the apparatus including at least one sensor adjacent at least one blade position to provide a time signal corresponding to the actual arrival time required for a blade to move from a predetermined position to the at least one sensor position, the aberrations being caused by misalignment or movement of the at least one sensor with respect to a rotating blade. The method comprises the steps of first calculating an average blade arrival time for blade movement from the predetermined position to the at least one sensor position, and then estimating sensor position relative to the predetermined position based on blade velocity and average arrival time. Alternatively, measured displacements between blade position and sensor position at the average blade arrival time may be used to derive a time signal indicative of blade vibration.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于消除由在涡轮机中将旋转叶片的位置监测为功能周期性旋转的装置提供的位置时间数据中的像差的方法，该装置包括至少一个与至少一个叶片位置相邻的传感器，以提供 时间信号对应于叶片从预定位置移动到至少一个传感器位置所需的实际到达时间，像差是由至少一个传感器相对于旋转叶片的不对准或移动引起的。 该方法包括以下步骤：首先计算叶片从预定位置移动到至少一个传感器位置的平均叶片到达时间，然后基于叶片速度和平均到达时间估计相对于预定位置的传感器位置。 或者，可以使用在平均叶片到达时间的叶片位置和传感器位置之间的测量位移来导出指示叶片振动的时间信号。

公开(公告)号：US4676665A

公开(公告)日：1987-06-30

申请号：US864670

申请日：1986-05-19

Applicant: Michael Twerdochlib

Inventor： Michael Twerdochlib

IPC: G01K1/02 ,  G01K11/02 ,  G01K1/12 ,  G01N29/00

CPC classification number: G01K1/024 ,  G01K11/02

Abstract: A liquid-filled tube placed next to a generator winding section provides an indication of an abnormal hot spot which may develop along the winding. The tube is filled with a liquid which vaporizes to form a vapor bubble at the hot spot location. Acoustic energy is projected through the liquid in the tube and is normally received at the distal end of the tube. Presence of a vapor bubble blocks the acoustic propagation and forms a reflective surface for the acoustic energy which then is utilized to calculate distance to the vapor bubble. With a known pressure versus temperature relationship, the pressure of the liquid is controlled such that the hot spot temperature may be determined.

Abstract translation: 放置在发电机绕组部分旁边的充满液体的管提供了可能沿着绕组发展的异常热点的指示。 该管充满液体，其在热点位置蒸发以形成蒸气泡。 声能通过管中的液体投射，并且通常被容纳在管的远端。 蒸汽气泡的存在阻止声传播，并形成声能的反射表面，然后该声能用于计算到蒸气泡的距离。 利用已知的压力对温度关系，控制液体的压力使得可以确定热点温度。

公开(公告)号：US08687175B2

公开(公告)日：2014-04-01

申请号：US13101350

申请日：2011-05-05

Applicant: Evangelos V. Diatzikis ,  Edward D. Thompson ,  Michael Twerdochlib

Inventor： Evangelos V. Diatzikis ,  Edward D. Thompson ,  Michael Twerdochlib

IPC: G01F1/28 ,  G02B6/43

CPC classification number: G01F1/661 ,  G01F1/28 ,  G01P5/02

Abstract: A method is provided for monitoring velocity of a fluid flow through a predetermined fluid flow space. A fiber optic conductor includes a flow measurement portion defining an elongated dimension extending across a portion of the fluid flow space. The fluid flow in the fluid flow space causes the measurement portion of the fiber optic conductor to flex in a direction transverse to the elongated dimension. Optical radiation is supplied to the fiber optic conductor, and optical radiation is received from the fiber optic conductor after the supplied optical radiation has passed through the measurement portion. The received optical radiation is analyzed to effect a determination of a flow velocity of the fluid flow.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于监测流过预定流体流动空间的流体流速的方法。 光纤导体包括限定延伸穿过流体流动空间的一部分的细长尺寸的流量测量部分。 流体流动空间中的流体流动导致光纤导体的测量部分沿横向于细长尺寸的方向弯曲。 向光纤导体提供光辐射，并且在所提供的光辐射已经通过测量部分之后从光纤导体接收光辐射。 分析所接收的光辐射以确定流体流动的流速。

公开(公告)号：US20130115050A1

公开(公告)日：2013-05-09

申请号：US13290297

申请日：2011-11-07

Applicant: Michael Twerdochlib

Inventor： Michael Twerdochlib

IPC: F01D25/00

CPC classification number: F01D21/14 ,  F01D5/26 ,  G01H1/003 ,  G01H1/006 ,  G01H9/004 ,  G01M13/028 ,  G06T7/0002 ,  G06T7/20

Abstract: Apparatus (12) to measure blade vibration in a gas turbine engine (8). An illumination source (20) generates a sequence of illumination bursts in a field of view capturing a passing rotating blade (10) of the gas turbine engine. An imager (22) generates image data including a series of images capturing views of the passing rotating blade. The images are exposed in response to respective illumination bursts. A controller (30) is configured to process the series of images to identify one or more vibration modes of the rotating blade.

Abstract translation: 用于测量燃气涡轮发动机（8）中的叶片振动的装置（12）。 照明源（20）在捕获燃气涡轮发动机的经过的旋转叶片（10）的视野中产生一系列照明脉冲串。 成像器（22）生成图像数据，其包括捕获经过的旋转叶片的视图的一系列图像。 响应于相应的照明脉冲，曝光图像。 控制器（30）被配置为处理该系列图像以识别旋转叶片的一个或多个振动模式。

公开(公告)号：US20130027030A1

公开(公告)日：2013-01-31

申请号：US13191547

申请日：2011-07-27

Applicant: Michael Twerdochlib ,  Erik Abromitis

Inventor： Michael Twerdochlib ,  Erik Abromitis

IPC: G01R33/02

CPC classification number: G01R33/0327 ,  H02K3/12 ,  H02K11/20

Abstract: A magnetic flux sensor for measuring the radial component of the magnetic flux impinging on a stator bar of a high voltage generator. The magnetic flux sensor includes a fiber Bragg grating formed in an optical fiber and enclosed within a magnetostrictive coating. The magnetostrictive coating responds to changes in magnetic flux by applying a strain on the fiber that changes the reflected wavelength of the Bragg grating that can be measured to provide a measurement of the flux. In one embodiment, one or more of the magnetic flux sensors is positioned directly within an insulating layer of the particular stator bar.

Abstract translation: 一种磁通量传感器，用于测量入射到高压发生器的定子线棒上的磁通的径向分量。 磁通量传感器包括形成在光纤中并封装在磁致伸缩涂层内的光纤布拉格光栅。 磁致伸缩涂层通过在纤维上施加应变来改变磁通量的变化，改变可测量的布拉格光栅的反射波长以提供通量的测量。 在一个实施例中，一个或多个磁通量传感器直接定位在特定定子线棒的绝缘层内。

公开(公告)号：US08096184B2

公开(公告)日：2012-01-17

申请号：US10881798

申请日：2004-06-30

Applicant: Michael Twerdochlib

Inventor： Michael Twerdochlib

IPC: G01H9/00

CPC classification number: G01H1/003 ,  G01N29/2418 ,  G01N2291/2693

Abstract: The claimed invention provides a blade vibration measuring system comprising a blade, a transmitter, a target with non parallel edges located on the blade shroud and a receiver. The present invention also provides a blade adapted for measuring blade vibration. Furthermore, the claimed invention provides a method for monitoring blade vibration.

Abstract translation: 所要求保护的发明提供了一种叶片振动测量系统，其包括叶片，发射器，具有位于叶片护罩上的非平行边缘的靶和接收器。 本发明还提供了一种用于测量叶片振动的叶片。 此外，要求保护的发明提供了一种用于监测叶片振动的方法。

公开(公告)号：US07861592B2

公开(公告)日：2011-01-04

申请号：US11711843

申请日：2007-02-27

Applicant: Michael Twerdochlib

Inventor： Michael Twerdochlib

IPC: G01N29/07

CPC classification number: G01H1/006 ,  F01D5/225

Abstract: A method for predicting a blade structure failure within a coupled blade structure including a plurality of blades supported for rotation on a rotor and a shroud structure coupling the blades. The method includes the steps of determining displacements of a plurality of predetermined circumferential locations on the shroud structure during rotation of the blade row, where the displacements are provided as a function of time relative to the periodic rotation of the shroud structure for time intervals that are integer multiples of rotor rotation. A signal characteristic related to vibrational mode and a nodal diameter of the shroud structure is derived based on the displacements of the circumferential locations on the shroud structure.

Abstract translation: 一种用于预测耦合的叶片结构内的叶片结构故障的方法，包括支撑在转子上的多个叶片和联接叶片的护罩结构。 该方法包括以下步骤：在叶片排的旋转期间确定护罩结构上的多个预定圆周位置的位移，其中相对于护罩结构的周期性旋转的时间作为时间的函数提供位移，时间间隔为 转子旋转的整数倍。 基于护罩结构上的周向位置的位移导出与振动模式和护罩结构的节点直径相关的信号特性。